摘要:
A surface-coated cutting tool member includes a tungsten carbide based cemented carbide substrate, a titanium carbonitride based cermet substrate, or a cubic boron nitride based sintered substrate; and a hard coating layer of a nitride compound containing aluminum and titanium, formed on a surface of the substrate using a physical vapor deposition method in an overall average thickness of 1 to 15 μm. The hard coating layer has a component concentration profile in which maximum aluminum containing points and minimum aluminum containing points appear alternatingly and repeatedly at a distance from 0.01 to 0.1 μm in a direction of thickness of the hard coating layer. The amount of contained aluminum (or titanium) is changed from the maximum aluminum containing points to the minimum aluminum containing points. The maximum aluminum containing points satisfy a formula: (AlXTi1−X)N, wherein X is between 0.70 to 0.95. The minimum aluminum containing points satisfy a formula: (AlYTi1−Y)N, wherein Y is between 0.40 to 0.65.
摘要翻译:表面涂覆的切削工具构件包括碳化钨基硬质合金基板,碳氮化钛基金属陶瓷基板或立方氮化硼基烧结基板; 以及使用物理气相沉积法在基板的表面上形成1〜15μm的整体平均厚度的含有铝和钛的氮化物的硬涂层。 硬涂层具有成分浓度分布,其中最大含铝点和最小含铝点在硬涂层的厚度方向上以0.01至0.1μm的距离交替重复出现。 所含铝(或钛)的含量从最大含铝量变为最低含铝量。 最大含铝量满足以下公式:(Al x X Ti 1-X N)N,其中X在0.70至0.95之间。 最小含铝量满足下列公式:其中Y在0.40至0.65之间(Al 1 Y 1 Ti 1-Y N)N。
摘要:
A cutting tool made of surface-coated cemented carbide having the hard coating layer formed on the surface of a cemented carbide substrate, wherein the hard coating layer has a top layer and a bottom layer, the top layer includes a structure having the thin layer A and the thin layer B being stacked alternately, with the thin layer A having the composition of [Ti1-(A+B)AlASiB]N (A is in a range from 0.01 to 0.06 and B is in a range from 0.25 to 0.35 in an atomic ratio) and the thin layer B having the composition of [Ti1-(C+D)AlCSiD]N (C is in a range from 0.30 to 0.45 and D is in a range from 0.10 to 0.15), and the bottom layer comprises single phase structure having the composition of [Ti1-(E+F)AlESiF]N (E is in a range from 0.50 to 0.60 and F is in a range from 0.01 to 0.09).
摘要翻译:一种由表面涂覆的硬质合金制成的切削工具,其中硬质涂层形成在硬质合金基体的表面上,其中硬涂层具有顶层和底层,顶层包括具有薄层A 并且薄层B交替堆叠,薄层A的组成为[Ti 1-(A + B)> Al sub> B u> N(A为0.01〜0.06的范围,B为原子比为0.25〜0.35的范围),具有[Ti 1〜(C + D)]的组成的薄层B, N(C在0.30〜0.45的范围内,D在0.10〜0.15的范围内),底层 包括具有[Ti 1 - (E + F) - Al C 1 F N] N的组成的单相结构(E在一个范围内 0.50至0.60,F在0.01至0.09的范围内)。
摘要:
When transmitting an instruction for activating an immobilizer function to a subject vehicle, a base station also transmits a given ID code for releasing the immobilizer function. An immobilizer ECU that receives the instruction and the given ID code, prohibits an engine from being started by other than a key having the given ID code. Therefore, a regular user alone, who owns a key having the given ID code, can start the engine.
摘要:
A method of extracting liposoluble components contained in microbial cells, including the steps of drying microbial cells containing liposoluble components, descructing and molding the resultant dry microbial cells by use of an extruder, particularly a twin screw extruder, and extracting the contained liposoluble component by use of an organic solvent. According to the present method, liposoluble components contained in cells can be extracted and recovered with enhanced efficiency, within short time, and with safety.
摘要:
To provide a process for producing a carbohydrate or a glycoconjugate without forming any hydrolytic product of the remodeled sugar chain.A process for producing a carbohydrate or a glycoconjugate by a remodeling reaction in the presence of a glycosidase which performs the remodeling reaction in an aqueous medium containing a water-soluble ketone and/or dioxane. Examples of the glycosidase include endoglycosidases such as Endo-A. Examples of the ketone include acetone.
摘要:
A paper transport mechanism is used in an image forming apparatus in which a toner image formed on a surface of a photosensitive member is transferred by an image transfer voltage generated by an image transfer unit onto paper which has been fed from a paper storage up to the photosensitive member through a paper path. The paper transport mechanism is provided with a first roller having a width not smaller than a maximum width of the paper stored in the paper storage, a group of second rollers aligned along the first roller for gripping the paper therebetween and transporting it toward the photosensitive member, each of the second rollers having a small width, and a non-undulation guide member provided immediately upstream of the first and second rollers for pressing the paper passing through the paper path against the first roller, the non-undulation guide member having a width not smaller than the maximum paper width. The paper fed from the paper storage is pressed against the first roller across the full paper width before the first and second rollers grip the paper. The paper is transported toward the photosensitive member without taking a wavy form so that the whole area of the paper comes into close contact with the photosensitive member. This helps prevent print image dropouts which may otherwise occur in a toner image transfer process.
摘要:
Uniformly sized, fine particles of a polymer are produced by:(1) mixing (B) a nonionic-organic compound being liquid at room temperature, having a solubility in water at 25.degree. C. of 0.01 wt. % or larger and being compatible with (A) an oil-soluble, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, with the monomer (A) in an amount of 0.5 to 300 wt. % based on the monomer (A),(2) then adding the mixture of (A) and (B) to an aqueous dispersion of (C) particles of a seed polymer so as to make the mixture of (A) and (B) absorb onto the paricles (C) and(3) polymerizing the mixture of (A), (B) and (C) in the presence of an oil-soluble initiator for the polymerization to obtain said uniformly sized, fine particles.
摘要:
Pretreatment apparatus and process for analysis of sugar, the apparatus including a mechanical work hand which moves a vial containing a sample to various stations where reagents are added to the vial and where other pretreatment processes are performed on the sample. The pretreatment apparatus automatically controls the movement of the vial from one station to another and the various processes performed at each station, the processes including removal and storage of the vial's cap, addition of reagents into the vial, centrifugation and heating of the sample, and evaporation of excess reagents.
摘要:
The present invention provides a highly sensitive and highly durable electrophotographic photoconductor providing a conductive support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon, the photosensitive layer comprising a bis-enamine compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein "A" is a C.sub.6-12 arylene group which may have a substituent, a bivalent heterocyclic reside which may have a substituent, a C.sub.2-4 lower alkylene group which may have a substituent; "B" is a lower dialkylamino group, a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; and k is an integer from 1 to 5 provided that when k is an integer of 2 or more, "B" may be identifcal or different, may together form a ring; and n is an integer from 2 to 4. The electrophotographic photoconductor according to this invention is excellent in stability resisting fluctuations in temperature and humidity, high in electric chargeability, almost free from reduction in photosensitivity in repetitive use and also free from deterioration in image quality such as defection in toner images.
摘要:
A document is conveyed by switching the direction in which the document is conveyed to a forward direction or a reverse direction by a document conveying section, thereby to make a plurality of copies from the same document. An image forming operation with illuminating and scanning by a light source is performed when the document is conveyed in the forward direction. A copy image is formed on rolled-paper suitably cut by a cutter. In a case where a plurality of copies are made, when the document is conveyed in the forward direction so as to make the first copy, the time elapsed from the start of the copying operation until the synchro sensor senses a rear end of the document is measured. The time measured is stored in a memory. The timing at which the rolled-paper is cut in operations of making the second and subsequent copies is set on the basis of the time stored in the memory. This construction makes it possible to make the lengths of copy paper sheets obtained by cutting the rolled-paper equal to each other when a plurality of copies are made.