公开(公告)号：US20050256592A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-17

申请号：US10510181

申请日：2003-04-04

Applicant: Franciscus Johanna Martens

Inventor： Franciscus Johanna Martens

IPC: G05B19/05 ,  C10J3/46 ,  G05B9/02 ,  G05B11/01

CPC classification number: G05B9/02 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B2203/025 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/726 ,  C10J3/728 ,  C10J2300/1223

Abstract: A method to control a process, wherein the status of the process can be altered by a multitude of actions, wherein the action is controlled by basic control units, wherein at least one basic control unit is coordinated by at least one group control unit and wherein this basic control unit has the following functions: (b1) means to receive and priority handle a request for a basic control action from one or more group control units or from the operator to be performed by said basic control unit, (b2) means to receive and transform information from the process and/or output from basic control unit(s) and/or output from group control unit(s) into a permit required to start or to continue to execute said action, (b3) means to receive lockouts from basic control unit(s) and/or from group control unit(s) and/or from the operator and/or from the basic control unit itself to prevent the start or to initiate the termination of said action and force the default status or shut-down sequence of the basic control unit until the received lockout(s) has (have) been removed and also a reset has been activated, (b4) means to process an internal lockout and/or export an output or lockout, which output/lockout is related to the status of said action and (b5) means to execute said required action according to a logic or sequence according to which the basic control unit operates, and wherein at least one of these group control unit comprises the following functions: (g1) means to receive and priority handle a request for a group control action from an even higher hierarchy control unit or from the operator to be performed by said group control unit, (g2) means to receive and transform information from the process and/or from basic control unit(s) and/or from group control unit(s) into a permit required to start or to continue to execute said group action, (g3) means to receive lockouts from basic control unit(s) and/or from group control unit(s) and/or from the operator and/or from the group control unit itself to prevent the start or to initiate the termination of said action and force the default status or shut-down sequence of the group control unit until the received lockout(s) has (have) been removed and also a reset has been activated, (g4) means to process an internal lockout and/or export an output or lockout which output/lockout is related to the status of said group action and (g5) means to execute said required group action according to a logic or sequence according to which the group control unit operates.

公开(公告)号：US20050192362A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-01

申请号：US10954507

申请日：2004-09-29

Applicant: Domingo Rodriguez ,  Alfredo Morales ,  Julian Blanco ,  Manuel Romero ,  Aldo Steinfeld

Inventor： Domingo Rodriguez ,  Alfredo Morales ,  Julian Blanco ,  Manuel Romero ,  Aldo Steinfeld

IPC: C01B3/34 ,  C10G32/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C07C27/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0211 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C10G32/00 ,  C10J2300/09 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1284 ,  Y02P20/134

Abstract: A process for thermochemical conversion of heavy oil and petroleum coke to fluid fuels includes the steps of: providing a fossil fuel selected from the group consisting of heavy oil, petroleum coke and mixtures thereof; and exposing the fossil fuel to an external source of concentrated radiation so as to increase the temperature of the fossil fuel, supply high-temperature heat required for the desired endothermic conversion process, and convert the fossil fuel to a product selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, gaseous hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.

Abstract translation: 将重油和石油焦热化学转化成流体燃料的方法包括以下步骤：提供选自重油，石油焦及其混合物的化石燃料; 并将化石燃料暴露于外部浓缩辐射源，以增加化石燃料的温度，提供所需吸热转化过程所需的高温热，并将化石燃料转化为选自以下的产品： 氢，一氧化碳，气态烃及其混合物。

公开(公告)号：US20050072152A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-07

申请号：US10501794

申请日：2003-03-28

Applicant: Minoru Suzuki ,  Katsuhiro Iwasaki ,  Takashi Nakayama

Inventor： Minoru Suzuki ,  Katsuhiro Iwasaki ,  Takashi Nakayama

IPC: C01B3/56 ,  C10J3/04 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/78 ,  F01K25/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C10J3/04 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10K1/02 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing hydrogen and a hydrogen production plant are provided. In the method, hydrogen production requiring high temperature is performed at low cost using energy of relatively low-temperature exhaust heat discharged form various types of heat processes, and the apparatus can readily start and suspend operation and whose running cost and equipment cost are reduced. These are achieved by a method for producing hydrogen and a hydrogen production apparatus and plant for realizing the method. The method includes the step of heating a fluid to turn into a high-pressure gas having a pressure at least five times as high as the internal pressure of the hydrogen production apparatus before reaction by heat exchange with a heat source; the step of instantaneously releasing the high-pressure gas into the hydrogen production apparatus to generate a shock wave; the step of feeding a raw material into the hydrogen production apparatus before the generation of the shock wave; and the step of impact-compressing the raw material by the shock wave to heat the raw material, thereby producing hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种生产氢气和氢气生产设备的方法和装置。 在该方法中，使用从各种热处理排出的相对低温排放热的能量，以低成本进行需要高温的氢气生产，并且该装置可以容易地启动和暂停运行，并且运行成本和设备成本降低。 这些是通过生产氢的方法和用于实现该方法的氢气生产装置和设备来实现的。 该方法包括以下步骤：在与热源进行热交换反应之前，将流体加热成为具有至少5倍于氢气制备装置的内压的压力的高压气体; 将高压气体瞬间释放到氢气制备装置中产生冲击波的步骤; 在产生冲击波之前将原料进料到氢气制备装置中的步骤; 以及通过冲击波冲击压缩原料的步骤以加热原料，从而产生氢。

公开(公告)号：US20040232046A1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-25

申请号：US10487087

申请日：2004-02-19

Inventor： Hiroshi Tanaka ,  Kazuaki Ota ,  Wenbin Dai ,  Wataru Saiki ,  Gang Bai ,  Ryouhei Mori

IPC: B01J008/04 ,  B01J035/02 ,  C10J003/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/34 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0222 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/063 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1252 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/1628 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/58 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/1696 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K3/006 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: An apparatus as a suitable embodiment, wherein a reactor (102) has a nozzle (means for supplying a raw material, an oxidizing agent and water) (103), a high temperature and high pressure gas formed by reacting the raw material with oxygen or the like in an oxidizing agent under a water-containing atmosphere is introduced to a heat exchanger (104) which is provided between a pressure vessel (101) and the reactor (102), the pressure vessel (101) has a water inlet (114) connected with a water supply line (106) and an opening (117) for a discharge line (105) for a formed gas which is connected with the heat exchanger (104), and the nozzle (103) has a flow route for supplying water present between the pressure vessel (101) and the reactor (102) to the inside of the reactor(102); and a method for pyrolysis and gasification using the apparatus. The apparatus can be used for carrying out the pyrolysis of a hydrocarbon material with good efficiency, without the use of a catalyst and the supply of hydrogen from outside, and for improving the yield of an oil fraction and a pyrolysis gas, through gasifying the residue generated as a result of pyrolysis into a combustion gas to thereby use the whole of the material. Further, the method allows the separation of metal impurities in a raw material as s solid, which leads to the reuse of such metal impurities as a resource.

Abstract translation: 作为适当的实施方案的装置，其中反应器（102）具有喷嘴（用于供给原料，氧化剂和水的装置）（103），通过使原料与氧反应形成的高温高压气体 在含水气氛下的氧化剂中的类似物被引入设置在压力容器（101）和反应器（102）之间的热交换器（104）中，压力容器（101）具有进水口（114） ）与用于与所述热交换器（104）连接的成形气体的排出管线（105）的开口（117）与所述供水管线（106）连接，并且所述喷嘴（103）具有用于供给的流动路径 存在于压力容器（101）和反应器（102）之间的反应器（102）内部的水; 以及使用该装置的热解和气化的方法。 该装置可用于以高效率进行碳氢化合物材料的热解，而不需要使用催化剂和从外部供应氢气，并且通过气化残余物来提高油馏分和裂解气的产率 由于热解成燃烧气体而产生，从而使用整个材料。 此外，该方法允许原料中的金属杂质以固体分离，这导致作为资源的这种金属杂质的再利用。

公开(公告)号：US20030008928A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-09

申请号：US10186771

申请日：2002-07-01

Inventor： Robert E. Klepper

IPC: C07C027/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/80 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1876 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02P20/145

Abstract: A method of producing syn gas from biomass or other carbonaceous material utilizes a controlled devolatilization reaction in which the temperature of the feed material is maintained at less than 450null F. until most available oxygen is consumed. This minimizes pyrolysis of the feed material. The method and apparatus utilizes the formed synthesis gas to provide the energy for the necessary gasification. This provides for a high purity syn gas and avoids production of slag.

Abstract translation: 从生物质或其他碳质材料生产合成气的方法利用受控的脱挥发分反应，其中进料的温度保持在低于450°F，直到大部分可用的氧被消耗。 这最小化进料的热解。 该方法和装置利用所形成的合成气体为必要的气化提供能量。 这提供了高纯度的合成气，并避免了炉渣的产生。

公开(公告)号：US6093372A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US92629

申请日：1998-06-05

Applicant: Paul S. Wallace ,  Kay A. Johnson ,  Delome D. Fair

Inventor： Paul S. Wallace ,  Kay A. Johnson ,  Delome D. Fair

IPC: C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/72

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: The system for controlling oxygen flow in a gasification process of the instant invention comprises a suction control valve located between the oxygen source and the oxygen compressor. The suction control valve is adapted in order to open to deliver oxygen from the source to the compressor through the first pipe and to move to a reduced flow position to prevent excess delivery of oxygen from the source to the compressor. The system also comprises a second pipe which operably connects the oxygen compressor to a port of a gasifier. The system comprises a normally closed vent valve located between the oxygen compressor and the port of a gasifier. The system comprises a means located in the gasifier or in the gasifier effluent for detecting when it is necessary to change the oxygen flow to the gasifier and to actuate the suction control valve sufficient to change the oxygen flow. Finally, the system comprises a means for a means of controlling the suction control valve and the vent valve to regulate the quantity of oxygen delivered to the gasifier.

Abstract translation: 用于控制本发明的气化过程中的氧气流的系统包括位于氧气源和氧气压缩机之间的吸入控制阀。 吸入控制阀适于打开以通过第一管将氧气从源输送到压缩机，并且移动到减小的流动位置，以防止氧气从源向压缩机的过量输送。 该系统还包括将氧压缩机可操作地连接到气化器的端口的第二管。 该系统包括位于氧气压缩机和气化器的端口之间的常闭通气阀。 该系统包括位于气化器或气化器流出物中的装置，用于检测何时需要改变到气化器的氧气流并且致动足以改变氧气流量的抽吸控制阀。 最后，该系统包括用于控制吸入控制阀和排气阀以调节输送到气化器的氧气量的装置。

公开(公告)号：US6086722A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-11

申请号：US890356

申请日：1997-07-09

Applicant: George Henry Webster, Jr. ,  Byron Von Klock ,  Dinh-Cuong Vuong ,  John Saunders Stevenson ,  Steven Robert Johnson

Inventor： George Henry Webster, Jr. ,  Byron Von Klock ,  Dinh-Cuong Vuong ,  John Saunders Stevenson ,  Steven Robert Johnson

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C01B3/52 ,  C01C1/16 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/12 ,  B01D3/42

CPC classification number: C01C1/164 ,  C01B3/52 ,  C02F1/042 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/00 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/10 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C10J2300/0926 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/169 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S159/13

Abstract: A process for minimizing evaporator scaling during the recovery of liquids and solids from the aqueous effluent discharged during a partial oxidation gasification, wherein the aqueous effluent contains ammonium chloride (NH.sub.4 Cl). The aqueous effluent is evaporated to produce a distillate water and a brine having an NH.sub.4 Cl concentration of about 10 to 60 weight percent. The brine can be further concentrated and ammonium chloride crystals are recovered. The distillate water is recycled to the gasification reaction. No effluent discharges to the environment.

Abstract translation: 一种在部分氧化气化期间从排出的水性废液中回收液体和固体的过程中使蒸发器结垢最小化的方法，其中含水流出物含有氯化铵（NH 4 Cl）。 将含水流出物蒸发以产生馏出水和NH 4 Cl浓度为约10至60重量％的盐水。 盐水可以进一步浓缩并回收氯化铵晶体。 蒸馏水再循环至气化反应。 没有污水排放到环境中。

公开(公告)号：US5720785A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US630953

申请日：1996-04-05

Applicant: Daniel Clark Baker

Inventor： Daniel Clark Baker

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/006 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/028 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1223

Abstract: The invention is a method for reducing the hydrogen cyanide and ammonia content of a synthesis gas stream exiting a gasifier including mixing an iron-containing compound with a nitrogen-containing coal feed; gasifying the coal feed in the resulting mixture in an entrained flow gasifier have opposed burners under gasifying conditions thereby producing a gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and recovering the gas stream having substantially reduced amounts of hydrogen cyanide.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种减少离开气化器的合成气流中的氰化氢和氨含量的方法，包括将含铁化合物与含氮煤原料混合; 在夹带流动气化器中将所得混合物中的煤进料气化，在气化条件下具有相对的燃烧器，从而产生包含氢气和一氧化碳的气体; 并回收具有显着减少量的氰化氢的气流。

公开(公告)号：US5498827A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US131366

申请日：1993-10-04

Applicant: Motasimur R. Khan ,  Christine C. Albert ,  Stephen J. DeCanio

Inventor： Motasimur R. Khan ,  Christine C. Albert ,  Stephen J. DeCanio

IPC: C10G1/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10L1/32 ,  A62D3/00

CPC classification number: C10G1/006 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/12 ,  C10K1/121 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: A process for upgrading plastic material containing inorganic filler or reinforcement material for use as feedstock in partial oxidation gas generator for the production of raw synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas. The plastic material is granulated and mixed with water to produce the plastic sludge. The plastic sludge is preheated at a temperature in the range of about 350.degree. F. to 475.degree. F. in the absence of air in a closed system. The preheated plastic sludge is then hydrothermally treated at a temperature in the range of about 450.degree. F. to 650.degree. F. at a pressure in the range of about 100 to 1200 psig and above the vapor pressure of water at that temperature. The hydrothermally treated plastic sludge is cooled, degassed, and mixed with ground solid carbonaceous fuel, e.g., coal and water, to produce a pumpable aqueous slurry having a solids content in the range of about 40 to 60 wt. %. The pumpable aqueous slurry is then reacted by partial oxidation to produce said synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas. In one embodiment, a portion of coal is mixed with the plastic sludge prior to the aforesaid preheating and hydrothermal steps.

Abstract translation: 一种用于升级含有无机填料或增强材料的塑料材料的方法，用作用于生产原料合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化气体发生器中的原料。 塑料材料与水混合制成塑料污泥。 塑料污泥在封闭系统中不存在空气的情况下，在约350°F至475°F的温度范围内进行预热。 然后将预热的塑料污泥在约450-150°F范围内的温度下进行水热处理，压力范围为约100至1200psig，并高于该温度下水的蒸气压。 水热处理的塑料污泥被冷却，脱气并与研磨的固体碳质燃料例如煤和水混合，以产生固体含量在约40至60重量％范围内的可泵送水性浆料。 ％。 然后可泵送的含水浆料通过部分氧化反应以产生所述合成气体，燃料气体或还原气体。 在一个实施方案中，在上述预热和水热步骤之前，将一部分煤与塑料污泥混合。

公开(公告)号：USH1325H

公开(公告)日：1994-07-05

申请号：US960345

申请日：1992-10-13

Applicant: Egon L. Doering ,  Phillip E. Unger ,  Eugene Alsandor

Inventor： Egon L. Doering ,  Phillip E. Unger ,  Eugene Alsandor

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K1/024

Abstract: An improved one stage, upflow process for coal gasification whereby a dry particulate carbonaceous material and an oxygen-containing gas are combusted in a vertical gasifier thereby converting the carbonaceous material (coal) into a hot gas. The hot, entrained flyslag gas is then contacted with a cooled, recycled gas in a quench zone, thus cooling the gaseous product stream and causing the molten slag particles to convert to nonsticky flyslag particles. The high level thermal energy from the flyslag-laden gaseous product stream is recovered in a fire tube heat exchanger and the flyslag particles from the gaseous product stream are separated by conventional means and recycled back to the gasifier. The product raw gas is further treated for use in a gas turbine to produce electricity.