摘要:
A process for the preparation of maleic anhydride by heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase oxidation in a reactor with feed for the reaction mixture at one end of the reactor and discharge of the product mixture at the opposite end of the reactor, and with devices for dissipating the heat of reaction which are arranged in the reactor interior and through which a heat-exchange medium flows and which are designed as heat-exchanger plates.
摘要:
In a process for the preparation of acrolein and/or acrylic acid from propane, the propane is subjected, in a first reaction stage, to an oxydehydrogenation with molecular oxygen under homogeneous and/or heterogeneous catalysis to give propene and the product gas mixture formed in the first reaction stage is then used for the preparation of acrolein and/or acrylic acid by gas-phase catalytic propene oxidation.
摘要:
A process for preparing acrylic acid and/or esters comprises the steps of: (a) catalytic gas phase oxidation of propene and/or acrolein to acrylic acid to obtain a gaseous reaction product comprising acrylic acid, (b) solvent absorption of the reaction product, (c) distillation of the solvent loaded with acrylic acid to obtain a crude acrylic acid and the solvent, (d) purification of the crude acrylic acid by crystallization and (e) optionally esterification of the crystalline acrylic acid.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for parallel preparation of hydrogen and one or more carbonaceous products, in which hydrocarbons are introduced into a reaction space (R) and decomposed thermally to carbon and hydrogen in the presence of carbon-rich pellets (W). It is a feature of the invention that at least a portion of the thermal energy required for the hydrocarbon decomposition is introduced into the reaction space (R) by means of a gaseous heat carrier.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyisocyanates from natural raw material sources, in which a composition comprising low molecular weight aromatics which comprise at least one hydroxy group or at least one alkoxy group per molecule (oxyaromatics) is produced from a biomass material, these oxyaromatics are converted into the corresponding aromatic amines and, optionally after condensation with formaldehyde, reacted further with phosgene to give compounds comprising isocyanate groups.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing low molecular weight aromatic materials of value from a lignin-comprising starting material produced from biomass.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon from a C1-C4-alkane, or a mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, which comprises a) bringing a feedstock stream A which comprises a C1-C4-alkane, or a mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, into contact with a catalyst and reacting a part of the C1-C4-alkane, or a part of the mixture of the C1-C4-alkanes, to form aromatic hydrocarbon(s); b) fractionating the product stream B resulting from step a) into a low-boiler stream C which comprises the majority of the hydrogen and of the unreacted C1-C4-alkane, or of the mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, and a high-boiler stream D, or a plurality of high-boiler streams D′, which stream or streams comprises or comprise the majority of the aromatic hydrocarbon formed; and c) feeding the low-boiler stream C to a further C1-C4-alkane-consuming method, if appropriate the hydrogen present in the low-boiler stream C being separated off in advance.
摘要:
A process for the continuous heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon in the gas phase and in the presence of molecular oxygen, in which part of the product gas is recirculated to the reaction zone, and a reactor for carrying out such a process.
摘要:
A process for the continuous gas-phase oxidation of C3- and C4-precursors to (meth)acrolein and/or (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor which has a feed for the reaction mixture at one reactor end and removal of the reaction mixture at the opposite reactor end and which is equipped with means, arranged in the interior of the reactor, for removing the heat of reaction, through which means a heat exchange composition flows and which means are in the form of heat exchanger plates, is proposed.
摘要:
A process for preparing maleic anhydride by oxidizing n-butane in the gas phase under heterogeneous catalysis with oxygen-containing gases over a vanadium-, phosphorus- and oxygen-containing catalyst in a reactor unit at a temperature in the range from 350 to 500° C., removing the maleic anhydride formed to form a gas stream which comprises unconverted n-butane and water and recycling at least a portion of the unconverted n-butane to the reactor unit, by feeding to the reactor unit an inlet stream having an n-butane concentration of from 0.5 to 1.5% by volume and an oxygen concentration of from 5 to 21% by volume, establishing a pressure at the inlet to the reactor unit of from 0.4 to 2 MPa abs, and converting from 40 to 100% of the n-butane from the inlet stream per reactor pass.