摘要:
A described method includes providing a semiconductor substrate. A first gate structure is formed on the semiconductor substrate and a sacrificial gate structure formed adjacent the first gate structure. The sacrificial gate structure may be used to form a metal gate structure using a replacement gate methodology. A dielectric layer is formed overlying the first gate structure and the sacrificial gate structure. The dielectric layer has a first thickness above a top surface of the first gate structure and a second thickness, less than the first thickness, above a top surface of the sacrificial gate structure. (See, e.g., FIGS. 5, 15, 26). Thus, a subsequent planarization process of the dielectric layer may not contact the first gate structure.
摘要:
A yarn feeder for flat knitting machines is located on a yarn feeder guide track to move transversely thereon and includes a baseboard slidably coupled on the yarn feeder guide track, a first rocking arm, a second rocking arm and a yarn feeding unit located on the baseboard. The first and second rocking arms have respectively a first pivot end and a second pivot end coupled with the baseboard, and a first pressed end and a second pressed end to receive a horizontal force to swing respectively about the first and second pivot ends serving as fulcrums. The yarn feeding unit includes a yarn feeding arm located between the first and second rocking arms, and a first linkage bar hinged on the yarn feeding arm and first rocking arm to move simultaneously, and a second linkage bar hinged on the yarn feeding arm and second rocking arm to move simultaneously.
摘要:
A needle bed structure for flat knitting machines that is located at two sides of a needle bed gap includes a plurality of parallel needle plates, a plurality of knitting needles and sinkers located between the needle plates, a sinker control portion movable in parallel with the arranged direction of the sinkers, and at least one control cam driven by a switching portion to push the sinkers to rotate towards the needle bed gap during the switching movement. The switching portion performs a switching movement according to the moving direction. The needle plates hole at least one needle pressing board to restrict vertical movement of the knitting needles. The switching portion has a magnetic attracting portion corresponding to the needle pressing board to form magnetic attraction therewith. A spacer is provided between the needle plates to prevent the horizontal movement of the sinkers.
摘要:
The invention relates to integrated circuit fabrication, and more particularly to a semiconductor device with a plurality of gate structures. An exemplary method of fabricating the plurality of gate structures comprises providing a silicon substrate; depositing a dummy oxide layer over the substrate; depositing a dummy gate electrode layer over the dummy oxide layer; patterning the layers to define a plurality of dummy gates; forming nitrogen-containing sidewall spacers on the plurality of dummy gates; forming an interlayer dielectric layer between the nitrogen-containing sidewall spacers; selectively depositing a hard mask layer on the interlayer dielectric layer by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process; removing the dummy gate electrode layer; removing the dummy oxide layer; depositing a gate dielectric; and depositing a gate electrode.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides an apparatus that includes a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a substrate. The semiconductor device also includes a first gate dielectric layer that is disposed over the substrate. The first gate dielectric layer includes a first material. The first gate dielectric layer has a first thickness that is less than a threshold thickness at which a portion of the first material of the first gate dielectric layer begins to crystallize. The semiconductor device also includes a second gate dielectric layer that is disposed over the first gate dielectric layer. The second gate dielectric layer includes a second material that is different from the first material. The second gate dielectric layer has a second thickness that is less than a threshold thickness at which a portion of the second material of the second gate dielectric layer begins to crystallize.
摘要:
The invention discloses a method for producing 1,3-propanediol, comprising the steps of: using crude glycerol, a by-product during the biodiesel production, without further treatment, as the substrate for production of 1,3-propanediol; inoculating a 1,3-propanediol-producing strain in a seed medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production; adding the seed culture into a fermentation medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from biodiesel production, and fermenting; maintaining pH in a range of 6.8 to 8.0; and in the end of the fermentation, isolating and purifying 1,3-propanediol.
摘要:
A described method includes providing a semiconductor substrate. A first gate structure is formed on the semiconductor substrate and a sacrificial gate structure formed adjacent the first gate structure. The sacrificial gate structure may be used to form a metal gate structure using a replacement gate methodology. A dielectric layer is formed overlying the first gate structure and the sacrificial gate structure. The dielectric layer has a first thickness above a top surface of the first gate structure and a second thickness, less than the first thickness, above a top surface of the sacrificial gate structure. (See, e.g., FIGS. 5, 15, 26). Thus, a subsequent planarization process of the dielectric layer may not contact the first gate structure.
摘要:
A method for fabricating the gate dielectric layer comprises forming a high-k dielectric layer over a substrate; forming an oxygen-containing layer on the high-k dielectric layer by an atomic layer deposition process; and performing an inert plasma treatment on the oxygen-containing layer.
摘要:
The LC combined transformer is a combination of capacitors, inductors and an electrically-isolated mutual inductor, i.e. conventional transformer; which in principle is a unity-coupled mutual capacitor or a cascade connection of an ideal transformer and unity-coupled mutual capacitor(s). To improve the imperfections of widely-used transformers, by employing the simplest passive-circuit design to attain a perfectly-functional match between mutual capacitors and the mutual inductor, this invention achieves optimal features of current or/and voltage transformation, and introduces a new function of waveform conversion from square to quasi-sine. The ideal current transformer herein is suitable for sinusoidal current measurements, the ideal voltage transformer herein suitable for sinusoidal voltage measurements, and they also could be upgraded to ideal transformers for both current and voltage transformations. This transformer can be designed as power transferable as well as waveform convertible, applicable in power systems or power electronics. Herein also states the design approach of integrated inductor and mutual inductor, and the use of push-pull inductor, materials being fully utilized and sizes decreased.