摘要:
In a WDM network employing a plurality of optical amplifiers in at least one optical fiber link, a system and method for dynamically controlling gain in accordance with the collective behavior of the amplifier chain. According to the present invention, the required response time of dynamic gain control is selected substantially inversely relative to the number of amplifiers in the communication path. Illustratively, in a large-scale optical network (with signal channel paths traversing say, a hundred optical amplifiers), the response time of gain control in accordance with the present invention may be on the order of 5 .mu.s or even less.
摘要:
A molding method of blow-molding a hollow tank body with a built-in component is provided. The method molds the hollow tank body by molding the sheet parisons in the half molds. After the moving cooperation of the half molds, an expanding mechanism of a pre-molding template device, the template half plates and the bases, the half molds are respectively leaned against the closed template half plates, and the sheet parisons are leaned against the half molds by blowing and/or sucking so as to be pre-molded. The tank body is molded after placing the component into it. A pre-molding template device is also provided. An expanding mechanism and the template half plates are mounted on the bases, and the bases are mounted on a rail bracket, the bases are driven by a power device to move on the rail bracket.
摘要:
A method for molding a two-piece blow molded hollow tank by using auxiliary male molds includes the following steps: 1) blanking two parisons; 2) closing mold halves of a mold and a pre-molding template; 3) pre-stretching the molten parisons by using auxiliary male molds in the pre-molding template; 4) performing internal high-pressure blow molding, and pre-molding two housing portions; 5) opening the mold, and withdrawing the pre-molding template; 6) moving in a component built-in mechanism to perform built-in component connection; 7) moving out the component built-in mechanism; 8) closing the mold for the second time and finally blow molding a hollow tank; and 9) opening the mold and taking out the product.
摘要:
A distance estimation system is disclosed for estimating a distance between two electronic devices. The system includes a power adjustable transmitter that is capable of having its power level adjusted between successive transmissions of packets of data, a remote device that is remote from the power adjustable transmitter for receiving the packets of data, and a distance estimation unit. The distance estimation unit is for generating a distance estimation signal responsive to the packets of data received at the remote device such that the distance estimation signal is associated with a power level at which the power level adjustable transmitter is not able to sufficiently transmit the packets of data to the remote device.
摘要:
The invention discloses a method for producing 1,3-propanediol, comprising the steps of: using crude glycerol, a by-product during the biodiesel production, without further treatment, as the substrate for production of 1,3-propanediol; inoculating a 1,3-propanediol-producing strain in a seed medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production; adding the seed culture into a fermentation medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production, and fermenting; maintaining pH in a range of 6.8 to 8.0; and in the end of the fermentation, isolating and purifying 1,3-propanediol.
摘要:
An insulating housing defines an accommodating chamber and a receiving cavity in a bottom thereof. The bottom of the insulating housing defines a plurality of first terminal passages arranged at intervals along a traverse direction thereof and extends longitudinally to penetrate therethrough. The first terminal passages communicate with the accommodating chamber. A plurality of second terminal passages are arranged at intervals along a traverse direction thereof. A terminal module includes a terminal base disposed in the receiving cavity and a plurality of terminals molded together with the terminal base and arranged side by side. Each terminal has a fastening portion. A front end of the fastening portion extends forward to form a connecting portion which is arched upward and rearward to form a substantially oblique U-shaped bending portion. A free end of the bending portion extends along a tangent direction thereof to form a contacting portion.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods and genetically engineered micro-organisms for the combined production of PDO, BDO, and PHP by fermentation. The micro-organism is characterized in that its D-lactate dehydrogenase gene has been deleted or functionally inactivated, and it comprises heterogenous polynucleotides encoding the Coenzyme A-dependent Aldehyde dehydrogenase and the Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase. Methods for the construction of such micro-organisms are also disclosed
摘要:
The present invention provides methods of treating an angiogenesis-related disease of a subject using a therapeutically effective amount of a modified endostatin protein. In particular, the methods encompass treating an angiogenesis-related disease of a subject using a combination of the modified endostatin, and a known cancer therapy agent such as a chemotherapy agent, or a radiotherapy agent.
摘要:
The effects of optical impairments on optical signal transmission are substantially reduced in a lightwave transmission system by positioning optical amplifiers and network elements in respective upstream-downstream combinations. By placing an optical amplifier at a position upstream from its corresponding network element, sufficient amplification can be provided by the optical amplifier to compensate for losses introduced by its corresponding network element. Advantageously, the corresponding downstream network element provides sufficient attenuation of the forward travelling lightwave signals so that power-dependent nonlinear effects in the optical fiber do not significantly distort the lightwave signals. Moreover, because of the downstream location of the network element in relation to its corresponding network element, the network element substantially suppresses backward travelling optical signal components such as those caused by Rayleigh backscattering, Stimulated Brillioun Scattering (SBS), and the like. As such, the network element prevents unwanted back reflections and back scattered signals from affecting operation of its corresponding optical amplifier.
摘要:
A method of modeling erbium doped fiber (“EDF”) for use in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (“EDFA”). The EDF has a length and a fractional population density of erbium ions in an excited state. Since the EDF supports N channels, the power propagation along the EDF is characterized by N+1 differential equations as a function of the direction of propagation, z, of the channels along the length l of the EDF and the time t. By applying an average inversion model to a spatially averaged inversion level of the erbium ions in the fiber, the N+1 partial differential equations are reduced to a single ordinary differential equation. This allows an analytical solution at the boundary and initial conditions of the fiber so that an expression for the power of the signal propagating along the fiber can be obtained. With this expression, the single equation can be solved analytically for the inversion level at any point along the EDF.