公开(公告)号：US07245805B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-17

申请号：US11087213

申请日：2005-03-23

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Iosif Zeylikovich

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Iosif Zeylikovich

IPC: G02B6/00 ,  H01S3/10

CPC classification number: H04B10/508 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B2210/258

Abstract: A system and method for producing a multiple optical channel source (MOCS). The method includes producing the SC in a medium using at least one femto-second or pico-second optical input pump pulse; splitting input pump pulse or resultant output SC pulse(s) into a plurality of collinear pulses; applying a time delay τ between the least one of input pump pulse or SC pulses; and producing a MOCS by the spectral interference of the plurality of SC pulses. The system includes a laser producing femto-second or pico-second pump pulses, a medium with a high value of the χ(3) nonlinear response to produce spectrally coherent SC, an optical system for delivery of laser pump pulses into the SC producing medium, an optical system for splitting the input pump pulses or output SC pulses into a plurality of collinear pulses, and a means for applying a time delay τ between the plurality of pump or SC pulses.

Abstract translation: 一种用于产生多光信道源（MOCS）的系统和方法。 该方法包括使用至少一个毫微微秒或微微秒光输入泵浦脉冲在介质中产生SC; 将输入泵浦脉冲或合成的输出SC脉冲分成多个共线脉冲; 在至少一个输入泵浦脉冲或SC脉冲之间施加时间延迟τ; 并通过多个SC脉冲的频谱干扰产生MOCS。 该系统包括产生毫微微秒或微微秒泵浦脉冲的激光器，具有高的奇异（3）非线性响应值的介质以产生光谱相干SC，用于传送激光的光学系统 泵浦脉冲进入SC产生介质，用于将输入泵浦脉冲分裂或将SC脉冲输出到多个共线脉冲的光学系统，以及用于在多个泵浦或SC脉冲之间施加时间延迟τ的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07038208B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-02

申请号：US10653473

申请日：2003-09-02

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Iosif Zeylikovich ,  Wubao Wang ,  Jamal Ali ,  Vincent Benischek ,  Yury Budansky

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Iosif Zeylikovich ,  Wubao Wang ,  Jamal Ali ,  Vincent Benischek ,  Yury Budansky

IPC: G01N21/88

CPC classification number: G01N21/8806 ,  G01N21/8422

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for non-destructively detecting material abnormalities beneath a coated surface, comprising a mid-infrared (MIR) illumination unit for illuminating an area of the coated surface, and an MIR 2-D imager, which includes an MIR CCD or CMOS camera, for capturing an image of a material abnormalities under the illuminated area of the coated surface. In addition, the system may further comprise a scanning unit for moving the system to a next area.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供用于非破坏性地检测涂覆表面下方的材料异常的系统和方法，包括用于照射涂覆表面的区域的中红外（MIR）照明单元和包括MIR的MIR 2-D成像器 CCD或CMOS相机，用于捕获涂层表面照明区域下材料异常的图像。 另外，该系统还可以包括用于将系统移动到下一个区域的扫描单元。

公开(公告)号：US06665557B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09597505

申请日：2000-06-20

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Swapan Kumar Gayen ,  Manuel E. Zevallos

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Swapan Kumar Gayen ,  Manuel E. Zevallos

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312

Abstract: Method and apparatus for imaging objects in turbid media. In one embodiment, the method comprises illuminating at least a portion of the turbid medium with substantially monochromatic light of at least two wavelengths in the 600-1500 nm spectral range. A first of the at least two wavelengths is equal to a resonance wavelength for an optical property of an object in the illuminated portion of the turbid medium but is not equal to a resonance wavelength for the turbid medium. A second of the at least two wavelengths is not equal to a resonance wavelength for either the object or the turbid medium. Light emergent from the turbid medium following each of the foregoing illuminations comprises a ballistic component, a snake component and a diffuse component. A direct shadowgram image may be obtained by preferentially passing from the emergent light, following each illumination. the ballistic and snake components thereof and detecting the preferentially passed light. Alternatively, an inverse reconstruction image may be obtained by determining, following each illumination, the intensity of the diffuse component at a plurality of points in time and then using these pluralities of intensity determinations and a mathematical inversion algorithm to form an image of the object in the turbid medium. An image of the object with higher contrast and better quality may be obtained by using the ratio or difference of the images recorded with resonant light and non-resonant light.

Abstract translation: 用于在浑浊介质中成像物体的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，该方法包括以600-1500nm光谱范围内的至少两个波长的基本上单色的光照亮混浊介质的至少一部分。 至少两个波长中的第一个等于混浊介质的照射部分中的物体的光学性质的共振波长，但不等于混浊介质的共振波长。 至少两个波长中的第二个不等于物体或混浊介质的共振波长。 每个前述照明后从混浊介质出射的光包括弹道组件，蛇组件和漫射分量。 可以在每个照明之后优先通过出射光获得直接阴影图像。 弹道和蛇组件，并检测优先通过的光。 或者，可以通过在每个照明之后确定多个时间点上的漫射分量的强度，然后使用这些多个强度确定和数学反演算法来形成对象的图像，来获得反重建图像 混浊介质。 通过使用用共振光和非共振光记录的图像的比率或差异可以获得具有较高对比度和更好质量的对象的图像。

公开(公告)号：US06665556B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09493939

申请日：2000-01-28

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: A61B5/0084 ,  A61B1/043 ,  A61B1/063 ,  A61B1/0638 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075

Abstract: Method and an apparatus for examining a tissue using the spectral wing emission therefrom induced by visible to infrared photoexcitation. In one aspect, the method is used to characterize the condition of a tissue sample and comprises the steps of (a) photoexciting the tissue sample with substantially monochromatic light having a wavelength of at least 600 nm; and (b) using the resultant far red and near infrared spectral wing emission (SW) emitted from the tissue sample to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In one embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a continuous beam of light, and the resultant steady-state far red and near infrared SW emission from the tissue sample is used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In another embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a light pulse, and the resultant time-resolved far red and near infrared SW emission emitted from the tissue sample is used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In still another embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a polarized light pulse, and the parallel and perpendicular components of the resultant polarized time-resolved SW emission emitted from the tissue sample are used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample.

Abstract translation: 使用由可见光与红外光激发诱发的光谱机翼发射来检查组织的方法和装置。 在一个方面，该方法用于表征组织样本的状况，并且包括以下步骤：（a）用波长至少为600nm的基本上单色的光对组织样品进行光激发; 和（b）使用从组织样品发射的所得的远红外和近红外光谱机翼发射（SW）来表征组织样品的状况。 在一个实施例中，基本单色的光激发光是连续的光束，并且使用来自组织样本的所得稳态远红和近红外SW发射来表征组织样本的状况。 在另一个实施例中，基本上单色的光激发光是光脉冲，并且使用从组织样本发射的所得时间分辨的远红外和近红外SW发射来表征组织样本的状况。 在又一个实施例中，基本上单色的光激发光是偏振光脉冲，并且使用从组织样本发射的所得偏振时间分辨SW扫描的平行和垂直分量来表征组织样本的状况。

公开(公告)号：US06631289B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

申请号：US09767125

申请日：2001-01-22

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Jing Tang ,  Ping Pei Ho

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Jing Tang ,  Ping Pei Ho

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: G01N21/6486 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/445 ,  A61B5/4523 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/6456

Abstract: A method for monitoring a biological tissue includes illuminating the tissue, including a fluorophore, with a wavelength of light, the wavelength selected for exciting the fluorophore, determining a fluorescent emission of the fluorophore, the emission indicating the presence of the fluorophore, and correlating an emission of the fluorophore to an extent and degree of damage to the tissue. Damage to the tissue includes a breakdown of the fluorophore, resulting in a reduced level of emission. The fluorophore can include one of collagen and elastin. The fluorophore can include tryptophan, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin and porphyrin. Correlating the emission of the fluorophore to the extent and degree of damage further includes processing a correlation of the emission over time, controlling the power of a laser welder based on the processed correlation, and preventing overheating of the tissue by the laser welder.

公开(公告)号：US06495833B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

申请号：US09598705

申请日：2000-06-21

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Ping-Pei Ho

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Ping-Pei Ho

IPC: G01N2188

CPC classification number: G01N21/4795 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/8422

Abstract: A system for non-destructively imaging surfaces through a coating, in accordance with the present invention, includes a near-infrared (NIR) light source for illuminating a coated surface. A detector is positioned in an operative relationship with the NIR light source to receive light backscattered from the coated surface and from the coating. A gating device is positioned in an operative relationship with the detector to selectively permit light to pass to the detector to measure optical characteristics of the backscattered light such that determinations of a state of a surface below the coating is determined based on the optical characteristics of the backscattered light. Methods for performing the non-destructive imaging of the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的用于通过涂层非破坏性地成像表面的系统包括用于照射涂覆表面的近红外（NIR）光源。 检测器与NIR光源处于可操作的关系中，以接收从涂覆表面和涂层反射的光。 选通装置与检测器处于可操作的关系中，以选择性地允许光通过检测器以测量背向散射光的光学特性，使得基于涂层的光学特性确定涂层下面的表面状态的确定 背散射光。 还公开了用于执行本发明的非破坏性成像的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06240312B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-29

申请号：US09178275

申请日：1998-10-23

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Scott Alfano ,  Quan-Zhen Wang ,  Ping Pei Ho

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Scott Alfano ,  Quan-Zhen Wang ,  Ping Pei Ho

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: A61B1/041 ,  A61B1/00016 ,  A61B1/00027 ,  A61B1/00156 ,  A61B5/0031 ,  A61B5/07 ,  A61B34/35 ,  A61B34/72 ,  A61B2034/303 ,  A61B2562/028 ,  Y10S128/903

Abstract: Remote-controllable, micro-scale, robotic device for use in diagnosing and/or treating abnormalities inside a human body in vivo. The device has a length from 0.1 mm to 10 mm and can be introduced into the body either from natural body openings or by injection into the blood stream. Once inside the body, the device can be guided to different locations in the body by an outside operator using radio controls and computer software. 2-dimensional image information and spectroscopic information (e.g., fluorescence, absorption, elastic scattering, Raman, etc.) gathered by the device inside the body are transmitted by video and radio signals to a computer located externally relative to the body. The transmitted information is processed, analyzed and displayed by the external computer for use by the outside operator. The outside operator can then make a diagnosis and, if applicable, instruct the device to render a treatment on the examined area. Such treatments include the ablation of tissue using lasers or the like and the binding of ruptured tissues together using chemical glue, UV cured epoxy materials or photochemical or photo-ionization techniques using near-infrared light to weld tissue from absorption at water bands.

Abstract translation: 用于诊断和/或治疗体内人体内异常的远程可控，微型，机器人装置。 该装置具有0.1mm至10mm的长度，并且可以从天然体开口或通过注入血流引入体内。 一旦进入体内，可以通过外部操作员使用无线电控制和计算机软件将装置引导到身体的不同位置。 通过视频和无线电信号将由身体内部的装置收集的2维图像信息和光谱信息（例如，荧光，吸收，弹性散射，拉曼等）传输到相对于身体外部的计算机。 所发送的信息由外部计算机处理，分析和显示以供外部操作者使用。 然后，外部操作人员进行诊断，如果适用，则指示设备对被检查区域进行处理。 这种治疗包括使用激光等消融组织，并使用化学胶，UV固化的环氧树脂材料或使用近红外光的光化学或光电离技术将破裂的组织结合在一起，以将组织从水带吸收焊接。

公开(公告)号：US6091983A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-18

申请号：US797027

申请日：1997-02-07

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/0059

Abstract: A method and system for imaging an object in a turbid medium. According to one embodiment, the method involves (a) making the object luminescent by adding to the object a contrast agent of the type that emits at least partially polarized light when appropriately excited with polarized radiation; (b) exciting the luminescent object through the turbid medium with polarized radiation so as to cause luminescent light to be emitted from the luminescent object, the luminescent light initially being at least partially polarized; (c) after the luminescent light has emerged from the turbid medium, the luminescent light consisting of a ballistic component, a snake-like component and a diffuse component, detecting a pair of complementary polarization components of the luminescent light; and (d) forming an image of the object using the pair of complementary polarization components.

Abstract translation: 用于对浑浊介质中的物体进行成像的方法和系统。 根据一个实施例，该方法包括：（a）通过向对象添加当用偏振辐射适当地激发时发射至少部分偏振光的类型的造影剂来使物体发光; （b）通过具有偏振辐射的混浊介质激发发光物体，从而使发光从发光物体发射，发光光最初至少部分极化; （c）在从混浊介质出射发光后，检测出发光光的一对互补极化分量的由弹道成分，蛇状成分和扩散成分构成的发光; 和（d）使用该对互补偏振分量形成对象的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5983125A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US522827

申请日：1995-09-01

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Yury Budansky

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B10/00 ,  A61B10/02 ,  A61B19/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/6848 ,  A61B90/17 ,  A61B10/0233 ,  A61B5/0071

Abstract: Method and apparatus for examining subcutaneous tissues inside organs of the body. The method comprises the steps of (a) providing an optic probe positioning assembly comprising a solid needle and a hollow tube, the solid needle being sheathed inside the hollow tube; (b) subcutaneously inserting the positioning assembly into a tissue sample to be examined; (c) removing the solid needle from the tissue sample, leaving the hollow tube in place in the tissue; (d) then, inserting an optic probe through the hollow tube into proximity with the tissue sample; (e) optically determining the condition of the tissue sample using the optic probe; (f) after the optically determining step, removing the optic probe from the hollow tube; (g) then, inserting a biopsy needle into the hollow tube; (h) then, excising at least a portion of the tissue sample; and (i) then, removing the biopsy needle and the excised tissue sample from the hollow tube.

Abstract translation: 检查身体器官内皮下组织的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供包括实心针和中空管的光学探针定位组件，所述实心针被套在中空管内; （b）将定位组件皮下插入待检查的组织样品中; （c）从组织样品中取出固体针，将中空管置于组织中的适当位置; （d）然后，将光学探针通过中空管插入到组织样本附近; （e）使用所述光学探针光学确定所述组织样品的状况; （f）在光学测定步骤之后，从中空管中去除光学探针; （g）然后将活检针插入中空管中; （h）然后切除组织样品的至少一部分; 和（i）然后从中空管中去除活检针和切除的组织样品。

公开(公告)号：US5467767A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-21

申请号：US112291

申请日：1993-08-27

Applicant: Robert R. Alfano ,  Asima Pradhan ,  Guichen C. Tang ,  Leming Wang ,  Yury Budansky ,  Bidyut B. Das

Inventor： Robert R. Alfano ,  Asima Pradhan ,  Guichen C. Tang ,  Leming Wang ,  Yury Budansky ,  Bidyut B. Das

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  B23K26/06 ,  G01N21/64 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/6408 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  B23K26/0624 ,  G01N21/6486 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  G01N2021/6417

Abstract: A method for determining if tissue is malignant as opposed to non-malignant (i.e., benign tumor tissue, benign tissue, or normal tissue). In one embodiment, the method comprises irradiating a human breast tissue sample with light at a wavelength of about 310 nm and measuring the time-resolved fluorescence emitted therefrom at about 340 nm. The time-resolved fluorescence profile is then compared to similar profiles obtained from known malignant and non-malignant human breast tissues. By fitting the profiles to the formula I(t)=A.sub.1 e.sup.(-t/.tau. 1.sup.) +A.sub.2 e.sup.(-t/.tau. 2.sup.), one can quantify the differences between tissues of various conditions. For example, non-malignant human breast tissues exhibit a slow component (.tau..sub.2) which is less than 1.6 ns whereas malignant human breast tissues exhibit a slow component (.tau..sub.2) which is greater than 1.6 ns. In addition, non-malignant human breast tissues exhibit a ratio of fast to slow amplitudes (A.sub.1 /A.sub.2) which is greater than 0.85 whereas malignant human breast tissues exhibit a ratio of fast to slow amplitudes (A.sub.1 /A.sub.2) which is less than 0.6. This technique can be used with different excitation and/or emission wavelengths, and can be applied to the detection of malignancies (or other abnormal states) in tissues other than human breast tissue.

Abstract translation: 与非恶性（即良性肿瘤组织，良性组织或正常组织）相反，确定组织是否为恶性的方法。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括用约310nm波长的光照射人乳房组织样品，并测量在约340nm发射的时间分辨荧光。 然后将时间分辨的荧光图谱与从已知的恶性和非恶性人乳腺组织获得的相似特征进行比较。 通过拟合公式I（t）= A1e（-t / tau1）+ A2e（-t / tau2），可以量化各种条件的组织之间的差异。 例如，非恶性人乳腺组织表现出小于1.6ns的缓慢成分（tau 2），而恶性人乳腺组织表现出大于1.6ns的缓慢成分（tau 2）。 此外，非恶性人乳腺组织表现出快于慢振幅（A1 / A2）的比值大于0.85，而恶性人乳腺组织表现出快于慢振幅（A1 / A2）的比值小于0.6 。 该技术可以用于不同的激发和/或发射波长，并且可以应用于除人乳腺组织以外的组织中的恶性肿瘤（或其他异常状态）的检测。