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    Separation of nitroalkanes and alkanes by codistilling with methanol
    41.
    发明授权
    Separation of nitroalkanes and alkanes by codistilling with methanol 失效
    通过用甲醇进行CODISTILLING分离硝基和烷烃

    公开(公告)号：US3480516A

    公开(公告)日：1969-11-25

    申请号：US3480516D

    申请日：1968-08-26

    Applicant: COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORP

    Inventor： TINDALL JOHN B

    IPC: C07C7/06 ,  C07C201/16 ,  B01D3/14 ,  C07C79/14

    CPC classification number: C07C205/02 ,  C07C7/06 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C9/14

    Abstract: 1,218,706. Separation of nitroalkanes and alkanes. COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORP. 9 July, 1969 [26 Aug., 1968], No. 34622/69. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C5] A mixture of one or more nitroalkanes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and one or more alkanes (including cycloalkanes) having 5 to 9 carbon atoms is separated by (a) adding methanol to the mixture in an amount sufficient to initiate co-distillation with the alkane or alkanes when said mixture is heated, (b) heating and codistilling the alkane-methanol thereby effecting separation of the alkane or alkanes and producing a residue of nitroalkane or nitroalkanes and methanol, and (c) separating the methanol from the nitroalkane or nitroalkanes. The alkanemethanol distillate may be condensed into two layers, and the lower methanol layer returned to the distillation unit until alkane no longer comes over in the distillate. The upper alkane is suitable for re-use without further treatment or it can be freed from methanol by distillation or washing with water.

    Inclusion resins of cyclodextrin and methods of use
    42.
    发明授权
    Inclusion resins of cyclodextrin and methods of use 失效
    环糊精的包含树脂和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US3420788A

    公开(公告)日：1969-01-07

    申请号：US3420788D

    申请日：1965-04-20

    Applicant: AFICO SA

    Inventor： SOLMS JURG

    IPC: A23L27/00 ,  B01J20/22 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C08B31/00 ,  C08B37/16 ,  C08L5/16 ,  C08B19/00 ,  B01D15/00 ,  C08F29/50

    CPC classification number: C08B37/0012 ,  A23L27/72 ,  A23L27/74 ,  A23L27/75 ,  B01J20/22 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C08B31/00 ,  C08L5/16 ,  C08L2666/02 ,  C07C205/22

    Abstract: Congo red is removed from an aqueous solution thereof by immersing in the solution an inclusion resin made by cross-linking cyclodextrin with epichlorohydrin. The congo red is absorbed on the resin.ALSO:A water-insoluble inclusion resin, having the property of forming inclusion complexes with organic and inorganic substances, is based on cyclodextrin. The resin may be made by cross-linking alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins with e.g. epichlorohydrin, dichlorohydrin, diepoxybutane, diepoxy-propyl ether, ethylene glycol diepoxy-propyl ether or formaldehyde, or by embedding the cyclodextrin in a water-insoluble polymer such as polyamide, polyvinyl acetal, epoxy resin, nitrocellulose, acetyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polyacrylate or polymethacrylate. Cross-linking may be effected in acid or alkaline, aqueous or non-aqueous media depending upon the reagents and the properties desired in the product, and may be carried out under an inert gas. Embedding the cyclodextrin may be carried out by dispersing it in a solution of polymer, and then removing the solvent, or by polymerizing a monomer containing dispersed cyclodextrin. The inclusion resin may be subjected to further modification. For example, the resin may be oxidized, with conversion of secondary hydroxyl groups to aldehyde groups, and the oxidized resin then treated with hydroxylamine to form oxime-type products, or reduced by sodium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride, or further oxidized to form carboxyl groups. In examples (1) cyclodextrin is cross-linked by epichlorohydrin; (2) cyclodextrin is cross-linked by formaldehyde; (3) a dispersion of cyclodextrin in an acetone solution of acetyl cellulose is evaporated. In further examples, the inclusion resins are used to remove Congo red, o-nitrophenol, and benzaldehyde from aqueous solutions thereof, and to separate mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds. Example 11 relates to the oxidation ofcyclodextrin cross-linked by epichlorohydrin by periodate to form a dialdehyde derivative.ALSO:An inclusion resin made by cross-linking cyclodextrin with epichlorohydrin is used to separate (1) o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol; (2) phenylalanine and tryptophane; (3) p-nitrophenol, or o-nitrophenol or benzaldehyde from aqueous solutions thereof. Mixtures (1) and (2) are eluted from a column of the inclusion resin, one component being preferentially absorbed, while the organic compounds (3) are absorbed on powdered resin immersed in the aqueous solutions.

    Process for purification of nitromethane
    48.
    发明授权
    Process for purification of nitromethane 失效
    纯化硝基甲烷的方法

    公开(公告)号：US3211630A

    公开(公告)日：1965-10-12

    申请号：US37108564

    申请日：1964-05-28

    Applicant: COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORP

    Inventor： TINDALL JOHN B

    IPC: C07C201/16

    CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/02

    Abstract: Nitromethane is recovered from mixtures with higher nitroalkanes by adding to said mixtures sufficient water and C6- 8 alkane or cycloalkane to form an azeotropic mixture with said nitromethane, and heating the mixture to distil off said azeotrope. The said azeotrope condenses into three layers, the lowest of which contains the nitromethane with minor amounts of water and alkane. The water and alkane may be removed by further distillation up to 101.5 DEG C.

    Abstract translation: 通过向所述混合物中加入足够的水和C 6 -C 8烷烃或环烷烃以与所述硝基甲烷形成共沸混合物，并加热混合物以蒸馏所述共沸物，从具有较高硝基烷烃的混合物中回收硝基甲烷。 所述共沸物冷凝成三层，其中最低含有少量水和烷烃的硝基甲烷。 水和烷烃可以通过进一步蒸馏除去至101.5℃。

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