公开(公告)号：US5308802A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-03

申请号：US83644

申请日：1993-06-25

Applicant: Niels Haun

Inventor： Niels Haun

IPC: C03C1/00 ,  C03C3/04

CPC classification number: C03C1/006

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making glass by the sol-gel process. A mixture of silicon alkoxide, at least two other metal alkoxides, and alcohol in a solution sufficiently acidic to hydrolyze partially the silicon alkoxide is formed. Water is then added under agitation to convert the metal alkoxides to a network of corresponding metal oxides suitable for gelation. The mixture containing the network of metal oxides is then molded for a sufficient time to form a gel. Substantially only oxides of one of the at least two other metals is then removed from the gel, which is then fixed in a liquid capable of arresting such additional removal. The fixed gel is then dried and sintered to form a glass. The step of removing the at least one other metal oxide from the gel can be followed with a step of withdrawing partially oxides of one of the remaining at least two other metals in order to form a transparent gradient-index glass after sintering.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过溶胶 - 凝胶法制造玻璃的方法。 形成硅醇盐，至少两种其它金属醇盐和醇在足够酸性的溶液中的混合物，以部分地部分地水解硅醇盐。 然后在搅拌下加入水，以将金属醇盐转化成适合于凝胶化的相应金属氧化物的网络。 然后将含有金属氧化物网络的混合物模塑足够的时间以形成凝胶。 然后基本上仅将至少两种其它金属中的一种的氧化物从凝胶中除去，然后将其固定在能够阻止这种另外的除去的液体中。 然后将固定的凝胶干燥并烧结以形成玻璃。 从凝胶中除去至少一种其它金属氧化物的步骤可以是在烧结后形成透明梯度折射率玻璃的步骤，其中还有一部分剩余的至少两种其它金属的部分氧化物。

公开(公告)号：US5305232A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-19

申请号：US882321

申请日：1992-05-13

Applicant: Eldred H. Chimowitz ,  Frank VanPuyvelde

Inventor： Eldred H. Chimowitz ,  Frank VanPuyvelde

IPC: G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32 ,  G01N30/60 ,  G01N30/86 ,  B01D15/08

CPC classification number: G01N30/8693 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32 ,  G01N30/8658

Abstract: A system (method and apparatus) for optimizing the relationship between resolution and time in chromatograms, especially chromatograms obtained by supercritical fluids (CSF) chromatography. The pressure or temperature or fluid density of the solution caring the material under analysis is varied dynamically under computer control to provide an optimum capacity factor for a particular transporting fluid in a particular chromatographic system to obtain the resolution of interest in the shortest period of time.

Abstract translation: 用于优化色谱图中分辨率和时间之间的关系的系统（方法和装置），特别是通过超临界流体（CSF）色谱获得的色谱图。 在计算机控制下，保持分析材料的溶液的压力或温度或流体密度是动态变化的，以为特定色谱系统中的特定输送流体提供最佳容量因子，以在最短的时间内获得感兴趣的分辨率。

公开(公告)号：US5273530A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-28

申请号：US613165

申请日：1990-11-14

Applicant: Manuel del Cerro ,  Eliot Lazar

Inventor： Manuel del Cerro ,  Eliot Lazar

IPC: A61F2/16 ,  A61F9/007 ,  A61M5/158 ,  A61M31/00

CPC classification number: A61F9/00736 ,  A61M2025/0042 ,  A61M2210/0612

Abstract: An intraretinal delivery and withdrawal instrument which has (a) a curved, distal frame for insertion into an orbit, which insertion is effected (i) inferior to the supraorbital ridge, (ii) superior to the eye, and (iii) in a caudal direction so as to reach the retina; (b) a tip for penetration into the subretinal region of the eye connected to the frame; and (c) an adjustable collar connected to the tip which collar is capable of being positioned so that the collar regulates the depth of tip penetration into the subretinal region including methods for uses thereof.

Abstract translation: 具有（a）用于插入轨道的弯曲的远端框架的内侧输送和取出器械，其插入（i）不如眶上脊，（ii）优于眼睛，和（iii）在尾部 方向到达视网膜; （b）用于穿透连接到框架的眼睛的视网膜下区域的尖端; 和（c）连接到所述尖端的可调节环，所述套环能够被定位，使得所述套环调节尖端穿入所述视网膜下区域的深度，包括其使用方法。

公开(公告)号：US5236980A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US904759

申请日：1992-06-26

Applicant: Samson A. Jenekhe ,  Chen-Jen Yang

Inventor： Samson A. Jenekhe ,  Chen-Jen Yang

IPC: C08G12/08 ,  C08G73/00 ,  C08G73/04 ,  G02B1/04 ,  G02F1/361

CPC classification number: G02F1/3616 ,  C08G12/08 ,  C08G73/00 ,  G02B1/04 ,  Y10S524/924 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2933 ,  Y10T428/31627

Abstract: A novel composition is a solution in an organic solvent of an electron donor-acceptor complex of a conjugated aromatic polyazomethine compound and a Lewis acid compound. This composition is coated on a transparent support and the solvent is evaporated to produce an optical device. Decomposition of the polyazomethine-Lewis acid complex coated on the substrate produces a new optical device comprising a film of the polyazomethine compound on the substrate. Compositions of the present invention can also be used for the preparation of optical wave guides, optical switching elements, fibers, and dielectric materials.

Abstract translation: 一种新型组合物是共轭芳族多偶氮甲碱化合物和路易斯酸化合物的电子给体 - 受体复合物的有机溶剂中的溶液。 将该组合物涂布在透明载体上并蒸发溶剂以产生光学装置。 涂覆在基材上的多偶氮嗪 - 路易斯酸复合物的分解产生一种新的光学器件，其包括在基底上的多偶氮甲碱化合物的膜。 本发明的组合物也可用于制备光波导，光开关元件，纤维和电介质材料。

公开(公告)号：US5075795A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-24

申请号：US513525

申请日：1990-04-19

Applicant: R. J. Dwayne Miller ,  Pierre Basseras

Inventor： R. J. Dwayne Miller ,  Pierre Basseras

IPC: G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/11

CPC classification number: G02F1/0305 ,  G02F1/11 ,  G02F2201/505

Abstract: An electro-optic device, which processes by modulating, switching or gating, a light beam in response to an electrical signal utilizes an electro-optic crystal through which the beam to be processed passes. An electric field is generated by pulses which modulate the crystal's index of refraction and also causes piezoelectric ringing in the crystal. Acoustic energy absorbing material is coupled to the crystal for absorbing the piezoelectrically generated acoustic waves propagating perpendicularly to the applied electric field direction which has been found to be the dominant acoustic mode affecting the birefringence of the crystal and causing the ringing. The field is applied in short pulses (of the order of 10 nsec or less) thereby reducing lower frequencies in the acoustic energy spectrum thereby facilitating the absorption of the ringing energy. The modulation or gating of the optical beam may be carried out at high repetition rates which have heretofore limited the use of electro-optic devices to repetition rates of approximately 1 KHz or less.

Abstract translation: 通过响应于电信号调制，切换或选通光束进行处理的电光装置利用电光晶体，待处理的光束穿过该光电晶体。 通过调制晶体折射率的脉冲产生电场，并在晶体中产生压电振荡。 声能吸收材料耦合到晶体，用于吸收垂直于所施加的电场方向传播的压电产生的声波，已经被发现是影响晶体的双折射并引起振铃的主要声学模式。 该场以短脉冲（约为10nsec或更小）施加，从而降低声能谱中的较低频率，从而便于吸收能量。 光束的调制或门控可以以高重复率进行，其以前限制了电光器件对大约1KHz或更小的重复率的使用。

公开(公告)号：US5053696A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-01

申请号：US147098

申请日：1988-01-20

Applicant: Steven L. Williamson ,  Gerard A. Mourou

Inventor： Steven L. Williamson ,  Gerard A. Mourou

IPC: G01R13/34 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G04F13/02

CPC classification number: G04F13/026 ,  G01R13/347 ,  G02F1/0327

Abstract: A system for time-resolving ultra-short electrical waveforms of up to a few hundred gigahertz bandwidth is presented. The system utilizes a fast electro-optic modulator capable of subpicosecond responsivity. A CW (continuous wave) laser is used to probe the change in birefringence resulting in the modulator due to an induced electric field. The rapid change in the transmitted optical signal due to an equally rapid changing electric field (picosecond pulse) is then detected and temporally dispersed using a picosecond resolution streak camera. The modulator operates in a region close to minimum transmission where the average optical power is below the damage threshold for the photocathode of the streak camera and where small electrical signals can significantly modulate the transmitted beam. The system can be used in either sampling mode where the modulation and subsequent detection are repeated and the data accumulated at repetition rates as high as 100 MHz or in single shot mode.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种用于时间分辨高达几千兆赫兹带宽的超短电波形的系统。 该系统利用了能够承受亚秒级响应的快速电光调制器。 使用CW（连续波）激光来探测由于感应电场而导致调制器的双折射变化。 然后使用皮秒分辨率条纹相机检测并瞬时分散由于同等快速变化的电场（皮秒脉冲）引起的透射光信号的快速变化。 调制器在接近最小透射率的区域中工作，其中平均光功率低于条纹照相机的光电阴极的损伤阈值，而小电信号可以显着调制透射光束。 该系统可以在采样模式下使用，其中重复调制和后续检测，并以高达100MHz或单次拍摄模式的重复率累积数据。

公开(公告)号：US4972458A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-20

申请号：US242644

申请日：1988-09-13

Applicant: Donald B. Plewes

Inventor： Donald B. Plewes

IPC: G03B42/02 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/06 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G21K1/02 ,  G21K1/04 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N7/18 ,  H05G1/30 ,  H05G1/36 ,  H05G1/44 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/64 ,  G21K5/10

CPC classification number: G21K1/10 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  A61B6/542 ,  G21K1/025 ,  G21K1/04 ,  G21K1/043 ,  G21K1/046 ,  H05G1/36 ,  H05G1/44 ,  H05G1/60

Abstract: A radiographic machine in which the exposure is equalized as between different areas of the image plane so as to enhance high spatial frequency features of the image and suppress low spatial frequency features and achieve other benefits as well. A fan beam which is wide enough to encompass the object being imaged is swept across the object and segments of that beam are individually pulse width modulated at each of a number of sampling intervals during the sweep by monastable or bistable shutter pins which either completely block or completely uncover the sectors which they control. An alternate embodiment adds beam width moulation as well, by making the shutter pins either completely block their sectors of uncover them only to the degree necessary for beam width modulation.

Abstract translation: 其中曝光被平均在像平面的不同区域之间以便增强图像的高空间频率特征并抑制低空间频率特征并且实现其它益处的放射照相机。 宽度足以包围正在成像的物体的扇形光束被扫过物体，并且在扫描过程中的多个采样间隔的每一个处，该光束的各个部分被单独地脉冲宽度调制，该可调节或双稳态快门引脚完全阻挡或 彻底揭露他们控制的部门。 另一个实施例也通过使快门引脚完全阻挡它们的扇区以将其发现到波束宽度调制所必需的程度来增加波束宽度布置。

公开(公告)号：US4902835A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US142630

申请日：1988-01-11

Applicant: Andrew S. Kende ,  Noritada Matsuo

Inventor： Andrew S. Kende ,  Noritada Matsuo

IPC: C07D295/18 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C17/00 ,  C07C17/25 ,  C07C21/18 ,  C07C41/00 ,  C07C41/06 ,  C07C43/17 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C67/343 ,  C07C69/65 ,  C07C233/09 ,  C07C233/11 ,  C07C235/32 ,  C07C315/00 ,  C07C317/08 ,  C07C317/14 ,  C07C317/18 ,  C07C317/44 ,  C07C319/14 ,  C07C323/05 ,  C07C323/09 ,  C07D317/60 ,  C07F9/40 ,  C07F9/54

CPC classification number: C07F9/5428 ,  C07C17/25 ,  C07C43/17 ,  C07D317/60

Abstract: New chemical reactions of 1,1,2-trifluoro-1,3-butadiene provide simple access to a series of new fluorinated alkene derivatives. These derivatives provide a simple, general methodology for the stereocontrolled preparation of 2-fluoro-2-alkenoate esters and related monofluoroalkene derivatives which include fluoro analogs of known insecticides, pheromones or pharmaceuticals. A new method for the preparation of 1,1,2-trifluoro-1,3-butadiene is also provided.

Abstract translation: 1,1,2-三氟-1,3-丁二烯的新化学反应提供了一系列新的氟化烯烃衍生物的简单获取。 这些衍生物提供了用于2-氟-2-烯酸酯和相关单氟烯烃衍生物的立体控制制备的简单的一般方法，其包括已知杀虫剂，信息素或药物的氟类似物。 还提供了制备1,1,2-三氟-1,3-丁二烯的新方法。

公开(公告)号：US4886754A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-12

申请号：US740312

申请日：1985-06-03

Applicant: Richard S. Graham ,  Yuko Yoneda ,  Frank E. Young

Inventor： Richard S. Graham ,  Yuko Yoneda ,  Frank E. Young

IPC: C12N7/01 ,  C12N9/28 ,  C12N15/75

CPC classification number: C12N9/2417 ,  C12N15/75 ,  Y10S435/832 ,  Y10S435/839

Abstract: A recombinant bacteriophage, a method for producing and selecting the recombinant bacteriophage and a method for heterologous cloning of DNA are disclosed. The recombinant bacteriophage is produced by ligating genetic fragments encoding a desired genetic trait with DNA from a bacteriophage, incubating with DNA from a second Bacillus microorganism prototrophic for a growth requirement, incubating with a host Bacillus auxotrophic for the growth requirement. Transformed host Bacillus are selected by growing the mixture on a growth medium which does not contain the growth requirement and determining the presence of the genetic trait. The recombinant bacteriophage containing the desired genetic trait is recovered from the host Bacillus by induction. Heterologous cloning can be accomplished by incubating a host Bacillus with the recombinant bacteriophage.

Abstract translation: 公开了重组噬菌体，重组噬菌体的制备和选择方法以及异源克隆DNA的方法。 通过将编码期望的遗传性状的遗传片段与来自噬菌体的DNA连接起来，与来自第二种芽孢杆菌微生物原生质体的DNA一起孵育以用于生长需求，通过与宿主芽孢杆菌营养缺陷型孵育用于生长需要来产生重组噬菌体。 通过在不含生长需要并确定遗传性状的存在的生长培养基上生长混合物来选择转化的宿主芽孢杆菌。 通过诱导从宿主芽孢杆菌中回收含有所需遗传特征的重组噬菌体。 可以通过将宿主芽孢杆菌与重组噬菌体一起孵育来实现异源克隆。

公开(公告)号：US4827318A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-02

申请号：US880378

申请日：1986-06-30

Applicant: Dennis G. Hall ,  Thomas G. Brown

Inventor： Dennis G. Hall ,  Thomas G. Brown

IPC: C09K11/59 ,  H01L33/34 ,  H01L33/64 ,  H05B33/14 ,  H01L27/24

CPC classification number: H01L33/648 ,  C09K11/592 ,  H01L33/343 ,  H05B33/14

Abstract: An efficient solid state light emitting device wherein sulphur is used to provide isoelectronic centers in silicon which bind excitons which emit light at a wavelength of 1.32 microns (um) and are particularly adapted for use in integrated opto-electronic circuits and in launching optical signals in single mode optical fibers.

Abstract translation: 一种有效的固态发光器件，其中硫用于在硅中提供等离子体中心，其结合发射波长为1.32微米（um）的光的激子，并且特别适合用于集成的光电子电路中，并且发射光信号 单模光纤。