公开(公告)号：US20080152576A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11614011

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C09C1/44 ,  C01B31/04

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/20 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/82 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C09C1/44

摘要： Carbon nanostructures are formed from a carbon precursor and catalytic templating nanoparticles. Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures generally include (1) forming a precursor mixture that includes a carbon precursor and a plurality of catalytic templating particles, (2) carbonizing the precursor mixture to form an intermediate carbon material including carbon nanostructures, amorphous carbon, and catalytic metal, (3) purifying the intermediate carbon material by removing at least a portion of the amorphous carbon and optionally at least a portion of the catalytic metal, and (4) heat treating the purified intermediate carbon material and/or treating the purified intermediate carbon material with a base to remove functional groups on the surface thereof. The removal of functional groups increases the graphitic content of the carbon nanomaterial and decreases its; hydrophilicity.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米结构由碳前体和催化模板纳米颗粒形成。 制造碳纳米结构的方法通常包括（1）形成包含碳前体和多个催化模板颗粒的前体混合物，（2）将前体混合物碳化以形成包括碳纳米结构，无定形碳和催化金属的中间碳材料 （3）通过除去至少一部分无定形碳和任选的至少一部分催化金属来纯化中间碳材料，和（4）对纯化的中间碳材料进行热处理和/或处理纯化的中间碳材料 具有用于除去其表面上的官能团的碱。 官能团的去除增加了碳纳米材料的石墨含量，降低了其碳纳米材料的石墨含量。 亲水性。

公开(公告)号：US08318122B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-27

申请号：US12248993

申请日：2008-10-10

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C01B31/02 ,  B82B3/00

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05

摘要： Powdered, amorphous carbon nanomaterials are formed from a carbon precursor in reverse microemulsion that includes organic solvent, surfactant and water. Methods for manufacturing amorphous, powdered carbon nanomaterials generally include steps of (1) forming a reverse microemulsion including at least one non-polar solvent, at least one surfactant, and at least one polar solvent, (2) adding at least one carbon precursor substance to the reverse microemulsion, (3) reacting the at least one carbon precursor substance so as to form an intermediate carbon nanomaterial, (4) separating the intermediate amorphous carbon nanomaterial from the reverse microemulsion, and (5) heating the intermediate amorphous carbon nanomaterial for a period of time so as to yield an amorphous, powdered carbon nanomaterial. Amorphous, powdered carbon nanomaterials manufactured according to the present disclosure typically have a surface area of at least 500 m2/g, a graphitic content of at least 25%, and a conductivity of at least 150 S/m.

摘要翻译： 粉末状无定形碳纳米材料由反相微乳液中的碳前体形成，其包括有机溶剂，表面活性剂和水。 制造无定形粉末状碳纳米材料的方法通常包括以下步骤：（1）形成包含至少一种非极性溶剂，至少一种表面活性剂和至少一种极性溶剂的反相微乳液，（2）加入至少一种碳前体物质 （3）使至少一种碳前体物质反应以形成中间碳纳米材料，（4）将中间无定形碳纳米材料与反相微乳液分离，（5）将中间无定形碳纳米材料加热至 一段时间以产生无定形的粉末状碳纳米材料。 根据本公开制造的无定形粉末碳纳米材料通常具有至少500m 2 / g的表面积，至少25％的石墨含量和至少150S / m的电导率。

公开(公告)号：US20100311869A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

申请号：US12849959

申请日：2010-08-04

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balée

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balée

IPC分类号： C08K7/24

CPC分类号： H01B1/24 ,  Y10S977/734 ,  Y10S977/735 ,  Y10S977/753 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/775 ,  Y10S977/778 ,  Y10S977/78 ,  Y10S977/783 ,  Y10S977/784 ,  Y10S977/788

摘要： The present invention relates to novel composites that incorporate carbon nanospheres into a polymeric material. The polymeric material can be any polymer or polymerizable material compatible with graphitic materials. The carbon nanospheres are hollow, graphitic nanoparticles. The carbon nanospheres can be manufactured from a carbon precursor using templating catalytic nanoparticles. The unique size, shape, and electrical properties of the carbon nanospheres impart beneficial properties to the composites incorporating these nanomaterials.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将碳纳米球结合到聚合材料中的新型复合材料。 聚合物材料可以是与石墨材料相容的任何聚合物或可聚合材料。 碳纳米球是中空的石墨纳米颗粒。 碳纳米球可以使用模板催化纳米颗粒由碳前体制造。 碳纳米球的独特尺寸，形状和电学特性为纳入这些纳米材料的复合材料赋予了有利的特性。

公开(公告)号：US07670588B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

申请号：US11850581

申请日：2007-09-05

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang

IPC分类号： C01B3/00

CPC分类号： C01B3/0021 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  F17C11/005 ,  Y02E60/325 ,  Y10S420/90 ,  Y10S977/70 ,  Y10S977/84 ,  Y10T29/49826 ,  Y10T428/2991

摘要： Hydrogen is stored by adsorbing the hydrogen to a carbon nanomaterial that includes carbon nanospheres. The carbon nanospheres are multi-walled, hollow carbon nanostructures with a maximum diameter in a range from about 10 nm to about 200 nm. The nanospheres have an irregular outer surface and an aspect ratio of less than 3:1. The carbon nanospheres can store hydrogen in quantities of at least 1.0% by weight.

摘要翻译： 通过将氢吸附到包括碳纳米球的碳纳米材料上来储存氢。 碳纳米球是具有最大直径在约10nm至约200nm范围内的多壁中空碳纳米结构。 纳米球具有不规则的外表面和小于3:1的纵横比。 碳纳米球可以以至少1.0重量％的量存储氢。

公开(公告)号：US20070265162A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11539042

申请日：2006-10-05

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： D01F9/12 ,  B01J23/02

CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US08062624B2

公开(公告)日：2011-11-22

申请号：US12604181

申请日：2009-10-22

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang

IPC分类号： C01B3/00

CPC分类号： C01B3/0021 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  F17C11/005 ,  Y02E60/325 ,  Y10S420/90 ,  Y10S977/70 ,  Y10S977/84 ,  Y10T29/49826 ,  Y10T428/2991

摘要： Hydrogen is stored by adsorbing the hydrogen to a carbon nanomaterial that includes carbon nanospheres. The carbon nanospheres are multi-walled, hollow carbon nanostructures with a maximum diameter in a range from about 10 nm to about 200 nm. The nanospheres have an irregular outer surface with graphitic defects and an aspect ratio of less than 3:1. The carbon nanospheres can store hydrogen in quantities of at least 1.0% by weight.

摘要翻译： 通过将氢吸附到包括碳纳米球的碳纳米材料上来储存氢。 碳纳米球是具有最大直径在约10nm至约200nm范围内的多壁中空碳纳米结构。 纳米球具有不规则的外表面，具有石墨缺陷，纵横比小于3:1。 碳纳米球可以以至少1.0重量％的量存储氢。

公开(公告)号：US07858691B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US11869519

申请日：2007-10-09

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： B60C1/00 ,  C08K3/04

CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  C01B32/18 ,  Y10T428/2918

摘要： Carbon nanostructures are formed from a carbon precursor and catalytic templating nanoparticles and are treated with a severe oxidative agent to introduce oxygen-containing functional groups to the surface of the graphitic material. Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures generally include (1) forming a precursor mixture that includes a carbon precursor and a plurality of catalytic templating particles, (2) carbonizing the precursor mixture to form an intermediate carbon material including carbon nanostructures, amorphous carbon, and catalytic metal, (3) purifying the intermediate carbon material by removing at least a portion of the amorphous carbon and optionally at least a portion of the catalytic metal, and (4) treating the intermediate carbon material with a severe oxidative treatment to increase surface functionalization. Examples of oxidative treatments include (i) a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, (ii) a solution of hydrogen peroxide, or (iii) a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米结构由碳前体和催化模板纳米颗粒形成，并用严重的氧化剂处理以将含氧官能团引入石墨材料的表面。 制造碳纳米结构的方法通常包括（1）形成包含碳前体和多个催化模板颗粒的前体混合物，（2）将前体混合物碳化以形成包括碳纳米结构，无定形碳和催化金属的中间碳材料 （3）通过除去至少一部分无定形碳和任选的至少一部分催化金属来纯化中间碳材料，和（4）用严格的氧化处理来处理中间碳材料以增加表面官能度。 氧化处理的实例包括（i）硝酸和硫酸的混合物，（ii）过氧化氢溶液，或（iii）硫酸和过氧化氢的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US20100240900A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-23

申请号：US12409168

申请日：2009-03-23

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Gaurang Bhargava ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Gaurang Bhargava ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C07D213/26 ,  C07D213/30 ,  C07D213/06

CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  C01B32/18

摘要： The carbon nanomaterials and methods relate to methods for causing carbon nanospheres to be readily dispersible in a material. The carbon nanospheres are rendered dispersible using a cationic surfactant. The surfactant includes one or more cationic group that can bond to the surface of the carbon nanospheres, without detrimentally affecting the unique properties of carbon nanospheres. The dispersible carbon nanospheres can be dried (i.e., solvent is driven off) while maintaining their dispersibility in solvents and other materials.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米材料和方法涉及使碳纳米球易于分散在材料中的方法。 使用阳离子表面活性剂使碳纳米球分散。 表面活性剂包括可以结合到碳纳米球表面的一种或多种阳离子基团，而不会不利地影响碳纳米球的独特性质。 可以将可分散的碳纳米球干燥（即溶剂被除去）同时保持其在溶剂和其它材料中的分散性。

公开(公告)号：US20100133481A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-03

申请号：US11614006

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Mertin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balee

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Cheng Zhang ,  Mertin Fransson ,  Raymond B. Balee

IPC分类号： H01B1/24

CPC分类号： H01B1/24 ,  Y10S977/734 ,  Y10S977/735 ,  Y10S977/753 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/775 ,  Y10S977/778 ,  Y10S977/78 ,  Y10S977/783 ,  Y10S977/784 ,  Y10S977/788

摘要： The present invention relates to novel composites that incorporate carbon nanospheres into a polymeric material. The polymeric material can be any polymer or polymerizable material compatible with graphitic materials. The carbon nanospheres are hollow, graphitic nanoparticles. The carbon nanospheres can be manufactured from a carbon precursor using templating catalytic nanoparticles. The unique size, shape, and electrical properties of the carbon nanospheres impart beneficial properties to the composites incorporating these nanomaterials.

公开(公告)号：US20090082474A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US11860373

申请日：2007-09-24

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： B01F3/12

CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  Y10T428/2982 ,  Y10T428/30

摘要： The particle sizes of agglomerates of carbon nanospheres are reduced by dispersing the carbon nanospheres in a polar solvent. The carbon nanospheres are multi-walled, hollow, graphitic structures with an average diameter in a range from about 10 nm to about 200 nm, more preferably about 20 nm to about 100 nm. Spectral data shows that prior to being dispersed, the carbon nanospheres are agglomerated into clusters that range in size from 500 nm to 5 microns. The clusters of nanospheres are reduced in size by dispersing the carbon nanospheres in the polar solvent (e.g., water) using a surface modifying agent (e.g., glucose) and ultrasonication. The combination of polar solvent, surface modifying agent, and ultrasonication breaks up and disperses agglomerates of carbon nanospheres.

摘要翻译： 通过将碳纳米球分散在极性溶剂中来减少碳纳米球团聚体的粒度。 碳纳米球是多壁，中空的石墨结构，其平均直径在约10nm至约200nm的范围内，更优选约20nm至约100nm。 光谱数据显示，在分散之前，碳纳米球凝聚成尺寸范围为500nm至5微米的簇。 通过使用表面改性剂（例如葡萄糖）和超声波将碳纳米球分散在极性溶剂（例如水）中，纳米球簇的尺寸减小。 极性溶剂，表面改性剂和超声波的组合分解和分散碳纳米球团聚体。