Abstract:
A method of converting C2 and/or higher alkanes to olefins by contacting a feedstock containing C2 and/or higher alkanes with a first surface of a metal composite membrane of a sintered homogenous mixture of an Al oxide or stabilized or partially stabilized Zr oxide ceramic powder and a metal powder of one or more of Pd, Nb, V, Zr, Ta and/or alloys or mixtures thereof. The alkanes dehydrogenate to olefins by contact with the first surface with substantially only atomic hydrogen from the dehydrogenation of the alkanes passing through the metal composite membrane. Apparatus for effecting the conversion and separation is also disclosed.
Abstract translation:将C 2 H 2和/或更高级烷烃转化成烯烃的方法是将含C 2 H 2和/或更高级烷烃的原料与金属复合膜的第一表面 Al氧化物或稳定的或部分稳定的Zr氧化物陶瓷粉末和Pd,Nb,V,Zr,Ta和/或其合金或其混合物中的一种或多种的金属粉末的均匀混合物。 烷烃通过与通过金属复合膜的烷烃的脱氢基本上仅与原子氢接触而与第一表面接触而脱氢成烯烃。 还公开了用于实现转换和分离的装置。
Abstract:
A container (1) for releasing a chemical additive (7) in a fluid material selected from a lubricant or hydraulic fluid composition comprises a fluid material-impermeable casing (3) having a hollow interior and an additive composition (7) comprising at least one fluid material-soluble additive. The additive (7) is held within the container (1) by a least one fluid material-permeable element (11) provided at or near an opening (13) in the casing (1) and is effective to provide for release of additive(s) (7) into the fluid material. Methods of releasing additives (7) into fluid material are also provided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, more specifically to a device and a method for supplying fuel to the anode of a direct alcohol fuel cell. Said device comprises a fuel accumulator in which the fuel is stored, and a flow-through device provided with a wall at least partially consisting of a membrane that is permeable to the fuel. Said flow-through device is used to guide a mixture of a carrier constituent and the fuel through the fuel accumulator, and the concentration of fuel in the mixture is increased by the diffusion of fuel through the permeable membrane.
Abstract:
A gas generation system includes a reservoir for a reactant, a compressor configured to pressurize the reactant in the reservoir using an operating medium delivered into the reservoir, a gas generation component fed with the reactant using a reactant feed line, and a metering element disposed in the reactant feed line between the reservoir and the gas generation component. In addition, a method for operating a gas generation system includes controlling the delivery of compressed operating medium so as to maintain a pressure in the reservoir at a level corresponding to a pressure of the reactant downstream of the reservoir and metering the reactant in a feed line between the reservoir and the gas generation component.
Abstract:
A method of converting C2 and/or higher alkanes to olefins by contacting a feedstock containing C2 and/or higher alkanes with a first surface of a metal composite membrane of a sintered homogenous mixture of an Al oxide or stabilized or partially stabilized Zr oxide ceramic powder and a metal powder of one or more of Pd, Nb, V, Zr, Ta and/or alloys or mixtures thereof. The alkanes dehydrogenate to olefins by contact with the first surface with substantially only atomic hydrogen from the dehydrogenation of the alkanes passing through the metal composite membrane. Apparatus for effecting the conversion and separation is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A system for abating undesired component(s) from a gas stream containing same, such as halocompounds, acid gases, silanes, ammonia, etc., by scrubbing of the effluent gas stream with an aqueous scrubbing medium. Halocompounds, such as fluorine, fluorides, perfluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, may be scrubbed in the presence of a reducing agent, e.g., sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide, or potassium iodide. In one embodiment, the scrubbing system includes a first acid gas scrubbing unit operated in cocurrent gas/liquid flow, and a second nullpolishingnull unit operated in countercurrent gas/liquid flow, to achieve high removal efficiency with low consumption of water. The scrubbing system may utilize removable insert beds of packing material, packaged in a foraminous containment structure. The abatement system of the invention has particular utility in the treatment of semiconductor manufacturing process effluents.
Abstract:
A system for abating undesired component(s) from a gas stream containing same, such as halocompounds, acid gases, silanes, ammonia, etc., by scrubbing of the effluent gas stream with an aqueous scrubbing medium. Halocompounds, such as fluorine, fluorides, perfluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, may be scrubbed in the presence of a reducing agent, e.g., sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide, or potassium iodide. In one embodiment, the scrubbing system includes a first acid gas scrubbing unit operated in cocurrent gas/liquid flow, and a second “polishing” unit operated in countercurrent gas/liquid flow, to achieve high removal efficiency with low consumption of water. The scrubbing system may utilize removable insert beds of packing material, packaged in a foraminous containment structure. The abatement system of the invention has particular utility in the treatment of semiconductor manufacturing process effluents.
Abstract:
A continuous process for removing oxygen from aqueous monomer solutions, including flowing an inert gas and a monomer solution in a column-shaped apparatus as a countercurrent, wherein the monomer solution is added at the head of the apparatus, flows through the apparatus as a liquid column, and is withdrawn slightly above the bottom, at least one section of the liquid column is mixed in radial flow direction and in a turbulent fashion, and the at least one section of the liquid column is mixed using at least one stirring element which is one of a turbine disk and a dispersing disk.
Abstract:
To ensure a performance-based regulation of a fuel cell, the use of fuel-mixtures with a defined flow is required. Mixtures of this type are formed by pumping water through a hollow body, which, at least in certain sections, has a wall formed of porous material. The fuel is pumped into a chamber on the other side of the porous wall, at a defined flow rate. As a result of the pressure difference, the fuel permeates the porous wall over its entire surface into the water flowing past on the other side of said porous wall, thus creating a homogeneous mixture. In the corresponding device, at least certain segments of the hollow body have a porous wall. A device of this type is preferably used in direct methanol fuel cells, for which the operating temperature and the operating pressure can be predefined.
Abstract:
A gas generation system includes a reservoir for a reactant used in a gas generation, a compressor configured to pressurize the reactant in the reservoir using an operating medium delivered into the reservoir, a gas generation component fed with the reactant using a reactant feed line, and a metering element disposed in the reactant feed line between the reservoir and the gas generation component. In addition, a method for operating a gas generation system that includes compressing an operating medium, delivering at least a first portion of the compressed operating medium to a reservoir so as to pressurize a reactant in the reservoir, controlling the delivery of the compressed operating medium so as to maintain a pressure in the reservoir at a level corresponding to a pressure of the reactant downstream from the reservoir, metering the reactant in a feed line between the reservoir and a gas generation component, and delivering the reactant to the gas generation component.