摘要:
A mark used in the determination of overlay error comprises sub-features, the sub-features having a smallest pitch approximately equal to the smallest pitch of the product features. The sensitivity to distortions and aberrations is similar as that for the product features. When the mark is developed the sub-features merge and the outline of the larger feature is developed.
摘要:
A power-down mode control apparatus includes an internal power-down control block configured to receive a locking completion signal and to generate an internal power-down signal, which is toggled for a predetermined time; a noise check block configured to check occurrence/non-occurrence of noise on the basis of a phase detection signal and to generate a plurality of power-down selection signals in response to the locking completion signal and the internal power-down signal; and a power-down enter control block configured to generate a plurality of power-down enter signals, which instruct individual circuits to enter a power-down mode in response to a reference clock signal, the plurality of power-down selection signals, a power-down mode signal, and the internal power-down signal.
摘要:
A delay locked loop (DLL) circuit includes a first delay control unit configured to generate a first delay control signal in response to a first phase detection signal to control a delay amount of a first delay line and to output a first delay amount information signal, a second delay control unit configured to generate a second delay control signal in response to a second phase detection signal to control a delay amount of a second delay line and to output a second delay amount information signal, and to control the delay amount of the second delay line again in response to the first delay control signal and a half cycle information signal, a half cycle detecting unit configured to receive the first delay amount information signal and the second delay amount information signal to extract half cycle information of a reference clock signal, thereby generating the half cycle information signal, and a duty cycle correcting unit configured to combine an output clock signal from the first delay line and an output clock signal from the second delay line, thereby outputting a duty ratio correction clock signal.
摘要:
A power-down mode control apparatus includes an internal power-down control block configured to receive a locking completion signal and to generate an internal power-down signal, which is toggled for a predetermined time; a noise check block configured to check occurrence/non-occurrence of noise on the basis of a phase detection signal and to generate a plurality of power-down selection signals in response to the locking completion signal and the internal power-down signal; and a power-down enter control block configured to generate a plurality of power-down enter signals, which instruct individual circuits to enter a power-down mode in response to a reference clock signal, the plurality of power-down selection signals, a power-down mode signal, and the internal power-down signal.
摘要:
A substrate stage for an immersion type lithographic apparatus is arranged to project a patterned radiation beam from a patterning device onto a substrate, the substrate stage being constructed to hold the substrate and including at least a sensor for sensing the patterned radiation beam, the sensor including an at least partially transmissive layer having a front side facing the incoming radiation beam and a back side opposite the front side, wherein the back side is provided with at least a sensor mark to be subjected to the radiation beam transmitted through the layer.
摘要:
Disclosed is an uplink random access procedure in an NB-TDD (Narrow Band Time Division Duplexing) system. To achieve an acknowledgement for data transmission from a UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network), a UE selects one of a plurality of sync codes by which the UTRAN identifies UEs that request data transmission and transmits the selected sync code in a time slot of a sub-frame to the UTRAN. Then, the UE receives the sync code information, information about the arrival time of the sync code, time update information indicating a variation in the transmission time of data, and power information indicating an adjustment to a power gain in the UE from the UTRAN on an FPACH (Fast Physical Access Channel). The UE transmits the data on a P-RACH (Physical Random Access Channel) mapped from the FPACH according to the time update information and the power information.
摘要:
Disclosed is a base pad of polishing pad, which is used in conjunction with polishing slurry during a chemical-mechanical polishing or planarizing process, and a multilayer pad using the same. Since the base pad according to the present invention does not have fine pores, it is possible to prevent permeation of polishing slurry and water and to avoid non uniformity of physical properties. Thereby, it is possible to lengthen the lifetime of the polishing pad.
摘要:
A delay locked loop (DLL) device includes a first and a second input buffers for receiving an external clock, a multiplexer for selectively outputting a first and a second internal clocks based on a most significant bit (MSB) signal, a delay means for delaying the first and the second internal clock which is selected by the multiplexer, a phase detector for comparing a phase of the first internal clock with that of a feedback clock which is feedbacked from the delay means to thereby output a comparing signal, a low pass filter (LPF) mode generator for outputting a locking signal, which checks a locking state of the feedback clock based on the comparing signal and a first and a second control signals, to the delay means, and a low pass filter for receiving the comparing signal to inform whether or not the comparing signal is erroneous to the delay means.
摘要:
A DLL for reducing jitter during a high frequency operation by separately controlling a coarse delay and a fine delay. The DLL includes a multiplexing unit for selectively outputting one of the rising clock and the falling clock; a first delay line for generating a first internal clock and a second internal clock; a second delay line for generating a first clock and a second clock; a delay line control unit for controlling the second delay line; a phase control unit for generating a first DLL clock and a second DLL clock by mixing the first clock and the second clock; and a phase comparing unit for comparing the first DLL clock and the second DLL clock with the rising clock to generate a lock signal for controlling an operation timing of the first delay line and the second delay line.
摘要:
Disclosed is an apparatus for encoding k consecutive inputs indicating a TFCI (Transport Format Combination Indicator) of each of successively transmitted frames into a sequence of m symbols in an NB-TDD (Narrowband-Time Division Duplex) mobile communication system. An encoder encodes the k input bits into a sequence of at least 2n symbols where 2n>m, using an extended Reed-Muller code from a Kasami sequence. A puncturer performs puncturing on the sequence of 2n symbols from the encoder so as to output a sequence of m symbols.