Electrochemical sensor for oxygen concentration determination in gases
and method of making the same
    61.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical sensor for oxygen concentration determination in gases and method of making the same 失效
    用于气体中氧浓度测定的电化学传感器及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US4280890A

    公开(公告)日:1981-07-28

    申请号:US130453

    申请日:1980-03-14

    摘要: To decrease the quantity of catalytically active noble metal used in a Cermet (ceramic-metal) electrode, particularly one containing platinum, the electrode has a non-uniform noble metal concentration, with respect to its cross section, so that the outer region thereof consists essentially only of ceramic material, protecting the softer noble metal which is subject to erosion, and permitting a higher concentration of noble metal close to the solid electrolyte body where it is most needed. This type of electrode can be applied, for example, by concurrent spraying of an aqueous suspension of noble metal-and-ceramic from one nozzle, and a suspension of only ceramic from another nozzle, and varying the throughput through the two nozzles, first only spraying the metal-ceramic mixture and then starting the ceramic-only suspension while decreasing the mixture suspension until only ceramic material is sprayed; in accordance with another method, the solid electrolyte body can, for example, be dipped in sequential suspensions or have sequential suspensions applied thereto by dripping-on, painting-on, or the like. The electrode and the solid electrolyte body, for example zirconium dioxide, are then sintered.

    摘要翻译: 为了减少在金属陶瓷(陶瓷 - 金属)电极中使用的催化活性贵金属的量,特别是含铂的电极,相对于其横截面,电极具有不均匀的贵金属浓度,使得其外部区域 基本上只有陶瓷材料,保护被腐蚀的较软的贵金属,并允许更接近固体电解质体的最高浓度的贵金属。 这种类型的电极可以例如通过从一个喷嘴同时喷射贵金属和陶瓷的水性悬浮液和仅来自另一个喷嘴的陶瓷的悬浮液并且通过两个喷嘴改变通过量首先应用 喷涂金属陶瓷混合物,然后启动仅陶瓷的悬浮液,同时减少混合物悬浮液,直到只喷涂陶瓷材料; 根据另一种方法,固体电解质体可以例如浸渍在连续悬浮液中,或者通过滴加,喷涂等施用于其上的顺序悬浮液。 然后烧结电极和固体电解质体,例如二氧化锆。

    Electrochemical sensor, particularly for internal combustion engine
exhaust gas composition determination, and method of its manufacture
    62.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical sensor, particularly for internal combustion engine exhaust gas composition determination, and method of its manufacture 失效
    电化学传感器,特别是用于内燃机废气成分测定及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US4276142A

    公开(公告)日:1981-06-30

    申请号:US57253

    申请日:1979-07-12

    摘要: To increase the sensitivity of internal combustion engine exhaust gas sensors, which provide a voltage jump output upon transition of the composition of the exhaust between reducing and oxidizing state, and to maintain the porosity of a platinum, or platinum metal alloy layer forming an electrode on a body of zirconium dioxide, the electrode or electrode layer has dispersed therein an oxide or a carbide of a metal which impedes or inhibits recrystallization at the temperatures to which the sensor is exposed, for example 1000.degree. C., typically zirconium, titanium, tantalum, niobium, aluminum or thorium oxide, or titanium or tantalum carbide, applied, for example, by sequential vaporization of platinum or a platinum metal alloy and the respective metal forming the oxide, in an atmosphere containing residual oxygen, and then oxidizing the remaining metal being applied; or by simultaneous application of a carbide and platinum, for example during simultaneous cathodic atomization, or electron beam vaporization of the respective materials, to form a porous electrode layer of about 2-3 .mu.m thickness, containing approximately 5-40 mol-% of the recrystallization-inhibiting material and having a square resistance not exceeding 20 ohm-square resistance.

    摘要翻译: 为了提高内燃机废气传感器的灵敏度,其在还原和氧化状态之间的排气组成转变时提供电压跳跃输出,并且保持形成电极的铂或铂金属合金层的孔隙率 一个二氧化锆体,电极或电极层已经分散有氧化物或金属的碳化物,其在传感器暴露的温度下阻止或抑制再结晶,例如1000℃,通常为锆,钛,钽 ,铌,铝或氧化钍,或钛或碳化钽,例如通过在含有残余氧气的气氛中铂铂或铂金属合金和形成氧化物的相应金属的顺序蒸发,然后氧化剩余的金属 被应用 或者通过同时施加碳化物和铂,例如在同时阴极雾化或各种材料的电子束汽化过程中,形成大约2-3μm厚度的多孔电极层,其含有约5-40mol%的 该重结晶抑制材料具有不超过20欧姆方形电阻的方形电阻。

    Method for producing ceramic powders utilizing gas-displacing or gas-generating additives
    64.
    发明授权
    Method for producing ceramic powders utilizing gas-displacing or gas-generating additives 失效
    使用置换气体或产生气体的添加剂生产陶瓷粉末的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06582669B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-06-24

    申请号:US09529481

    申请日:2000-07-05

    IPC分类号: C04B3500

    CPC分类号: C04B35/626 C04B35/486

    摘要: A method is described for producing a ceramic powder, in which at least one ceramic base powder or ceramic slurry is subject to a heat treatment for generating an intermediate product from which the ceramic powder is produced. The ceramic base powder, the ceramic slurry, or an optionally added additive is transformed in the heat treatment such that gas components are essentially avoided in the ceramic powder or such that gases released from the ceramic base powder or from the ceramic slurry adjust a partial pressure in the ceramic powder.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种用于制造陶瓷粉末的方法,其中至少一种陶瓷基础粉末或陶瓷浆料经受热处理以产生从其制备陶瓷粉末的中间产物。 将陶瓷基础粉末,陶瓷浆料或任选添加的添加剂转化为热处理,使得在陶瓷粉末中基本上避免了气体组分,或者使得从陶瓷粉末或陶瓷浆料释放的气体调节分压 在陶瓷粉末中。

    Method of producing an insulation layer, and sensor
    65.
    发明授权
    Method of producing an insulation layer, and sensor 失效
    制造绝缘层的方法和传感器

    公开(公告)号:US06367309B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-09

    申请号:US09441974

    申请日:1999-11-17

    IPC分类号: G01N33497

    CPC分类号: G01N27/417

    摘要: An insulation layer of a heating device for a sensor for determination of oxygen concentration in gas mixtures, in particular exhaust gasses of an internal combustion engine, is produced by applying a silicate-free insulation base material consisting only of barium oxide and/or strontium oxide with aluminum oxide to coat the heating device (50) and then heating the heating device with the insulation base material applied to it to temperatures of about 1350° to 1600° C. to form the insulation layer (60) by sintering. The sensor includes a Nernst measuring cell provided with a first electrode (16) and a second electrode (18) arranged in a solid electrolyte (20). The insulation layer (60) is arranged between the solid electrolyte (20) and the heating device (50).

    摘要翻译: 通过施加仅由氧化钡和/或氧化锶组成的无硅酸盐的绝缘基材,制造用于确定气体混合物中的氧浓度的传感器的绝热层,特别是内燃机的废气。 用氧化铝涂覆加热装置(50),然后将施加到其上的绝缘基材加热到约1350℃至1600℃的温度,通过烧结形成绝缘层(60)。 传感器包括能斯特测量单元,该测量单元设置有布置在固体电解质(20)中的第一电极(16)和第二电极(18)。 绝缘层(60)设置在固体电解质(20)和加热装置(50)之间。

    Seal seat for an electrochemical sensor element
    66.
    发明授权
    Seal seat for an electrochemical sensor element 失效
    用于电化学传感器元件的密封座

    公开(公告)号:US5739441A

    公开(公告)日:1998-04-14

    申请号:US727677

    申请日:1996-10-17

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4078 G01N27/407

    摘要: An arrangement of a sensor element of an electrochemical measuring sensor in a metallic housing is proposed, wherein the sensor element (13) in the form of a tube closed at one end rests with a metallic sealing ring (18) on a seal seat (16) implemented on the housing. The seal seat (16) is designed as a raised circular ring surface having a radius (r), with the sealing ring (18) orienting itself tangentially with respect to the radius (r).

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 00574 Sec。 371日期1996年10月17日第 102(e)日期1996年10月17日PCT 1996年3月26日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 35119 日期1996年11月7日提出了金属壳体中的电化学测量传感器的传感器元件的布置,其中以一端封闭的管形式的传感器元件(13)由金属密封环(18) 在壳体上实施的密封座(16)。 密封座(16)被设计为具有半径(r)的凸起圆环表面,密封环(18)相对于半径(r)自身定向。

    Electrochemical measuring element having a potential-free sensor element
    67.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical measuring element having a potential-free sensor element 失效
    具有无电位传感器元件的电化学测量元件

    公开(公告)号:US5690800A

    公开(公告)日:1997-11-25

    申请号:US687339

    申请日:1996-08-01

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4078 G01N27/407

    摘要: Proposed is an electrochemical measuring instrument (10) for determining the oxygen content in gas mixtures, in particular exhaust gases from combustion engines, with a sensor element (14) that is installed potential-free in a metal casing (11). The sensor element (14) has an oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte body (23) in the shape of a tube closed on one side, with electrodes (25, 26) and connections (27, 28), and is fitted inside the casing (11) with a metal sealing ring (20). The connection (27) which runs along the outer surface of solid electrolyte body (23) is covered with an electrically insulating layer (21), at least in the area surrounding sealing ring (20). In addition, a ductile cover layer (31) that spans solid electrolyte body (23) is applied over insulating layer (21) in the area surrounding sealing ring (20), with which the sensor element (14) rests on sealing ring (20).

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01684第 371日期:1996年8月1日 102(e)日期1996年8月1日PCT提交1995年11月28日PCT公布。 WO96 / 21147 PCT出版物 日期1996年7月11日提出了一种电化学测量仪器(10),用于确定气体混合物中的氧含量,特别是来自内燃发动机的废气,其中传感器元件(14)在金属壳体(11)中无电势地安装 )。 传感器元件(14)具有氧气离子传导固体电解质体(23),该氧离子传导固态电解质体(23)的形状为一侧封闭,电极(25,26)和连接部分(27,28) 11)与金属密封环(20)。 至少在密封环(20)周围的区域中,沿固体电解质体(23)的外表面延伸的连接部分(27)被电绝缘层(21)覆盖。 此外,跨越固体电解质体(23)的延展性覆盖层(31)被施加在密封环(20)周围的区域的绝缘层(21)上,传感器元件(14)通过该密封环(20)靠在密封环 )。

    Electrochemical sensor
    68.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical sensor 失效
    电化学传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5662786A

    公开(公告)日:1997-09-02

    申请号:US807163

    申请日:1991-12-13

    IPC分类号: G01N27/407 G01N27/409

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4075

    摘要: The electrochemical sensor for determination of an oxygen content of exhaust gases, includes a probe element including a tube made from a raw material mixture consisting essentially of an ionically conductive solid electrolyte; an outer electrode located on the outer surface of the tube; a substantially pore-free conductor strip layer located on the outer surface, connected to the outer electrode, and extending toward the open end, the conductor strip layer having a portion in close proximity to the tube open end; and a substantially pore-free cover layer hermetically covering at least the portion of the pore-free conductor strip layer in close proximity to the open end of the tube, the cover layer being made from a cover layer material including the ionically conductive solid electrolyte. The cover layer material advantageously a sintering activity which is at least equal to that of the raw material mixture from which the tube is made. The conductor strip layer consists essentially of a ceramic supporting framework and an electron-conducting material. The ceramic ceramic binder has at least the same sintering activity as the cover layer material.

    摘要翻译: 用于确定废气氧含量的电化学传感器包括探针元件,其包括由基本上由离子导电固体电解质组成的原料混合物制成的管; 位于所述管的外表面上的外电极; 位于所述外表面上的基本上无孔的导体条带层,其连接到所述外电极并且朝向所述开口端延伸,所述导体带层具有紧邻所述管开口端的部分; 以及基本无孔的覆盖层,其至少密封地覆盖无孔导体带层的靠近管的开口端的部分,覆盖层由包括离子导电固体电解质的覆盖层材料制成。 覆盖层材料有利地是至少等于制造管的原料混合物的烧结活性。 导体带层基本上由陶瓷支撑框架和电子传导材料组成。 陶瓷陶瓷粘合剂具有与覆盖层材料至少相同的烧结活性。

    Electrode and process for manufacturing it
    69.
    发明授权
    Electrode and process for manufacturing it 失效
    电极及其制造工艺

    公开(公告)号:US5477022A

    公开(公告)日:1995-12-19

    申请号:US78154

    申请日:1993-06-14

    CPC分类号: H01T13/39

    摘要: An electrical-discharge electrode, in particular a spark-plug electrode, having a main electrode body made of metal, the main electrode body, in particular at least its tip, is provided with an intermetallic phase composed of nickel aluminides, and a method of producing this electrical-discharge electrode.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00889 Sec。 371日期:1993年6月14日 102(e)日期1993年6月14日PCT 1991年11月15日PCT PCT。 WO92 / 10868 PCT出版物 日期:1992年6月25日。具有由金属制成的主电极体的放电电极,特别是火花塞电极,主电极体,特别是至少其尖端,设置有金属间相,由 镍铝化物,以及制造该放电电极的方法。

    Method of protecting catalytic converters for exhaust gas purification
and heat tone sensor for implementing the method
    70.
    发明授权
    Method of protecting catalytic converters for exhaust gas purification and heat tone sensor for implementing the method 失效
    保护废气净化用催化转化器和实现该方法的热色调传感器的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5473304A

    公开(公告)日:1995-12-05

    申请号:US971904

    申请日:1992-12-28

    摘要: A method is disclosed for the protection of catalytic converters for exhaust gas purification by measuring the temperature with a heat tone sensor suitable particularly for the implementation of the method, wherein a heat tone sensor composed of at least two NTC or PTC resistors and provided with a coating of a catalytically active material on the sensor in the region of at least one of these resistors is arranged ahead of the catalytic converter in the exhaust gas stream or a part thereof, with the catalytically active material initiating the same exothermal reactions as they take place in the catalytic converter employed for the exhaust gas purification. If the resistor is overheated due to an overly intensive exothermal reaction, resulting in a change in resistance, the heat tone sensor detects the drop in the throughput rate of the catalytic converter.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00447 Sec。 371日期1992年12月28日 102(e)日期1992年12月28日PCT提交1993年5月8日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 1992年1月9日公开了一种用于通过用于实施该方法的热色调传感器测量温度来保护用于废气净化的催化转化器的方法,其中由至少两个NTC组成的热音传感器 或PTC电阻器并且在这些电阻器中的至少一个的区域中在传感器上提供催化活性材料的涂层布置在排气流或其一部分中的催化转化器之前,催化活性材料起始于 在用于废气净化的催化转化器中发生相同的放热反应。 如果由于过度强烈的放热反应导致电阻器过热,导致电阻变化,则热调传感器检测催化转化器的生产率下降。