摘要:
An apparatus for repairing a defective semiconductor device having an electrically short-circuited portion, wherein the semiconductor device includes a semiconductor thin film and a conductive thin film disposed in the named order on a conductive surface of a substrate and in which the conductive thin film and the conductive surface of the substrate are electrically short-circuited at a pinhole occurring in the semiconductor thin film to form an electrically short-circuited portion so that the semiconductor device is defective. The apparatus includes a substrate holding unit for holding the substrate of the defective semiconductor device and an electrode arranged above the substrate holding unit so that, when the defective semiconductor is positioned on the substrate holding unit, there is a predetermined distance between the electrode and the conductive thin film of the defective semiconductor device, the electrode being capable of moving in relation to the substrate of the defective semiconductor device. The apparatus further includes a voltage applying unit for applying a desired voltage to the electrode, wherein discharge is caused between the electrode and the conductive thin film of the defective semiconductor device by applying a desired voltage to the electrode through the voltage applying means to thereby modify a region of the conductive thin film of the defective semiconductor device in electrical contact with the conductive surface of the substrate of the defective semiconductor device.
摘要:
A photovoltaic device includes a conductive substrate, a semiconductor layer formed on the conductive substrate and made of a non-single-crystal semiconductor material containing at least silicon atoms, and a transparent electrode stacked on the semiconductor layer, wherein the transparent electrode is made of a conductive oxide containing carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, or both and the carbon and/or nitrogen atoms are contained in larger quantities in the portion of the transparent electrode adjacent to the semiconductor layer.
摘要:
A solar cell comprising a conductive substrate and semiconductor layers laminated on the conductive substrate, said laminate comprising a p-type layer composed of a non-single crystal Si material, an i-type layer serving as an active layer and an n-type layer, wherein a diamond layer having an uneven surface and containing a valence electron controlling agent is interposed between the conductive substrate and the semiconductor layers.
摘要:
A speaker system including a common input terminal for receiving an audio signal to be acoustically radiated; several speaker units; several digital filters connected between the common input terminal and the speaker units, and a filter coefficient for each of the digital filters. The speaker units are arranged linearly, in a matrix form or in a honeycomb form.
摘要:
Improved light receiving members which are characterized by having an special surface layer formed of a non-monocrystalline material containing tetrahedrally bonded boron nitride or a non-monocrystalline material containing said boron nitride and trihedrally bonded boron nitride in mingled state or by having an especial surface layer constituted with a lower layer formed of a non-monocrystalline material containing tetrahedrally bonded boron nitride and an upper layer formed of a non-monocrystalline material containing tetrahedrally bonded boron nitride and trihedrally bonded boron nitride in mingled state. The improved light receiving members excel particularly in moisture resistance, repeating use characteristic, electrical voltage withstanding property environmental use characteristic and durability.And the improved light receiving member are particularly advantageous when used as an image-making member in electrophotography since they always exhibit substantially stable electric characteristics without depending upon the working circumstances, maintain a high photosensitivity and a high S/N ratio, do not invite any undesirable influence due to residual voltage even when used repeatedly for a long period of time, cause either defective image nor image flow and have a wealth of cleaning properties.
摘要:
There are provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography and a process for the production thereof. The light receiving member comprises a substrate usable for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a charge injection inhibition layer formed of an amorphous or polycrystalline material containing silicon atom as the main constituent and an element for controlling the conductivity, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atom as the main constituent and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atom and halogen atom and a surface layer formed of a polycrystalline material containing silicon atom, carbon atom and hydrogen atom. The polycrystalline material is a polycrystalline material prepared by introducing a precursor capable of contributing to formation of the layer and an active species reactive with the precursor separately into a film deposition space and chemically reacting them.
摘要:
An apparatus for the preparation of a photoelectric conversion layer for a photoelectromotive force member includes:(a) a film-forming chamber having an inner space in which a substrate holder for a substrate is provided;(b) an exhaust pipe connected to the film-forming chamber and through a main valve to an exhaust pump;(c) a concentric triplicate conduit connected through a nozzle to the film-forming chamber. The concentric triplicate conduit includes:(i) an outer passage for introducing a gaseous raw material and formed by a circumferential wall and an inner wall having a plurality of gas liberation holes;(ii) a middle passage for applying microwave energy to said raw material gas to generate an active species and having a mixing region at the downstream side before the nozzle means, and(iii) a central passage situated horizontally within said middle passage (ii) for introducing a gaseous precursor and for transporting the gaseous precursor toward the film-forming chamber and being open at its end positioned in the mixing region leaving a desired distance to the nozzle means; said middle passage (ii) being formed by the inner wall of the outer passage and a circumferential wall of the central psssage (iii).Also included are:(d) a feed pipe for introducing said raw material to said outer passage (i);(e) a microwave power source for generating said microwave energy; and(f) a feed pipe for introducing said gaseous precursor to said central passage (iii).
摘要:
Process for preparing a photoelectromotive force member by forming a photoelectric conversion layer on a substrate by: (a) generating an active species by the action of microwave energy on a substance in a space leading to a film forming space containing a substrate; (b) generating a precursor by the action of microwave energy on a substance in a space situated within the space for generating the active species; and (c) introducing the resulting active species and precursor into the film forming space to chemically react them and to form the photoelectric conversion layer.
摘要:
An amplifier circuit in which the non-linear distortion of the amplifier transistors caused by non-linear base-emitter input and output characteristics is eliminated without the use of negative feedback. A first transistor and a second transistor of opposite conductivity type are coupled with the output of the first transistor connected to the base of the second transistor and with an input signal applied to the base of the first transistor. Currents are applied to the first and second transistors, such as with the current mirror circuit, in such a manner that the ratio of the currents is a predetermined constant value. Bias voltages are applied to the circuit such that the ratio of the collector-emitter voltage of the first transistor to the collector-emitter voltage of the second transistor is the reciprocal of the predetermined constant value.
摘要:
Provided are an ultrasonic probe capable of forming an image without degradation even when the frequency band of a photoacoustic wave and the frequency band of an ultrasonic wave used in ultrasonography are separated from each other, and an inspection object imaging apparatus including the ultrasonic probe. The ultrasonic probe includes a first array device capable of transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic wave; and a second array device capable of receiving a photoacoustic wave. The first array device includes plural electromechanical transducers arranged in a direction perpendicular to a scanning direction, the second array device includes plural electromechanical transducers arranged in a two-dimensional manner, and the first array device and the second array device are provided on the same plane and in the scanning direction.