Method of fast gain control in WDM optical networks
    31.
    发明授权
    Method of fast gain control in WDM optical networks 失效
    WDM光网络快速增益控制方法

    公开(公告)号:US5900968A

    公开(公告)日:1999-05-04

    申请号:US728629

    申请日:1996-10-10

    摘要: In a WDM network employing a plurality of optical amplifiers in at least one optical fiber link, a system and method for dynamically controlling gain in accordance with the collective behavior of the amplifier chain. According to the present invention, the required response time of dynamic gain control is selected substantially inversely relative to the number of amplifiers in the communication path. Illustratively, in a large-scale optical network (with signal channel paths traversing say, a hundred optical amplifiers), the response time of gain control in accordance with the present invention may be on the order of 5 .mu.s or even less.

    摘要翻译: 在至少一个光纤链路中使用多个光放大器的WDM网络中,根据放大器链的集体行为来动态地控制增益的系统和方法。 根据本发明,动态增益控制的所需响应时间相对于通信路径中的放大器的数量基本上相反地选择。 说明性地,在大规模光网络(具有通过数百个光放大器的信道通道)中,根据本发明的增益控制的响应时间可以在5μs甚至更小的数量级。

    Systems and methods for distance estimation between electronic devices
    34.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for distance estimation between electronic devices 有权
    电子设备之间距离估计的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08611260B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-12-17

    申请号:US12751338

    申请日:2010-03-31

    IPC分类号: H04B7/005

    摘要: A distance estimation system is disclosed for estimating a distance between two electronic devices. The system includes a power adjustable transmitter that is capable of having its power level adjusted between successive transmissions of packets of data, a remote device that is remote from the power adjustable transmitter for receiving the packets of data, and a distance estimation unit. The distance estimation unit is for generating a distance estimation signal responsive to the packets of data received at the remote device such that the distance estimation signal is associated with a power level at which the power level adjustable transmitter is not able to sufficiently transmit the packets of data to the remote device.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于估计两个电子设备之间的距离的距离估计系统。 该系统包括功率可调发射机,其能够在数据分组的连续传输之间调整其功率电平,远离功率可调发射器的用于接收数据分组的远程设备和距离估计单元。 所述距离估计单元用于响应于在所述远程设备处接收的数据的分组来生成距离估计信号,使得所述距离估计信号与所述功率电平可调发射机不能够充分地传输所述分组的功率电平相关联 数据到远程设备。

    Method for producing 1,3-propanediol using crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production
    35.
    发明授权
    Method for producing 1,3-propanediol using crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production 有权
    使用来自生物柴油生产的副产物粗甘油生产1,3-丙二醇的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08486673B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-16

    申请号:US11916180

    申请日:2006-06-01

    IPC分类号: C12P7/18

    CPC分类号: C12P7/18 C12N1/32

    摘要: The invention discloses a method for producing 1,3-propanediol, comprising the steps of: using crude glycerol, a by-product during the biodiesel production, without further treatment, as the substrate for production of 1,3-propanediol; inoculating a 1,3-propanediol-producing strain in a seed medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production; adding the seed culture into a fermentation medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production, and fermenting; maintaining pH in a range of 6.8 to 8.0; and in the end of the fermentation, isolating and purifying 1,3-propanediol.

    摘要翻译: 本发明公开了一种1,3-丙二醇的制造方法,其特征在于,在生物柴油的生产中使用副产物粗甘油,无需进一步处理,作为1,3-丙二醇的生产用基材。 在含有来自生物柴油生产的副产物的粗甘油的种子培养基中接种1,3-丙二醇生产菌株; 将种子培养物加入到含有来自生物柴油生产的副产物和发酵的粗甘油的发酵培养基中; 保持pH在6.8至8.0的范围内; 并在发酵结束时,分离和纯化1,3-丙二醇。

    Receptacle connector
    36.
    发明授权
    Receptacle connector 失效
    插座连接器

    公开(公告)号:US07993160B1

    公开(公告)日:2011-08-09

    申请号:US12832968

    申请日:2010-07-08

    IPC分类号: H01R13/648

    摘要: An insulating housing defines an accommodating chamber and a receiving cavity in a bottom thereof. The bottom of the insulating housing defines a plurality of first terminal passages arranged at intervals along a traverse direction thereof and extends longitudinally to penetrate therethrough. The first terminal passages communicate with the accommodating chamber. A plurality of second terminal passages are arranged at intervals along a traverse direction thereof. A terminal module includes a terminal base disposed in the receiving cavity and a plurality of terminals molded together with the terminal base and arranged side by side. Each terminal has a fastening portion. A front end of the fastening portion extends forward to form a connecting portion which is arched upward and rearward to form a substantially oblique U-shaped bending portion. A free end of the bending portion extends along a tangent direction thereof to form a contacting portion.

    摘要翻译: 绝缘壳体在其底部限定容纳室和容纳腔。 绝缘壳体的底部限定沿着其横向方向间隔设置的多个第一端子通道,并且纵向延伸以贯穿其中。 第一端子通道与容纳室连通。 多个第二端子通道沿其横向方向间隔设置。 端子模块包括设置在容纳腔中的端子台和与端子基座一起模制并且并排布置的多个端子。 每个端子具有紧固部分。 紧固部分的前端向前延伸以形成连接部分,该连接部分向​​上和向后拱形以形成基本上倾斜的U形弯曲部分。 弯曲部分的自由端沿其切线方向延伸以形成接触部分。

    Methods of treating cancer using a modified endostatin protein
    38.
    发明授权
    Methods of treating cancer using a modified endostatin protein 有权
    使用改良的内皮抑素蛋白治疗癌症的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07470667B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-12-30

    申请号:US11118109

    申请日:2005-04-29

    IPC分类号: A61K38/00

    摘要: The present invention provides methods of treating an angiogenesis-related disease of a subject using a therapeutically effective amount of a modified endostatin protein. In particular, the methods encompass treating an angiogenesis-related disease of a subject using a combination of the modified endostatin, and a known cancer therapy agent such as a chemotherapy agent, or a radiotherapy agent.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供使用治疗有效量的修饰的内皮抑素蛋白治疗受试者的血管发生相关疾病的方法。 特别地,所述方法包括使用修饰的内皮抑制素和已知的癌症治疗剂如化疗剂或放射治疗剂的组合来治疗受试者的血管生成相关疾病。

    System and method for reducing effects of optical impairments in optically amplified lightwave communication systems
    39.
    发明授权
    System and method for reducing effects of optical impairments in optically amplified lightwave communication systems 有权
    用于减少光放大光波通信系统中的光损伤的影响的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US06501870B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-31

    申请号:US09518301

    申请日:2000-03-03

    IPC分类号: G02B628

    CPC分类号: H04B10/2935 H04B10/2537

    摘要: The effects of optical impairments on optical signal transmission are substantially reduced in a lightwave transmission system by positioning optical amplifiers and network elements in respective upstream-downstream combinations. By placing an optical amplifier at a position upstream from its corresponding network element, sufficient amplification can be provided by the optical amplifier to compensate for losses introduced by its corresponding network element. Advantageously, the corresponding downstream network element provides sufficient attenuation of the forward travelling lightwave signals so that power-dependent nonlinear effects in the optical fiber do not significantly distort the lightwave signals. Moreover, because of the downstream location of the network element in relation to its corresponding network element, the network element substantially suppresses backward travelling optical signal components such as those caused by Rayleigh backscattering, Stimulated Brillioun Scattering (SBS), and the like. As such, the network element prevents unwanted back reflections and back scattered signals from affecting operation of its corresponding optical amplifier.

    摘要翻译: 通过将光放大器和网络元件定位在相应的上游 - 下游组合中,光学损伤对光信号传输的影响在光波传输系统中显着降低。 通过将光放大器放置在其相应网元上游的位置处,光放大器可以提供足够的放大以补偿由其对应的网元引入的损耗。 有利地,相应的下游网络元件提供前向行进的光波信号的足够衰减,使得光纤中的功率相关非线性效应不会使光波信号显着失真。 此外,由于网元相对于其对应的网元的下游位置,网元基本上抑制了由瑞利后向散射,刺激亮度散射(SBS)等引起的反向行进光信号分量。 因此,网络元件防止不必要的反射反射和反向散射的信号影响其对应的光放大器的操作。

    Methods of modeling erbium doped fiber amplifiers
    40.
    发明授权
    Methods of modeling erbium doped fiber amplifiers 失效
    掺铒光纤放大器的建模方法

    公开(公告)号:US06381560B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-30

    申请号:US09457966

    申请日:1999-12-09

    IPC分类号: G16F1750

    CPC分类号: H01S3/06754 H01S3/1608

    摘要: A method of modeling erbium doped fiber (“EDF”) for use in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (“EDFA”). The EDF has a length and a fractional population density of erbium ions in an excited state. Since the EDF supports N channels, the power propagation along the EDF is characterized by N+1 differential equations as a function of the direction of propagation, z, of the channels along the length l of the EDF and the time t. By applying an average inversion model to a spatially averaged inversion level of the erbium ions in the fiber, the N+1 partial differential equations are reduced to a single ordinary differential equation. This allows an analytical solution at the boundary and initial conditions of the fiber so that an expression for the power of the signal propagating along the fiber can be obtained. With this expression, the single equation can be solved analytically for the inversion level at any point along the EDF.

    摘要翻译: 对掺铒光纤放大器(“EDFA”)中使用的掺铒光纤(“EDF”)进行建模的方法。 EDF具有处于激发态的铒离子的长度和分数种群密度。 由于EDF支持N个信道,沿着EDF的功率传播的特征在于沿着EDF的长度l和时间t的信道的传播方向z的函数的N + 1个微分方程。 通过将平均反演模型应用于光纤中铒离子的空间平均反演水平,将N + 1偏微分方程简化为单个常微分方程。 这允许在光纤的边界和初始条件下的解析解,使得可以获得沿着光纤传播的信号的功率的表达式。 通过这个表达式,可以在沿着EDF的任何点分析求解单个方程的反演水平。