利索-全球专利检索

  1. 登录
  2. 注册

搜索结果

75 条记录 (耗时 0.038 秒)

    Polymers, supersoft elastomers and methods for preparing the same
    53.
    发明授权
    Polymers, supersoft elastomers and methods for preparing the same 有权
    聚合物，超柔软弹性体及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US07019082B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

    申请号：US10638584

    申请日：2003-08-11

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Tadeusz Pakula

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Tadeusz Pakula

    IPC分类号： C08F4/06

    CPC分类号： C08F283/00 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F290/06 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005

    摘要： Embodiments of the present invention include a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity less than 105 Pa and a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity of less than 5×104 Pa. Embodiments also include a material comprising a polymeric network and a multiplicity of side chains attached to the polymeric network. The multiplicity of side chains may have an average molecular weight below the critical molecular weight for entanglements. In certain embodiments it may be advantageous for the side branches to have a glass transition temperature below the use temperature of the material. The polymer network may comprise at least two monomers so that the polymer network is a copolymer. Embodiments of the present invention also include methods of forming a polymer network. Such as, for example, a method of preparing a polymer network comprising cross-linking a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises a multiplicity of side chains. The polymer may be at least one of a polymer brush, a polymer comb, and a nanocomposite material. An additional embodiment may include polymerizing macromonomers in the presence of a crosslinking agent. This embodiment may result in the forming a polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network, wherein the macromonomers may have a molecular weight less than the critical molecular weight for entanglements. Another embodiment of the method of forming a polymer network may comprising polymerizing monomers directly from a crosslinked polymer network. This method may result in forming a branched polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案包括包含弹性模量小于10Pa的聚合物的材料和包含弹性模量小于5×10 4 Pa的聚合物的材料 > Pa。 实施方案还包括包含聚合物网络和连接到聚合物网络的多个侧链的材料。 侧链的多重性可能具有低于缠结的临界分子量的平均分子量。 在某些实施方案中，侧枝具有低于材料使用温度的玻璃化转变温度可能是有利的。 聚合物网络可以包含至少两种单体，使得聚合物网络是共聚物。 本发明的实施方案还包括形成聚合物网络的方法。 例如，制备聚合物网络的方法包括交联聚合物，其中聚合物包含多个侧链。 聚合物可以是聚合物刷，聚合物梳和纳米复合材料中的至少一种。 另外的实施方案可以包括在交联剂存在下聚合大分子单体。 该实施方案可能导致形成聚合物网络，其中聚合物网络包含连接到聚合物网络上的多个分支，其中大分子单体可具有小于缠结的临界分子量的分子量。 形成聚合物网络的方法的另一个实施方案可以包括直接从交联聚合物网络聚合单体。 该方法可能导致形成支链聚合物网络，其中聚合物网络包括连接到聚合物网络的多个分支。

    Catalyst system for controlled polymerization
    54.
    发明授权
    Catalyst system for controlled polymerization 失效
    用于控制聚合的催化剂体系

    公开(公告)号：US06790919B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

    申请号：US09972056

    申请日：2001-10-05

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Sung Chul Hong

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Sung Chul Hong

    IPC分类号： C08F444

    CPC分类号： C08F4/00

    摘要： The present invention describes catalysts for atom transfer radical polymerization processes. Specifically, a hybrid catalyst system comprising transition metal complexes held in close conjunction with a solid support and of a soluble ligand, or soluble transition metal complex or desorbed catalyst. The hybrid catalyst system may be used in a controlled polymerization process of radically (co)polymerizable monomers in the presence of a system comprising an initiator comprising one or more radically transferable atom(s) or group(s). The catalyst may include a transition metal, one or more counterions, a ligand attached to a solid support, and a soluble ligand. The hybrid catalyst may also be comprised of an attached transition metal complex, and a soluble transition metal complex. The ligand or the transition metal complex may be physico- or physicochemically or chemically bound to the surface of a solid support through ionic bonding, physisorption, chemisorption, Van der Waals forces, coordinate or covalent bonding. A process for the removal and recycle of a supported transition metal catalyst complex from a polymerization reaction medium is also described.

    摘要翻译： 本发明描述了用于原子转移自由基聚合方法的催化剂。 具体而言，包括与固体支持物和可溶性配体，或可溶性过渡金属络合物或解吸催化剂紧密结合保持的过渡金属络合物的混合催化剂体系。 在包含一种或多种可自由基转移的原子或一个或多个基团的引发剂的系统的存在下，混合催化剂体系可以用于自由基（共）可聚合单体的受控聚合方法。 催化剂可以包括过渡金属，一个或多个抗衡离子，与固体载体连接的配体和可溶性配体。 杂化催化剂也可以由附着的过渡金属络合物和可溶性过渡金属络合物构成。 配体或过渡金属络合物可以通过离子键合，物理吸附，化学吸附，范德华力，配位或共价键在物理或物理化学或化学结合固体支持物的表面。 还描述了从聚合反应介质中除去和循环负载的过渡金属催化剂络合物的方法。

    Atom or group transfer radical polymerization
    55.
    发明授权
    Atom or group transfer radical polymerization 失效
    原子或基团转移自由基聚合

    公开(公告)号：US06538091B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

    申请号：US09018554

    申请日：1998-02-04

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Simion Coca

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Simion Coca

    IPC分类号： C08F12018

    CPC分类号： C08F271/02 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F110/10 ,  C08F257/02 ,  C08F265/00 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/01

    摘要： Improved processes have been developed for atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). In one improvement, the ATRP process involves polymerizing in the presence of a (partially) free radical-deactivating amount of the corresponding reduced or oxidized transition metal compound. In a further improvement, the ATRP process involves polymerizing in a homogeneous system or in the presence of a solubilized initiating/catalytic system. The present invention also concerns end-functional, site-specific functional and telechelic homopolymers and copolymers; block, random, graft, alternating and tapered (or “gradient”) copolymers which may have certain properties or a certain novel structure; star, comb and “hyperbranched” polymers and copolymers; multi-functional hyperbranched, end-functional polymers; cross-linked polymers and gels; water-soluble polymers and hydrogels (e.g., a copolymer prepared by radical copolymerization of a water-soluble monomer and a divinyl monomer); and an ATRP process using water as a medium.

    摘要翻译： 已经开发了用于原子（或基团）转移自由基聚合（ATRP）的改进方法。 在一个改进中，ATRP方法包括在（部分）游离基失活量的相应还原或氧化的过渡金属化合物的存在下聚合。 在进一步的改进中，ATRP方法包括在均相体系中或在溶解的引发/催化体系存在下进行聚合。 本发明还涉及终端功能，位点特异性功能和遥爪均聚物和共聚物; 嵌段，随机，接枝，交替和渐缩​​（或“梯度”）共聚物，其可以具有某些性质或某种新颖结构; 星形，梳状和“超支化”聚合物和共聚物; 多功能超支化，末端官能聚合物; 交联聚合物和凝胶; 水溶性聚合物和水凝胶（例如，通过水溶性单体和二乙烯基单体的自由基共聚制备的共聚物）; 和使用水作为介质的ATRP方法。

    Rate enhancement of nitroxyl radical-mediated polymerization
    56.
    发明授权
    Rate enhancement of nitroxyl radical-mediated polymerization 有权
    硝酰自由基介导聚合的速率增强

    公开(公告)号：US06288186B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-09-11

    申请号：US09200470

    申请日：1998-11-27

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Dorota Greszta

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Dorota Greszta

    IPC分类号： C08F200

    CPC分类号： C07D295/24 ,  C08F4/00

    摘要： An improved process for free radical polymerization is produced making it possible to control the growth steps of a polymerization to produce homopolymers and copolymers, including block and graft copolymers. The process uses a long half-life radical initiators and compounds which have the structure of formula I wherein X is a group having at least one carbon atom and is such that the free radical X. is capable of polymerizing the unsaturated monomer by free radical polymerization, and the radical functionality resides on the or one of the carbon atoms, R1, R2, R5 and R6 represent the same or different straight chain or branched substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups of a chain length sufficient to provide steric hindrance and weakening of the O—X bond, and R3 and R4 represent the same or different, straight chain or branched, substituted alkyl groups or R3CNCR4 may be part of a cyclic structure which may have fused with it another saturated or aromatic ring, the cyclic structure or aromatic ring being optionally substituted.

    摘要翻译： 产生自由基聚合的改进方法，使得可以控制聚合的生长步骤以产生均聚物和共聚物，包括嵌段和接枝共聚物。 该方法使用长半衰期的自由基引发剂和具有式I结构的化合物，其中X是具有至少一个碳原子的基团，并且使得自由基X能够通过自由基聚合使不饱和单体聚合， 并且基团官能团位于碳原子之一或其中一个碳原子上，R 1，R 2，R 5和R 6表示相同或不同的直链或支链取代或未取代的烷基，其链长足以提供OX键的空间位阻和弱化 并且R 3和R 4表示相同或不同的直链或支链取代的烷基，或者R 3 CNCR 4可以是可以与其另一个饱和或芳环稠合的环状结构的一部分，环状结构或芳环任选被取代。

    Preparation of novel homo- and copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization
    57.
    发明授权
    Preparation of novel homo- and copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization 失效
    使用原子转移自由基聚合制备新的均聚物和共聚物

    公开(公告)号：US6162882A

    公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

    申请号：US431871

    申请日：1999-11-02

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Simion Coca ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Yoshiki Nakagawa ,  Seong Mu Jo

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Simion Coca ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Yoshiki Nakagawa ,  Seong Mu Jo

    IPC分类号： C08F2/38 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/04 ,  C08F4/10 ,  C08F4/16 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F4/44 ,  C08F4/54 ,  C08F4/58 ,  C08F12/04 ,  C08F120/44 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F265/06 ,  C08F290/06 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F297/00 ,  C08F297/02

    CPC分类号： C08F265/06 ,  C08F2/38 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F12/04 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F290/068 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/01

    摘要： The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydipersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand, the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a macroinitiator which can subsequently be used to produce a block or graft copolymer.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于合成新的均聚物或嵌段或接枝共聚物的原子（或基团）转移自由基聚合的方法，所述均聚物或嵌段或接枝共聚物任选地含有至少一个极性基团，具有明确的分子结构和窄的多聚体指数， 起始系统的存在包括（i）具有可自由基转移的原子或基团的引发剂，（ii）过渡金属化合物和（iii）配体，本发明还涉及合成具有至少两个 可用作大分子引发剂组分的卤素基团（i）随后通过原子或基团转移自由基聚合方法形成嵌段或接枝共聚物; 本发明还涉及用于合成支链或超支化聚合物的原子或基团转移自由基聚合方法; 此外，本发明涉及用于合成大分子引发剂的原子或基团转移自由基聚合的方法，其可随后用于制备嵌段或接枝共聚物。

    Preparation of novel homo- and copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization
    58.
    发明授权
    Preparation of novel homo- and copolymers using atom transfer radical polymerization 有权
    使用原子转移自由基聚合制备新的均聚物和共聚物

    公开(公告)号：US6111022A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

    申请号：US206980

    申请日：1998-12-08

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Simion Coca ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Yoshiki Nakagawa ,  Seong Mu Jo

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Simion Coca ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Yoshiki Nakagawa ,  Seong Mu Jo

    IPC分类号： C08F2/38 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/04 ,  C08F4/10 ,  C08F4/16 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F4/44 ,  C08F4/54 ,  C08F4/58 ,  C08F12/04 ,  C08F120/44 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F265/06 ,  C08F290/06 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F297/00 ,  C08F297/02 ,  C08L33/18

    CPC分类号： C08F265/06 ,  C08F12/04 ,  C08F2/38 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F290/068 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F2438/01

    摘要： The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydispersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand; the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a macroinitiator which can subsequently be used to produce a block or graft copolymer.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于合成新型均聚物或嵌段或接枝共聚物的原子（或基团）转移自由基聚合方法，任选地含有至少一个极性基团，具有明确的分子结构和窄的多分散性指数 起始系统的存在，包括（i）具有可自由基转移的原子或基团的引发剂，（ii）过渡金属化合物和（iii）配体; 本发明还涉及具有至少两个卤素基团的大分子的合成，其可以用作大分子引发剂组分（i），随后通过原子或基团转移自由基聚合方法形成嵌段或接枝共聚物; 本发明还涉及用于合成支链或超支化聚合物的原子或基团转移自由基聚合方法; 此外，本发明涉及用于合成大分子引发剂的原子或基团转移自由基聚合的方法，其可随后用于制备嵌段或接枝共聚物。