Waveguides with cladding layers of gradated refractive index

    公开(公告)号:US11067749B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-07-20

    申请号:US16690835

    申请日:2019-11-21

    Abstract: Structures for a waveguide and methods of fabricating a structure for a waveguide. A first layer and a second layer are positioned in a layer stack on a surface of a waveguide core. The first layer is positioned in the layer stack between the second layer and the surface of the waveguide core. The waveguide core is composed of a first material having a first refractive index, the first layer is composed of a second material having a second refractive index that is less than the first refractive index of the first material, and the second layer is composed of a third material having a third refractive index that is less than the second refractive index of the second material.

    WAVEGUIDE-CONFINING LAYER WITH GAIN MEDIUM TO EMIT SUBWAVELENGTH LASERS, AND METHOD TO FORM SAME

    公开(公告)号:US20210194201A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-06-24

    申请号:US16718329

    申请日:2019-12-18

    Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a waveguide-confining layer, a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) die with embodiments of a waveguide-confining layer, and methods to form the same. The waveguide-confining layer may include an oxide layer over a buried insulator layer, a silicon-based optical confinement structure embedded within or positioned on the oxide layer, and first and second blocking layers over the oxide layer and separated from each other by a horizontal slot. The first and second blocking layers include a metal or an oxide. A gain medium is positioned on the oxide layer and within the horizontal slot between the first and second blocking layers, and has a lower refractive index than each of the first and second blocking layers. The gain medium is vertically aligned with the silicon-based optical confinement structure, and a portion of the oxide layer separates the gain medium from the silicon-based optical confinement structure.

    Electro-optic modulators with stacked layers

    公开(公告)号:US11415821B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-08-16

    申请号:US16868631

    申请日:2020-05-07

    Abstract: Structures for an electro-optic modulator and methods of fabricating a structure for an electro-optic modulator. The electro-optic modulator has a layer stack arranged over a section of a waveguide core. The layer stack includes a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. The first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are each composed of either copper or indium-tin oxide.

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