摘要:
The present invention is directed to methods of diagnosing and treating a fibrotic condition in a mammalian subject. These methods involve measuring the levels of trimethylation at lysine residue 27 of histone-3 and/or measuring the expression levels of EZH2 or YY-1. Agents useful for treating fibrosis or a fibrotic condition are also disclosed.
摘要:
A Zener diode is fabricated on a semiconductor substrate having semiconductor material thereon. The Zener diode includes a first well region having a first conductivity type, formed in the semiconductor material. The Zener diode also includes a first region having a second conductivity type, formed in the first well region (the second conductivity type is opposite the first conductivity type). The Zener diode also includes a second region having the first conductivity type, wherein the second region is formed in the first well region and overlying the first region. An electrode is formed in the first region, and the electrode is electrically coupled to the second region.
摘要:
By providing a novel bipolar device design implementation, a standard CMOS process (105-109) can be used unchanged to fabricate useful bipolar transistors (80) and other bipolar devices having adjustable properties by partially blocking the P or N well doping (25) used for the transistor base (581). This provides a hump-shaped base (583, 584) region with an adjustable base width (79), thereby achieving, for example, higher gain than can be obtained with the unmodified CMOS process (101-104) alone. By further partially blocking the source/drain doping step (107) used to form the emitter (74) of the bipolar transistor (80), the emitter shape and effective base width (79) can be further varied to provide additional control over the bipolar device (80) properties. The embodiments thus include prescribed modifications to the masks (57, 62, 72, 46) associated with the bipolar device (80) that are configured to obtain desired device properties. The CMOS process steps (105-109) and flow are otherwise unaltered and no additional process steps are required.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate (20), a source region (58) formed over the substrate, a drain region (62) formed over the substrate, a first gate electrode (36) over the substrate adjacent to the source region and between the source and drain regions, and a second gate electrode (38) over the substrate adjacent to the drain region and between the source and drain regions.
摘要:
An improved device (20) is provided, comprising, merged vertical (251) and lateral transistors (252), comprising thin collector regions (34) of a first conductivity type sandwiched between upper (362) and lower (30) base regions of opposite conductivity type that are Ohmically coupled via intermediate regions (32, 361) of the same conductivity type and to the base contact (38). The emitter (40) is provided in the upper base region (362) and the collector contact (42) is provided in outlying sinker regions (28) extending to the thin collector regions (34) and an underlying buried layer (28). As the collector voltage increases part of the thin collector regions (34) become depleted of carriers from the top by the upper (362) and from the bottom by the lower (30) base regions. This clamps the thin collector regions' (34) voltage well below the breakdown voltage of the PN junction formed between the buried layer (28) and the lower base region (30). The gain and Early Voltage are increased and decoupled and a higher breakdown voltage is obtained.
摘要:
Improved Schottky diodes (20) with reduced leakage current and improved breakdown voltage are provided by building a JFET (56) into the diode, serially located in the anode-cathode current path (32). The gates of the JFET (56) formed by doped regions (38, 40) placed above and below the diode's current path (32) are coupled to the anode (312) of the diode (20), and the current path (32) passes through the channel region (46) of the JFET (56). Operation is automatic so that as the reverse voltage increases, the JFET (56) channel region (46) pinches off, thereby limiting the leakage current and clamping the voltage across the Schottky junction (50) at a level below the Schottky junction (50) breakdown. Increased reverse voltage can be safely applied until the device eventually breaks down elsewhere. The impact on device area and area efficiency is minimal and the device can be built using a standard fabrication process so that it can be easily integrated into complex ICs.
摘要:
A therapeutic compound consisting of human telomerase, its catalytic subunit hTert, or a known variant of either, and a biodegradable nanoparticle carrier, which can be administered to cells in a cell culture or in a living animal, is provided herein. The therapeutic compound is envisioned as a method for treating a wide variety of age-related diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, aplastic anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, arteriosclerosis, macular degeneration, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's, diabetes type 2, and any disease that correlates with telomere shortening and may be corrected or ameliorated by lengthening telomeres. The therapeutic compound is also envisioned as method for potentially treating more generic problems of human aging. The nanoparticle carrier is comprised of certain biodegradable biocompatible polymers such as poly(lactide-co-glycolide), poly(lactic acid), poly(alkylene glycol), polybutylcyanoacrylate, poly(methylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid), poly-allylamine, polyanhydride, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polycaprolactone, lactide-caprolactone copolymers, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyalkylcyanoacrylates, polyanhydrides, polyorthoester or a combination thereof. The nanoparticle may incorporate a targeting moiety to direct the nanoparticle to a particular tissue type or a location within a cell. The nanoparticle may incorporate a plasticizer to facilitate sustained release of telomerase such as L-tartaric acid dimethyl ester, triethyl citrate, or glyceryl triacetate. A nanoparticle of the present invention can further contain a polymer that affects the charge or lipophilicity or hydrophilicity of the particle. Any biocompatible hydrophilic polymer can be used for this purpose, including but not limited to, poly(vinyl alcohol).
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate (20), a source region (58) formed over the substrate, a drain region (62) formed over the substrate, a first gate electrode (36) over the substrate adjacent to the source region and between the source and drain regions, and a second gate electrode (38) over the substrate adjacent to the drain region and between the source and drain regions.
摘要:
The present invention provides the molecular basis for cytokine induction of NF-&kgr;B-dependent immune and inflammatory responses, emphasizing a role for both NIK-NIK and NIK-IKK protein—protein interactions. A relatively small region of NIK selectively impairs the NIK-IKK interaction. The present invention provides a novel and highly specific method for modulating NF-&kgr;B-dependent immune, inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic responses, based on interruption of the critical protein—protein interaction of NIK and IKK. The present invention provides methods for inhibiting NF-&kgr;B-dependent gene expression, using mutant NIK proteins. One embodiment of the present invention provides kinase-deficient NIK mutant proteins that inhibit activation of IKK. Another embodiment of the invention provides N-terminus NIK mutant proteins that bind IKK, thus inhibiting NIK/IKK interaction.
摘要:
Silicon dioxide thin film have been deposited at temperatures from 25° C. to 250° C. by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using tetramethylsilane (TMS) as the silicon containing precursor. At these temperatures, the PETMS oxide films have been found to exhibit adjustable stress and adjustable conformality. Post deposition annealing in forming gas at or below the deposition temperatures has been shown to be very effective in improving the PETMS oxide properties while preserving the low temperature aspect of the PETMS oxides.