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公开(公告)号：US06682584B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-27
申请号：US10026921
申请日：2001-12-20
IPC分类号： B22F912
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B01D47/00 , B01D53/002 , B01J19/06 , B22F1/0018 , B22F1/0088 , B22F9/12
摘要： A process and apparatus prepares and collects metal nanoparticles by forming a vapor of aluminum or copper metal that is solid at room temperature, the vapor of the metal being provided in an inert gaseous carrying medium. At least some of the metal is solidified within the gaseous stream. The gaseous stream and metal material is moved in a gaseous carrying environment into or through a dry mechanical pumping system. While the particles are within the dry mechanical pumping system or after the nanoparticles have moved through the dry pumping system, the vaporized metal material and nanoparticles are contacted with an inert liquid collecting medium.
摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置通过在室温下形成固体的铝或铜金属的蒸气来制备和收集金属纳米颗粒，金属的蒸气被提供在惰性气体携带介质中。 至少一些金属在气流内固化。 气态物流和金属材料在携带气体的环境中进入或通过干式机械泵送系统。 当颗粒在干式机械泵送系统内时，或在纳米颗粒已经移动通过干式泵送系统之后，汽化的金属材料和纳米颗粒与惰性液体收集介质接触。
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公开(公告)号：US6139613A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US138482
申请日：1998-08-21
CPC分类号： C09C1/0024 , B32B7/02 , B44F1/14 , C09B67/0098 , C09C1/0015 , C09C1/0051 , B32B2307/40 , B32B2307/416 , C01P2004/88 , C09C2200/505 , C09C2220/10 , Y10T428/2911 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： The present invention describes a novel method for the formation of optically variant pigments by the coating of layers onto a substrate and the fracturing of the coated material into pigment particles after the coating operation and novel pigments produced thereby. Coating techniques such as slot die coating (especially multiple slot die coating), spin coating, meniscus coating, curtain coating, and the like have proven successful. It is preferred that multiple die slots are used to coat multiple layers in a single pass so that manufacturing costs are minimized. The use of these coating techniques, and especially multiple die slot coating, allows for many layers to be coated, with from three to fifty layers being readily possible. This offers a relatively inexpensive way of coating out a wide variety of layers, and especially the pigment materials needed for optically variable pigments, quickly and with high quality. The coating materials may be sols, polymers, composites, reactive mixtures and the like, including combinations of these materials. The properties of the optically variable pigment are determined by the composition, properties and thickness of the coated layers.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种通过将涂层涂覆到基材上并在涂布操作之后将涂层材料压裂成颜料颗粒形成光学变体颜料的新方法和由此制备的新型颜料。 诸如槽模涂布（特别是多槽模涂布），旋涂，弯液面涂布，幕涂等涂层技术已被证明是成功的。 优选地，使用多个模槽来单次涂覆多层，使得制造成本最小化。 使用这些涂覆技术，特别是多个模具槽涂层，允许涂覆许多层，其中三至五十层是容易实现的。 这提供了相对便宜的方式，可以快速且高质量地涂覆各种各样的层，特别是光学可变颜料所需的颜料。 涂层材料可以是溶胶，聚合物，复合材料，反应性混合物等，包括这些材料的组合。 光可变颜料的性质由涂层的组成，性质和厚度决定。
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公开(公告)号：US5962082A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US916753
申请日：1997-08-19
CPC分类号： B01J8/46 , B01J8/42 , G11B5/842 , G11B5/845 , H01F1/44 , B01J2219/0864 , B01J2219/089 , B01J2219/182
摘要： The present invention provides a process for adhering a liquid to a particulate substrate. The process comprises the steps of:a) providing an apparatus which can create an oscillating magnetic field within a chamber,b) providing particulate magnetic material within the chamber of said apparatus while said oscillating field is active,c) having in the chamber within the oscillating magnetic field a liquid coating material and a particulate substrate to be coated with said liquid,d) and having said magnetic field form a fluidized bed of at least said particulate magnetic material, said liquid coating material coating the surface of the particulate substrate, ande) optionally continuously collecting the coated particulate substrate.The particulate magnetic material may be added to the chamber before or after the magnetic field has been activated to oscillate. The field may be active when the magnetic particles are added, and the field may be activated only after the magnetic particles are present as a non-fluidized sedentary bed. The liquid may likewise be added at any time. The liquid coating material may be added before the field is activated, or after the field is activated. The liquid may be added before the magnetic particles are added, at the same time or after the magnetic particles are added. The magnetic particles may provide the only particulate surface onto which the liquid is to be coated, or separate particulates may be used along with the magnetic particulate materials. The magnetic particulates may be included along with the non-magnetic particulates in the final desired product, or the coated magnetic particles may be easily separated from the non-magnetic particles by magnetic filtering or screening. This process provides a significant benefit in a liquid coating process by reducing the potential for waste and allowing easy recycling of coating material.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种将液体粘附到颗粒基质上的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：a）提供能够在室内产生振荡磁场的设备，b）在所述振荡场有效时在所述设备的室内提供颗粒状磁性材料，c）在室内具有 振荡磁场是液体涂料和待涂覆所述液体的颗粒基质，d）并且具有所述磁场形成至少所述颗粒状磁性材料的流化床，所述液体涂覆材料涂覆在颗粒基材的表面上，以及 e）任选地连续收集涂覆的颗粒基材。 可以在磁场被激活以振荡之前或之后将颗粒状磁性材料添加到室中。 当添加磁性颗粒时，该场可能是有效的，并且只有当磁性颗粒作为非流动的久坐床存在时，该场才可被激活。 液体也可以随时加入。 液体涂层材料可以在场被激活之前或者在激活场之后添加。 在添加磁性颗粒之前，可以在添加磁性颗粒的同时或之后添加液体。 磁性颗粒可以提供液体要被涂覆的唯一的颗粒表面，或者可以与磁性颗粒材料一起使用单独的颗粒。 可以将磁性颗粒与非磁性颗粒一起包含在最终期望的产物中，或者通过磁性过滤或筛选可以容易地将涂覆的磁性颗粒与非磁性颗粒分离。 该方法通过降低废物的可能性并允许涂料的容易回收，在液体涂覆过程中提供了显着的益处。
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44.发明授权Method of making a coated abrasive article comprising precisely shaped abrasive composites 失效制造包括精确成形的磨料复合材料的涂覆磨料制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5690705A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US673456
申请日：1996-06-24
申请人： Gary L. Holmes , Scott R. Culler , David H. Hardy , William A. Hendrickson , Thomas P. Klun , Kimberly K. Harmon , Robert V. Heiti , Kathryn M. Spurgeon , Charles J. Studiner, III
发明人： Gary L. Holmes , Scott R. Culler , David H. Hardy , William A. Hendrickson , Thomas P. Klun , Kimberly K. Harmon , Robert V. Heiti , Kathryn M. Spurgeon , Charles J. Studiner, III
CPC分类号： B24D18/00 , B24D11/00 , B24D3/28 , C09K3/1409 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/2438 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/24421 , Y10T428/2982 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2998 , Y10T442/198 , Y10T442/2115
摘要： Precisely shaped composites and methods for making these composites are disclosed. The method of this invention comprises the steps of: (a) providing a production tool having a plurality of cavities; (b) providing a dispensing means capable of introducing a binder precursor comprising a thermosetting resin into the cavities; (c) providing a means, within a curing zone, for at least partially curing the binder precursor; (d) introducing the binder precursor into at least a portion of at least two of the cavities; (e) continuously moving the production tool through the curing zone to at least partially cure the binder precursor to provide a solidified, handleable binder; (f) removing the binder from said at least one cavity; and (g) converting the binder into precisely shaped composites. Steps (f) and (g) can be conducted simultaneously. The composites are bonded to a backing to form a coated abrasive article.
摘要翻译： 公开了精确成型的复合材料和制备这些复合材料的方法。 本发明的方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供具有多个空腔的生产工具; （b）提供能够将包含热固性树脂的粘合剂前体引入所述空腔中的分配装置; （c）提供在固化区内至少部分固化粘合剂前体的装置; （d）将粘合剂前体引入至少两个空腔的至少一部分中; （e）将生产工具连续地移动通过固化区，至少部分地固化粘合剂前体以提供固化的可处理粘合剂; （f）从所述至少一个腔去除所述粘合剂; 和（g）将粘合剂转化成精确成形的复合材料。 步骤（f）和（g）可以同时进行。 复合材料结合到背衬上以形成涂覆的磨料制品。
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45.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5191101A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US799046
申请日：1991-11-26
摘要： An energy polymerizable composition and process therefore, comprising a cationically polymerizable material and a catalytically effective amount of an ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation as polymerization initiator, said ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation being capable of adding an intermediate strengeth nucleophile or upon photolysis capable of liberating at least one coordination site, said metal in said organometallic complex cation being selected from elements of Periodic Groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIIIB are disclosed. Certain of the organometallic metallic polymerization initiators are novel cationic salts.
摘要翻译： 因此，能量可聚合组合物和方法包括阳离子可聚合材料和催化有效量的作为聚合引发剂的有机金属络合物阳离子的离子盐，所述有机金属配合物阳离子的离子盐能够加入中间体亲核试剂或光解 能够释放至少一个配位点，所述有机金属络合物阳离子中的所述金属选自周期表IVB，VB，VIB，VIIB和VIIIB的元素。 某些有机金属金属聚合引发剂是新型阳离子盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5106533A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US669884
申请日：1991-03-14
申请人： William A. Hendrickson , Robin E. Wright , Richard C. Allen , James A. Baker , William M. Lamanna
发明人： William A. Hendrickson , Robin E. Wright , Richard C. Allen , James A. Baker , William M. Lamanna
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B01F3/04439 , B01F3/06 , C09B67/0069 , C09B67/0091 , C09C3/006 , C09D17/00 , B01F2013/1052 , B01F2215/005 , C01P2002/84 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2004/10 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80
摘要： A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.The method of the invention comprises the steps of vaporizing a pigment or pigment precursor in the presence of a nonreactive gas stream to provide ultrafine pigment or pigment percursor particles, when pigment precursor particles are present, providing a second gas capable of reacting with said ultrafine pigment precursor particles and reacting said second gas with said ultrafine pigment precursor particles to provide ultrafine pigment particles, transporting said ultrafine pigment particles in said gas stream to a dispersing medium, to provide a dispersion of pigment particles in said medium.
摘要翻译： 一种分散体及其方法，其中分散体具有组合物A或B，其中A是包含分散在有机介质中的平均尺寸小于0.1微米的颜料颗粒的非水分散体，B是包含某些类别的无机 分散在水性介质中的平均粒度小于0.1微米的颜料颗粒，其中所述类别的无机颜料颗粒选自金属氧化物和金属盐。 本发明的方法包括以下步骤：在存在无反应性气流的情况下，使颜料或颜料前体蒸发以提供超细颜料或颜料质量粒子，当存在颜料前体颗粒时，提供能够与所述超细颜料反应的第二气体 前体颗粒并使所述第二气体与所述超细颜料前体颗粒反应以提供超细颜料颗粒，将所述气流中的所述超细颜料颗粒输送到分散介质中，以提供颜料颗粒在所述介质中的分散体。
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公开(公告)号：US5030669A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US524665
申请日：1990-05-15
申请人： William A. Hendrickson , Robin E. Wright , Richard C. Allen , James A. Baker , William M. Lamanna
发明人： William A. Hendrickson , Robin E. Wright , Richard C. Allen , James A. Baker , William M. Lamanna
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B01F3/04439 , B01F3/06 , C09B67/0069 , C09B67/0091 , C09C3/006 , C09D17/00 , B01F2013/1052 , B01F2215/005 , C01P2002/84 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2004/10 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80 , Y10S516/924
摘要： A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.The method of the invention comprises the steps of vaporizing a pigment or pigment precursor in the presence of a nonreactive gas stream to provide ultrafine pigment or pigment precursor particles, when pigment precursor particles are present, providing a second gas capable of reacting with said ultrafine pigment precursor particles and reacting said second gas with said ultrafine pigment precursor particles to provide ultrafine pigment particles, transporting said ultrafine pigment particles in said gas stream to a dispersing medium, to provide a dispersion of pigment particles in said medium.
摘要翻译： 一种分散体及其方法，其中分散体具有组合物A或B，其中A是包含分散在有机介质中的平均尺寸小于0.1微米的颜料颗粒的非水分散体，B是包含某些类别的无机 分散在水性介质中的平均粒度小于0.1微米的颜料颗粒，其中所述类别的无机颜料颗粒选自金属氧化物和金属盐。 本发明的方法包括以下步骤：在存在无反应性气流的情况下，使颜料或颜料前体蒸发以提供超细颜料或颜料前体颗粒，当存在颜料前体颗粒时，提供能够与所述超细颜料反应的第二气体 前体颗粒并使所述第二气体与所述超细颜料前体颗粒反应以提供超细颜料颗粒，将所述气流中的所述超细颜料颗粒输送到分散介质中，以提供颜料颗粒在所述介质中的分散体。
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公开(公告)号：US4568598A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-04
申请号：US666491
申请日：1984-10-30
IPC分类号： G03C1/76 , B05D3/04 , B29C59/14 , B32B7/02 , C08J7/00 , C23C14/02 , G11B5/73 , G11B5/735 , G11B5/84 , B32B3/30 , C23C14/00
CPC分类号： C23C14/022 , B05D3/0446 , B29C59/14 , G11B5/735 , G11B5/8404 , Y10T428/24355 , Y10T428/24471
摘要： A reduced friction composite sheet construction comprises a semicrystalline polymeric sheet support having a first and second surface, said surfaces having in the range of 5 to 99 percent crystalline polymeric material and 1 to 95 percent amorphous polymeric material, said first surface having been subjected to sputter-etching which preferentially ablates said amorphous material compared to said crystalline material so as to provide on said first surface ridges or needles of amplitude in the range of 0.01 to 5.0 micrometers, and a separation at their apexes in the range of 0.01 to 1.0 micrometers and having an aspect ratio in the range of 0.5 to 7, said first surface having at least one of static and dynamic coefficients of friction in the range of 0.01 to 0.7, and at least one functional layer coated on said second surface of said support.
摘要翻译： 减摩擦复合片材构造包括具有第一和第二表面的半结晶聚合物片材支撑体，所述表面具有5至99％的结晶聚合物材料和1至95％的无定形聚合物材料，所述第一表面已经被溅射 - 与所述结晶材料相比优先烧蚀所述非晶材料，以便在所述第一表面上提供幅度在0.01至5.0微米范围内的脊或针，并且其顶点在0.01至1.0微米范围内的分离，以及 具有0.5至7范围内的纵横比，所述第一表面具有在0.01至0.7范围内的静摩擦系数和动态摩擦系数中的至少一个，以及涂覆在所述支撑件的所述第二表面上的至少一个功能层。
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