摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an automatic toner supplier for detecting a toner density using a toner sensor and automatically supplying a toner when the toner density is decreased. The toner sensor is automatically initialized when initial use of the image forming apparatus is started so as to generate an analog voltage signal having a predetermined level corresponding to a reference toner density. That is, an output voltage from the toner sensor is converted into a digital signal by an analog/digital (A/D) converter. A comparator compares this digital signal with a reference voltage corresponding to the reference toner density. An arithmetic-logic unit adds/subtracts a digital adjustment value in accordance with a comparison result from the comparator. This adjustment value is converted by a digital/analog (D/A) converter into an analog control voltage signal and is applied to the toner sensor. That is, the control voltages are converged by a loop including the toner sensor, the A/D converter, the comparator, the arithmetic-logic unit, and the D/A converter so as to set the output voltage signal from the toner sensor at the predetermined level corresponding to the reference toner density.
摘要:
An equal voltage is applied to a corona shielding case and a screen grid, when a normal mode is set, while a switch is changed over to connect the shielding case to ground when a photo mode is set. Therefore, part of a discharge voltage from a corona discharger is grounded in the photo mode. It is therefore possible to make the surface potential of a photosensitive body in the photo mode in which the shielding case is grounded lower than that in the normal mode in which the shielding case of the corona discharger is placed at a potential corresponding to an output direct-current voltage of a high-tension transformer. As a result, half-tones of photographs can be reproduced effectively.
摘要:
A process for preparing a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases comprising a refractory carrier composed mainly of alumina and having deposited thereon, iron oxide, cerium oxide and at least one noble metal element, which comprises impregnating said carrier with(a) an aqueous solution A prepared by adding aqueous ammonia to an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble iron salt as a material for iron and a cerium salt of an organic acid as a material for cerium to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 6.0-9.0, and optionally adding an ammonium salt of an organic acid, and(b) an aqueous solution B containing a compound of the noble metal element.
摘要:
A catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons in exhaust gases, said catalyst being prepared by supporting copper and nickel on a carrier and then further supporting at least two components selected from the group consisting of iridium, rhodium and ruthenium, the atomic weight ratio of copper to nickel being 0.2 to 5, the atomic weight ratio of the sum of copper and nickel to the sum of at least two components selected from the group consisting of iridium, rhodium and ruthenium being 10 to 100,000, and the total weight of copper and nickel being 10 to 200 g per liter of the catalyst.
摘要:
Even if requirements for any scale of system constructions occur, a battery system of flexibly responding to the requirements is provided. The battery system comprising a battery module having a plurality of battery cells being connected, a battery pack having a plurality of battery modules being connected either in series or in parallel or both in series and in parallel, and a battery block having a plurality of battery packs being connected either in series or in parallel or both in series and in parallel. They are mutually layered. In the battery system, the battery module, the battery pack, and the battery block are previously prepared as variations of layered basic units. In response to requirements for any scale of system constructions, the basic units are combined accordingly.
摘要:
A battery system (201) includes a battery module (314) in which plural battery cells (310) are connected in series, a battery pack (203) in which the battery modules (314) are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, and a battery block (212) in which the battery packs (203) are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, which are mutually layered. In the battery system (201), a structure is adopted in which the battery module (314), the battery pack (203) and the battery block (212) are previously prepared as hierarchical variations of basic units, and these basic units are appropriately combined according to a required scale. According to the battery system of the invention, even when a system construction request of any scale occurs, the request can be flexibly dealt with.
摘要:
A first battery pack (252-1) comprises a battery module (314) which includes a plurality of battery cells (310) connected in series between a positive terminal (352) and a negative terminal (353), ground-fault resistances (45) each of which appears between a grounding point (23) and an inter-battery connection point (311) between adjoining ones of the battery cells (310), a booster unit (11) which is provided to the positive terminal (352) and outputs boosted electric potential acquired by boosting high electric potential of the battery module (314), a protective resistance (25) and a ground fault detecting resistance (27) which are provided in series between a third connection point (19) (on the output side of the booster unit (11)) and the grounding point (23), and a ground fault detecting unit (41) which detects the presence/absence of a ground fault in the battery module (314) based on the result of comparison between preset threshold electric potential (Vref) and electric potential of an inter-resistance connection point (29) between the protective resistance (25) and the ground fault detecting resistance (27).
摘要:
When detecting a fault of a master control device, a slave control device refers to master-device-line information, and obtains line information to establish a connection with the other master control device. The slave control device transmits connection request information to the master control device extracted from the other master control devices. The other master control device determines whether or not it is connectable with the slave control device that has transmitted the connection request information, and transmits a determination result as connectability information. The slave control device switches a communication line to the other master control device when the received connectability information indicates the connectable status.
摘要:
There is provided a battery system having a plurality of storage batteries capable of charging and discharging, and at least two or more of the storage batteries are connected in series. The battery system includes a connecting terminal capable of connecting a storage battery in parallel with any one of the other storage batteries. The battery system is capable of replacing the storage battery without restricting the configuration to be serial connection or parallel connection, while avoiding decline of the output power.
摘要:
When detecting a fault of a master control device, a slave control device refers to master-device-line information, and obtains line information to establish a connection with the other master control device. The slave control device transmits connection request information to the master control device extracted from the other master control devices. The other master control device determines whether or not it is connectable with the slave control device that has transmitted the connection request information, and transmits a determination result as connectability information. The slave control device switches a communication line to the other master control device when the received connectability information indicates the connectable status.