摘要:
An image processing apparatus is provided with a binarization processing unit separately from a pseudo gradation processing unit that binarizes image data of a document image according to an error diffusion method. The binarization processing unit binarizes the image data of the document image using a threshold that is set higher than a threshold used by the pseudo gradation processing unit, with each threshold representing a different predetermined density level. Histograms showing the density distribution of the document image are generated from the image data binarized by the binarization processing unit. The orientation of the document image is recognized by the histograms.
摘要:
An ignition time controller for an internal combustion engine is provided for setting an ignition time such that it can rapidly converge to an appropriate value in accordance with a change in intake characteristics associated with a change in cam phase in either of a uniform combustion mode and a stratified combustion mode in a direct injection type internal combustion engine having a cam phase changing mechanism. The ignition time controller comprises a required torque determining unit for determining a required torque outputted by the internal combustion engine based on an engine rotational speed and an accelerator opening, a fuel injection time determining unit for determining a time at which a fuel is injected into a cylinder, a basic ignition time determining unit for determining a basic ignition time based on the engine rotational speed and the required torque in the uniform combustion mode and based on the engine rotational speed and the fuel injection time in the stratified combustion mode, and a basic ignition time correcting unit for correcting the basic ignition time in accordance with a cam phase deviation between an actual cam phase and a target cam phase.
摘要:
An image processing apparatus includes an imput section for inputting image data, a discriminating section for discriminating a process to which the image data should be subjected, and a display for displaying an image represented by the image data when the discriminating section fails in the discrimination. The apparatus further includes an interface for receiving information inputted by an operator and being relevant to the process to which the image should be subjected, and an image processing section for processing the image data according to a result of discrimination of the discriminating section and the information inputted via the interface. Through the above apparatus, by supplementing the discrimination as to whether or not to process the image data by human determination, processing of the image data is reliably executed.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus records an image on a recording medium after correcting a slant of the image according to a type of document sheet or an operating history of the image forming apparatus. Normally, a slant of the document sheet is corrected by bringing one edge of the sheet in contact with a document scale provided on a document platform. When the sheet is of thin paper or sheets of different sizes are mixed, an image signal obtained by scanning a document image is electrically processed so as to correct a slant of an image to be recorded. When the image signal is electrically processed so as to correct the slant of the image to be recorded, the correction of image slant may be based also on the operating history of the image forming apparatus, for example, the total number of sheets transported, the number of times a paper jam has occurred or the cumulative value of the slant angle of the image.
摘要:
Provided is a defroster nozzle 4 which blows out air to an inner surface of a windshield 2 of a vehicle 1. The defroster nozzle 4 includes center-duct 45 forming member 41 and two end-portion-duct forming members 50. The center-duct 45 forming member 41 forms a center duct through which the air circulates, and has a center ventilation outlet 47 through which the air in the center duct is blown out to the inner surface of the windshield 2. The two end-portion-duct 54 forming members 50 are coupled respectively to two joint end portions 42, on outer sides in the vehicle width direction, of the center-duct forming member 41. Each end-portion-duct forming member 50 forms an end-portion duct which communicates with the center duct, and each end-portion-duct forming member 50 has an end-portion ventilation outlet 55 through which the air in the end-portion duct is blown out to the inner surface of the windshield 2. Each of the end-portion-duct forming members 50 is coupled to the center-duct forming member 41 so as to be capable of tilting relative to the center-duct forming member 41.
摘要:
A construction machine capable of effectively reducing noise which would intrude into a cab, without deterioration in ride quality, comfort and air-conditioning efficiency in the cab is provided. The construction machine includes a lower propelling body, an upper slewing body including an upper frame, a cab including a floor plate and installed on the upper frame, and a cab noise reduction device. The cab noise reduction device includes: the floor plate; an under-cab member including a cab deck supporting the cab and provided under the cab to define a closed-form under-cab space whose periphery is substantially closed, in cooperation with the floor plate; and a resonator reducing noise in the under-cab space by a resonance effect.
摘要:
A hydraulic tubing support that reduces noise transmitted to an operator due to pulsation of hydraulic oil in a junction tube. The hydraulic tubing support structure includes a pair of left and right remote control valves for generating pilot pressures for the plurality of hydraulic actuators in response to an input operation performed on each operating lever, pump-side tubes and tank-side tubes respectively extending from the respective remote control valves, a junction tube for allowing communication of the tubes guided to below a floor plate through a through hole and communication of the tubes guided to below the floor plate through a through hole, and a middle reinforcement beam extending in a right-and-left direction and fixed to the lower surface of the floor plate. The junction tube is fixed to the middle reinforcement beam in a non-contact state with the floor plate.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for setting a sample observation condition and a method and apparatus for sample observation which allow sample observation by speedily and simply finding an optimum condition while suppressing damage to the sample are provided. The setting of a sample observation condition according to the present invention is realized by an electron beam apparatus acquiring a profile at a predetermined evaluation location of a sample under a reference observation condition, by a processing section judging whether or not the above described acquired profile is located within a predetermined setting range and setting an optimum observation condition to be used for sample observation based on this judgment result. More specifically, locations where the condition can be examined are registered beforehand first and then a jump is made to the corresponding location which is irradiated with an electron beam (hereinafter referred to as “predosing”) at a low magnification, the surface of the sample is charged, enlarged to an observation magnification and secondary electron information on the target location is obtained. After that, secondary electron information is obtained at any time while performing predosing, it is successively judged from the information whether the pattern bottom part can be observed/measured or whether or not the sample is destroyed and an optimum observation condition is thereby found.
摘要:
A power semiconductor module includes semiconductor elements of a first system constituting each of arms in a circuit of the first system, semiconductor elements of a second system constituting each of arms in a circuit of the second system, a plurality of DC electrode conductors including a common DC electrode conductor joined to the semiconductor elements of the first and second systems, and a plurality of AC electrode conductors joined to the respective semiconductor elements of the first and second systems. Each of the semiconductor elements of the first and second systems is interposed between the DC electrode conductor and AC electrode conductor.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a resistive element having a resistance characteristic not influenced by fluctuations in power supply voltage and a signal output circuit having a desired output impedance characteristic not influenced by fluctuations in power supply voltage. A constant current based on a reference voltage corresponding to a ground potential point is generated, and passed to a first resistive element whose one end is connected to a power supply voltage terminal. A voltage generated by the first resistive element is supplied to a first differential amplifier, whose output voltage is supplied to the gate of a first MOSFET whose source is connected to the power supply voltage terminal. A drain voltage to the first MOSFET is fed back to the first differential amplifier. A first current source is between the drain of the first MOSFET and the ground potential point. A second MOSFET is used as a resistive element.