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    Polymers, supersoft elastomers and methods for preparing the same
    1.
    发明授权
    Polymers, supersoft elastomers and methods for preparing the same 有权
    聚合物，超柔软弹性体及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US07019082B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

    申请号：US10638584

    申请日：2003-08-11

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Tadeusz Pakula

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Tadeusz Pakula

    IPC分类号： C08F4/06

    CPC分类号： C08F283/00 ,  C08F265/04 ,  C08F290/06 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005

    摘要： Embodiments of the present invention include a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity less than 105 Pa and a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity of less than 5×104 Pa. Embodiments also include a material comprising a polymeric network and a multiplicity of side chains attached to the polymeric network. The multiplicity of side chains may have an average molecular weight below the critical molecular weight for entanglements. In certain embodiments it may be advantageous for the side branches to have a glass transition temperature below the use temperature of the material. The polymer network may comprise at least two monomers so that the polymer network is a copolymer. Embodiments of the present invention also include methods of forming a polymer network. Such as, for example, a method of preparing a polymer network comprising cross-linking a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises a multiplicity of side chains. The polymer may be at least one of a polymer brush, a polymer comb, and a nanocomposite material. An additional embodiment may include polymerizing macromonomers in the presence of a crosslinking agent. This embodiment may result in the forming a polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network, wherein the macromonomers may have a molecular weight less than the critical molecular weight for entanglements. Another embodiment of the method of forming a polymer network may comprising polymerizing monomers directly from a crosslinked polymer network. This method may result in forming a branched polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案包括包含弹性模量小于10Pa的聚合物的材料和包含弹性模量小于5×10 4 Pa的聚合物的材料 > Pa。 实施方案还包括包含聚合物网络和连接到聚合物网络的多个侧链的材料。 侧链的多重性可能具有低于缠结的临界分子量的平均分子量。 在某些实施方案中，侧枝具有低于材料使用温度的玻璃化转变温度可能是有利的。 聚合物网络可以包含至少两种单体，使得聚合物网络是共聚物。 本发明的实施方案还包括形成聚合物网络的方法。 例如，制备聚合物网络的方法包括交联聚合物，其中聚合物包含多个侧链。 聚合物可以是聚合物刷，聚合物梳和纳米复合材料中的至少一种。 另外的实施方案可以包括在交联剂存在下聚合大分子单体。 该实施方案可能导致形成聚合物网络，其中聚合物网络包含连接到聚合物网络上的多个分支，其中大分子单体可具有小于缠结的临界分子量的分子量。 形成聚合物网络的方法的另一个实施方案可以包括直接从交联聚合物网络聚合单体。 该方法可能导致形成支链聚合物网络，其中聚合物网络包括连接到聚合物网络的多个分支。

    Modification of surfaces with polymers
    4.
    发明授权
    Modification of surfaces with polymers 有权
    用聚合物改性表面

    公开(公告)号：US08349410B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-08

    申请号：US11894010

    申请日：2007-08-17

    申请人： Jinyu Huang ,  Alan J. Russell ,  Nicolay V. Tsarevsky ,  Krzysztof Matyjaszewski

    发明人： Jinyu Huang ,  Alan J. Russell ,  Nicolay V. Tsarevsky ,  Krzysztof Matyjaszewski

    IPC分类号： C09D5/14 ,  C08F2/46 ,  C08J7/14 ,  C08F8/02 ,  C08F220/34

    CPC分类号： C08L33/14 ,  C08F120/34 ,  C08F255/02 ,  C08F265/06 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08L53/00

    摘要： A polymer formed by controlled radical polymerization includes groups that can be modified after controlled radical polymerization to form a radical. The polymer can be the reaction product of a controlled radical polymerization of radically polymerizable monomers, wherein at least one of the radically polymerizable monomers includes at least one group that can be modified after the controlled radical polymerization to form a radical. A compound includes a first group that is stimulated upon application of energy to the molecule to tether the molecule to a surface or to another polymer chain and a second group comprising a controlled radical polymerization initiator functionality. A block copolymer includes at least a first segment to impart a predetermined functionality to a target surface and at least a second segment including functional groups to interact with the targeted surface to attach the block copolymer to the surface. The first segment can free of functional groups that interact with the surface to attach the block copolymer to the surface.

    摘要翻译： 通过受控自由基聚合形成的聚合物包括可以在受控自由基聚合反应形成基团之后进行改性的基团。 聚合物可以是可自由基聚合的单体的受控自由基聚合的反应产物，其中至少一种可自由基聚合的单体包括至少一个可在受控自由基聚合之后修饰以形成基团的基团。 化合物包括在向分子施加能量以将分子束缚至表面或另一聚合物链时被刺激的第一组和包含受控自由基聚合引发剂官能团的第二组。 嵌段共聚物包括至少一个赋予靶表面预定官能度的第一链段和至少一个包含官能团的第二链段以与目标表面相互作用以将该嵌段共聚物连接到该表面上。 第一段可以没有与表面相互作用的官能团，以将嵌段共聚物附着在表面上。

    Atom transfer radical polymerization in microemulsion and true emulsion polymerization processes
    7.
    发明申请
    Atom transfer radical polymerization in microemulsion and true emulsion polymerization processes 有权
    原子转移自由基聚合在微乳液和真乳液聚合过程中

    公开(公告)号：US20090176951A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-07-09

    申请号：US11990836

    申请日：2006-08-23

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Ke Min

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Ke Min

    IPC分类号： C08F2/22

    CPC分类号： C08F4/40 ,  C08F2/22 ,  C08F212/08 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/01 ,  C08F220/12

    摘要： The invention is directed to a microemulsion polymerization comprising adding a polymerization catalyst precursor, such as a transition metal complex in the higher of two accessible oxidation states, an ATRP initiator, and an organic solvent to an aqueous solution to form an emulsion. Radically polymerizable monomers and a reducing agent may then be added to the emulsion. The reducing agent converts the catalyst precursor to a catalyst for polymerization of the first monomer from the initiator. In certain embodiments the organic solvent may comprise radically polymerizable monomers. The aqueous solution may comprise a surfactant. Further embodiments are directed to an ah initio polymerization process comprising adding a polymerization catalyst precursor; an ATRP initiator, and an organic solvent to an aqueous solution to form an emulsion, wherein the organic solvent comprises second radically polymerizable monomers, adding a reducing agent to convert the catalyst precursor to a catalyst for polymerization of the first radically polymerizable monomer from the initiator; and adding first radically polymerizable monomers to the emulsion.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种微乳液聚合方法，其中包括将聚合催化剂前体，例如两种可接近的氧化态中较高的过渡金属络合物，ATRP引发剂和有机溶剂加入到水溶液中以形成乳液。 然后将可自由基聚合的单体和还原剂加入到乳液中。 还原剂将催化剂前体转化为第一单体从引发剂聚合的催化剂。 在某些实施方案中，有机溶剂可以包含可自由基聚合的单体。 水溶液可以包含表面活性剂。 进一步的实施方案涉及一种开始聚合方法，包括加入聚合催化剂前体; ATRP引发剂和有机溶剂加入到水溶液中以形成乳液，其中有机溶剂包括第二自由基聚合单体，加入还原剂以将催化剂前体转化为用于从引发剂聚合第一可自由基聚合单体的催化剂 ; 并将第一可自由基聚合的单体加入到乳液中。

    Atom or group transfer radical polymerization
    8.
    发明授权
    Atom or group transfer radical polymerization 有权
    原子或基团转移自由基聚合

    公开(公告)号：US07125938B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-24

    申请号：US10781061

    申请日：2004-02-18

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Simion Coca

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Scott G. Gaynor ,  Simion Coca

    IPC分类号： C08F4/04 ,  C08F4/34 ,  C08F4/40

    CPC分类号： C08F4/40 ,  C08F8/40 ,  C08F8/42 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/01

    摘要： A polymerization process comprising initiating a first polymerization of monomers using an initiator functionalized with an ATRP initiating site, wherein the first polymerization is selected from the group of cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization, conventional free radical polymerization, metathesis, ring opening polymerization, cationic ring opening polymerization, and coordination polymerization to form a macroinitiator comprising an ATRP initiating site and further initiating an ATRP polymerization of radically polymerizable monomers using the macroinitiator comprising an ATRP initiating site. Novel block copolymers may be formed by the disclosed method.

    摘要翻译： 一种聚合方法，包括使用用ATRP起始位点官能化的引发剂引发单体的第一次聚合，其中第一聚合选自阳离子聚合，阴离子聚合，常规自由基聚合，复分解，开环聚合，阳离子开环 聚合和配位聚合以形成包含ATRP起始位点的大分子引发剂，并且使用包含ATRP起始位点的大分子引发剂进一步引发自由基聚合单体的ATRP聚合。 可以通过所公开的方法形成新的嵌段共聚物。

    (Co)polymers and a novel polymerization process based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization
    10.
    发明授权
    (Co)polymers and a novel polymerization process based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization 失效
    （Co）聚合物和基于原子（或基团）转移自由基聚合的新型聚合方法

    公开(公告)号：US5763548A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

    申请号：US414415

    申请日：1995-03-31

    申请人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Jin-Shan Wang

    发明人： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Jin-Shan Wang

    IPC分类号： C08F2/38 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08F4/06 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F12/08 ,  C08F20/10 ,  C08F136/08 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F297/00 ,  C08L51/00 ,  C08L53/00 ,  C09D151/00 ,  C09D153/00 ,  C09J151/00 ,  C09J153/00

    CPC分类号： C08F4/40 ,  C08F136/08 ,  C08F2/38 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F297/00 ,  C08F4/00 ,  C08L51/003 ,  C08L53/00 ,  C09D151/003 ,  C09D153/00 ,  C09J151/003 ,  C09J153/00 ,  C08F2438/01 ,  Y10S526/901

    摘要： A new polymerization process (atom transfer radical polymerization, or ATRP) based on a redox reaction between a transition metal (e.g., Cu(I)/Cu(II), provides "living" or controlled radical polymerization of styrene, (meth)acrylates, and other radically polymerizable monomers. Using various simple organic halides as model halogen atom transfer precursors (initiators) and transition metal complexes as a model halogen atom transfer promoters (catalysts), a "living" radical polymerization affords (co)polymers having the predetermined number average molecular weight by .DELTA.�M!/�I!.sub.0 (up to M.sub.n >10.sup.5) and a surprisingly narrow molecular weight distribution (M.sub.w /M.sub.n), as low as 1.15. The participation of free radical intermediates in ATRP is supported by end-group analysis and stereochemistry of the polymerization. In addition, polymers with various topologies (e.g., block, random, star, graft, hyperbranched, dendritic end-functional and in-chain functional copolymers �for example, of styrene and methyl (meth)acrylate!) have been synthesized using the present process. The Polymeric products encompassed by the present invention can be widely used as plastics, elastomers, adhesives, emulsifiers, thermoplastic elastomers, etc.

    摘要翻译： 基于过渡金属（例如Cu（I）/ Cu（II））之间的氧化还原反应的新的聚合方法（原子转移自由基聚合或ATRP）提供苯乙烯，（甲基）丙烯酸酯的“活性”或受控自由基聚合 使用各种简单的有机卤化物作为模型卤素原子转移前体（引发剂）和过渡金属络合物作为模型卤素原子转移促进剂（催化剂），“活性”自由基聚合提供具有预定的 数均分子量由DELTA [M] / [I] 0（高达Mn> 105）和惊人的窄分子量分布（Mw / Mn）低至1.15。自由基中间体在ATRP中的参与由 此外，具有各种拓扑结构的聚合物（例如嵌段，无规，星形，接枝，超支化，树枝状末端官能团和链内官能团共聚物[例如苯乙烯a nd甲基（甲基）丙烯酸甲酯]）。 本发明包括的聚合物可广泛用作塑料，弹性体，粘合剂，乳化剂，热塑性弹性体等。