Torsional harmonic cantilevers for detection of high frequency force components in atomic force microscopy

    公开(公告)号:US20060005614A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-01-12

    申请号:US10887608

    申请日:2004-07-08

    IPC分类号: G12B21/08 G01L1/10 G01N13/16

    CPC分类号: G01Q60/38 G01Q60/34

    摘要: A cantilever for the use in atomic force microscopy includes a cantilever arm having a fixed end being attached to a base member and a free end where the cantilever arm has a first shape and an axis of torsion associated with the first shape, and a probe tip projecting from the cantilever arm near the free end where the probe tip is positioned in an offset displacement from the axis of torsion. Alternately, the cantilever arm has a first shape selected to tune a torsional resonance frequency of a selected torsional mode or the fundamental flexural resonance frequency of the fundamental mode so that the torsional resonance frequency and the fundamental flexural resonance frequency has an integer ratio. In this manner, the torsional motion of the torsional harmonic cantilever at that harmonic frequency will be largely enhanced by the corresponding torsional resonance.

    Piecewise linear spatial phase modulator using dual-mode micromirror arrays for temporal and diffractive fourier optics
    33.
    发明授权
    Piecewise linear spatial phase modulator using dual-mode micromirror arrays for temporal and diffractive fourier optics 失效
    分段线性空间相位调制器使用双模式微镜阵列,用于时间和衍射傅里叶光学

    公开(公告)号:US06643053B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-11-04

    申请号:US10079088

    申请日:2002-02-20

    IPC分类号: G02B2600

    CPC分类号: G02B26/06 G02B26/0833

    摘要: One embodiment of the present invention provides a spatial light phase modulator, which can perform piecewise linear phase modulation of a light beam. This spatial light phase modulator includes an array of movable micromirrors and an array of actuators. Each actuator of the array of actuators is movably coupled to one micromirror of the array of movable micromirrors and can move the micromirror both vertically and rotationally. Additionally, the present invention provides an optical function generator that is a femtosecond pulse shaper. This optical function generator includes a diffraction grating that disperses an input pulse into a dispersed spectrum, a lens assembly to focus the dispersed spectrum onto a micromirror array, and the micromirror array to provide spatial filtering to the dispersed spectrum to provide the filtered spectrum.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的一个实施例提供一种空间光相位调制器,其可以执行光束的分段线性相位调制。 该空间光相位调制器包括可移动微镜阵列和致动器阵列。 致动器阵列的每个致动器可移动地耦合到可移动微镜阵列的一个微反射镜,并且可以垂直和旋转地移动微镜。 另外,本发明提供一种作为飞秒脉冲整形器的光学函数发生器。 该光学函数发生器包括将输入脉冲分散到分散光谱中的衍射光栅,将分散光谱聚焦到微镜阵列上的透镜组件和微镜阵列,以向分散光谱提供空间滤波以提供滤波光谱。

    Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam
    35.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam 失效
    用于调制光束的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5808797A

    公开(公告)日:1998-09-15

    申请号:US638605

    申请日:1996-04-26

    IPC分类号: B81B3/00 G02B5/18 G02B26/08

    摘要: A modulator for modulating incident rays of light, the modulator having a plurality of equally spaced apart elements, each of which includes a light reflective planar surface. The elements are arranged parallel to each other with their light reflective surfaces parallel to each other. The modulator includes means for supporting elements in relation to one another and means for moving particular ones of the elements relative to others so that the moved elements transit between a first configuration wherein the modulator acts to reflect the incident rays of light as a plane mirror, and a second configuration wherein the modulator diffracts the light reflected therefrom. In operation, the light reflective surfaces of the elements remain parallel to each other in both the first and the second configurations. The perpendicular spacing between the reflective surfaces of respective elements is equal to m/4 times the wavelength of the incident rays of light, wherein m=an even whole number or zero when the elements are in the first configuration and m=an odd whole number when the elements are in the second configuration.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于调制入射光线的调制器,该调制器具有多个等间隔开的元件,每个元件包括光反射平面。 元件彼此平行地布置,其光反射表面彼此平行。 调制器包括用于相对于彼此支撑元件的装置和用于相对于其它元件移动元件中的特定元件的装置,使得移动的元件在第一配置之间转换,其中调制器作用以将入射的光线反射为平面镜, 以及其中调制器衍射从其反射的光的第二配置。 在操作中,元件的光反射表面在第一和第二构造中保持彼此平行。 各个元件的反射表面之间的垂直间距等于入射光线的波长的m / 4倍,其中当元件处于第一配置时m =偶数或零,m =奇数整数 当元件处于第二配置时。

    Photonic crystal sensor
    36.
    发明授权
    Photonic crystal sensor 有权
    光子晶体传感器

    公开(公告)号:US08666201B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-03-04

    申请号:US13256355

    申请日:2010-03-24

    IPC分类号: G02B6/00

    摘要: This invention relates to an optical sensor element comprising a photonic crystal constituted by a membrane of a chosen transparent material, the membrane being provided with a number of defined openings in a chosen pattern, the pattern being adapted to provide resonance at a chosen wavelength or range of wavelengths, wherein said openings are provided with a reactive material acting as a receptor for a chosen type of molecules, e.g. proteins, the presence of which alters the resonance and/or scattering conditions in the sensor element thus altering the amount of light propagating out of the membrane plane.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种光学传感器元件,其包括由所选择的透明材料的膜构成的光子晶体,所述膜以选定的图案设置有多个限定的开口,所述图案适于在选定的波长或范围内提供谐振 的波长,其中所述开口设置有用作所选类型分子的受体的反应性材料,例如 蛋白质,其存在改变传感器元件中的共振和/或散射条件,从而改变从膜平面传播的光的量。

    Optical-fiber-compatible acoustic sensor
    38.
    发明授权
    Optical-fiber-compatible acoustic sensor 有权
    光纤兼容的声学传感器

    公开(公告)号:US08542956B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-09-24

    申请号:US13047668

    申请日:2011-03-14

    IPC分类号: G02B6/00 G01B9/02

    摘要: An acoustic sensor includes a diaphragm having a reflective element. The sensor has an optical fiber positioned relative to the reflective element such that light emitted from the optical fiber is reflected by the reflective element. A first end of the optical fiber and the reflective element form an optical cavity therebetween. The acoustic sensor further includes a structural element mechanically coupled to the diaphragm and the optical fiber. The structural element includes a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially similar to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the optical fiber. For example, the material can be silica.

    摘要翻译: 声传感器包括具有反射元件的隔膜。 传感器具有相对于反射元件定位的光纤,使得从光纤发射的光被反射元件反射。 光纤的第一端和反射元件在其间形成光腔。 声学传感器还包括机械耦合到隔膜和光纤的结构元件。 结构元件包括具有基本上类似于光纤的热膨胀系数的热膨胀系数的材料。 例如,该材料可以是二氧化硅。

    Method of detecting a topology of a reflective surface
    39.
    发明授权
    Method of detecting a topology of a reflective surface 有权
    检测反射面拓扑的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08373865B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-12

    申请号:US13356379

    申请日:2012-01-23

    IPC分类号: G01B11/02 G01B9/02

    摘要: A method detects a topology of a reflective surface. The method includes providing an optical fiber positioned such that light emitted from the optical fiber is reflected by at least a portion of the reflective surface. The optical fiber and the portion of the reflective surface form an optical resonator having an optical resonance with a resonance lineshape. The method further includes emitting light from the optical fiber while the optical fiber is at a plurality of positions along the reflective surface. The light emitted from the optical fiber irradiates a corresponding plurality of portions of the reflective surface. The method further includes measuring a change of the resonance lineshape due to the irradiation of the plurality of portions of the reflective surface.

    摘要翻译: 一种方法检测反射表面的拓扑。 该方法包括提供光纤,其定位成使得从光纤发射的光被反射表面的至少一部分反射。 光纤和反射表面的部分形成具有谐振线形的光学共振的光学谐振器。 该方法还包括在光纤沿着反射表面处于多个位置时从光纤发射光。 从光纤发射的光照射反射表面的对应的多个部分。 该方法还包括测量由于反射表面的多个部分的照射引起的谐振线形变化。

    Acoustic sensor with at least one photonic crystal structure
    40.
    发明授权
    Acoustic sensor with at least one photonic crystal structure 有权
    具有至少一个光子晶体结构的声学传感器

    公开(公告)号:US08331741B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-11

    申请号:US13356432

    申请日:2012-01-23

    IPC分类号: G02B6/00 G01B9/02 G01D5/32

    CPC分类号: G01H9/00 G01H9/004

    摘要: An acoustic sensor includes at least one photonic crystal structure and an optical fiber in optical communication with the at least one photonic crystal structure. The at least one photonic crystal structure has at least one optical resonance with a resonance frequency and a resonance lineshape, wherein at least one of the resonance frequency and the resonance lineshape is responsive to acoustic waves incident upon the acoustic sensor. The acoustic sensor further includes an optical fiber in optical communication with the at least one photonic crystal structure. The optical fiber is configured to transmit light which impinges the at least one photonic crystal structure and to receive at least a portion of the light which impinges the at least one photonic crystal structure.

    摘要翻译: 声学传感器包括至少一个光子晶体结构和与所述至少一个光子晶体结构光学通信的光纤。 至少一个光子晶体结构具有至少一个具有谐振频率和谐振线形的光学谐振,其中谐振频率和谐振线形形状中的至少一个对入射到声学传感器上的声波作出响应。 声学传感器还包括与至少一个光子晶体结构光学通信的光纤。 光纤被配置为透射照射至少一个光子晶体结构的光并且接收照射至少一个光子晶体结构的光的至少一部分。