摘要:
An automatic gain control circuit (5a) includes a peak detector circuit (10) that detects the peak voltage of the output signal from a variable gain amplifier (3), an average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit (11) that detects the average voltage of the output signals from the variable gain amplifier (3) and adds a voltage ½ the desired output amplitude of the variable gain amplifier (3) to the average voltage, and a high gain amplifier (12) that amplifies the difference between the output voltage of the peak detector circuit (10) and the output voltage of the average value detection and output amplitude setting circuit (11) and controls the gain of the variable gain amplifier (3) using the amplification result as a gain control signal. The peak detector circuit (10) includes transistors (Q1, Q2, Q3), a current source (I1), and a filter circuit. The filter circuit includes a series connection of a resistor (Ra) and a capacitor (C1).
摘要:
In a signal output circuit, an input buffer externally receives a single-phase switching instruction signal to switch a state of the output circuit a shutdown disable state or a shutdown enable state, and converts and outputs the single-phase switching instruction signal into a differential switching instruction signal. A generation control circuit outputs a generation control signal for controlling generation of a control voltage in the control voltage generation circuit based on the differential switching instruction signal. A control voltage generation circuit outputs the control voltage upon changing a value of the control voltage in accordance with a logic of the single-phase switching instruction signal. An output circuit externally receives a differential input signal, outputs a differential output signal upon impedance-converting the differential input signal, and switches between the shutdown disable state and the shutdown enable state of the differential input signal.
摘要:
Provided is a novel fluorinated compound, a fluoropolymer, and a method for producing the compound. A monomer of the compound has a formula F2═CFCF2C(X)(C(O)OZ)(CH2)nCR═CHR, wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, or a group of formula —C(O)OZ; Z is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group, n is 0, 1, or 2; and R is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group.
摘要:
To provide a polymer electrolyte material for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which is an electrolyte material having a high ion exchange capacity and a low resistance, and which has a higher softening temperature than a conventional electrolyte material.An electrolyte material for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which is made of a polymer containing repeating units based on a fluoromonomer having a radical polymerization reactivity, wherein the repeating units contain, in their side chains, a structure having ionic groups represented in the following formula (α) (provided that in the formula, each of Q1 and Q2 which are independent of each other, is a single bond or a perfluoroalkylene group that may have an etheric oxygen atom, provided that they are not single bonds at the same time, Rf1 is a perfluoroalkyl group which may have an etheric oxygen atom, and X is an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom, provided that when X is an oxygen atom, a=0, when X is a nitrogen atom, a=1, and when X is a carbon atom, a=2, and Y is a fluorine atom or a monovalent perfluoro organic group).
摘要:
A vector sum phase shifter includes a 90° phase shifter (1) which generates an in-phase signal (VINI) and a quadrature signal (VINQ) from an input signal (VIN), a four-quadrant multiplier (2I) which changes the amplitude of the in-phase signal (VINI) based on a control signal (CI), a four-quadrant multiplier (2Q) which changes the amplitude of the quadrature signal (VINQ) based on a control signal (CQ), a combiner (3) which combines the in-phase signal (VINI) and the quadrature signal (VINQ), and a control circuit (4). The control circuit (4) includes a voltage generator which generates a reference voltage, and a differential amplifier which outputs the difference signal between a control voltage (VC) and the reference voltage as the control signal (CI, CQ). The differential amplifier performs an analog operation of converting the control voltage (VC) into the control signal (CI, CQ) similar to a sine wave or a cosine wave.
摘要:
An electrolyte material for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which is made of a polymer containing repeating units based on a fluoromonomer having a radical polymerization reactivity, wherein the repeating units contain a 5-membered ring (which may contain 1 or 2 oxygen atoms), of which at least one carbon atom is contained in the main chain of the polymer, and an ionic group such as a sulfonic acid group which is bonded to the 5-membered ring directly or via a perfluoroalkylene group having a linear or branched structure; and the polymer has a softening temperature of at least 120° C.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing a fluorinated sulfonyl fluoride useful as e.g. a material for an ion exchange resin, and a novel chemical substance useful as an intermediate in the production process.That is, to provide a process comprising oxidizing Y—S—RA-E-RB by means of an oxidizing agent essentially containing a halogen atom to obtain XSO2—RA-E-RB, and in a case that X is a fluorine atom, reacting the compound with fluorine in a liquid phase as it is, and in a case that X is a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, converting X into a fluorine atom, and then reacting the obtained compound with fluorine in a liquid phase to obtain FSO2—RAF-EF-RBF, and then decomposing it to obtain FSO2—RAF—COF (wherein RA is a bivalent organic group such as an alkylene group, RB is a monovalent organic group such as a perfluoroalkyl group, E is —CH2OCO—, Y is a monovalent organic group such as a cyano group or the like, X is a halogen atom, RAF is a bivalent organic group having RA fluorinated or the like, RBF is the same group as RB or the like, and EF is —CF2OCO—).
摘要:
A numerical controller having a function to add display screens. The numerical controller comprises a display unit, a memory device stored with a display software which causes the display unit to display a standard display screen, and a detachable external memory device stored with additional display screen data to be displayed as an additional display screen on the display unit. The display software has functions to determine whether or not the external memory device is attached to the numerical controller, determine whether or not the external memory device is stored with the additional display screen data, and select and display the standard display screen and/or the additional display screen on the display unit based on results of the determination.
摘要:
The present invention has been achieved to provide a novel optical transmission system realizing high-speed optical transmission over greater distance by suppressing waveform degradation caused by mode dispersion and mode transition in a multimode optical transmission line. The optical transmission system of the present invention includes: an optical transmitter for transmitting incoherent light; an excitation mechanism for exciting a predetermined mode in the incoherent light transmitted from the optical transmitter; a multimode optical transmission line for transmitting the incoherent light transmitted from the excitation mechanism; a transmission mechanism for transmitting a predetermined mode in the incoherent light transmitted from the excitation mechanism; and an optical receiver for receiving the incoherent light transmitted from the transmission mechanism or the incoherent light transmitted from the transmission mechanism.
摘要:
A novel perfluoropolyether derivative which is less likely to undergo decomposition, which is free from a problem of deterioration during its use, and which is useful as a lubricating oil or a coating agent, is provided.A compound represented by the following formula (1): HO—(CH2CH2O)r. (CH2CH(OH)CH2O)p—CH2CF2O(CF2CF2O)mCF2CH2O——(CH2CH(OH)CH2O)q. (CH2CH2O)s—H Formula (1) wherein m represents an integer of from 3 to 200, and each of p, q, r and s which are independent of one another, represents an integer of from 0 to 100, provided that when each of p, q, r and s which are independent of one another, is an integer of at least 1, the arrangement of —(CH2CH2O)— and —(CH2CH(OH)CH2O)— units is not particularly limited, and when one of r and p is an integer of at least 2 and the other is an integer of at least 1, or when one of q and s is an integer of at least 2 and the other is an integer of at least 1, these units may be arranged in a block form or at random.