公开(公告)号：US4774926A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-04

申请号：US14905

申请日：1987-02-13

Applicant: Ellsworth C. Adams

Inventor： Ellsworth C. Adams

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/02 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F02B75/08

CPC classification number: F02F7/0085 ,  F02B77/02 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: In an uncooled engine, it is propose to form insulator coatings on the combustion chamber surfaces, and to mechanically protect such coatings against erosion or cracking by means of outer protective layers applied over the insulator coatings. The insulator coatings can be zirconium oxide applied to a thickness of approximately 0.15 inch. The protective layers can be formed of various materials resistant to high temperatures in the vicinity of 2000.degree. F., e.g. silicon nitride, steel or cast iron.

Abstract translation: 在未冷却的发动机中，建议在燃烧室表面上形成绝缘体涂层，并且通过施加在绝缘体涂层上的外部保护层来机械地保护这些涂层免受侵蚀或破裂。 绝缘体涂层可以是施加到约0.15英寸厚度的氧化锆。 保护层可以由2000°F附近耐高温的各种材料形成。 氮化硅，钢或铸铁。

公开(公告)号：US4752535A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-21

申请号：US916675

申请日：1986-09-10

Applicant: Ingard Kvernes

Inventor： Ingard Kvernes

IPC: B32B15/04 ,  B05D1/02 ,  B05D7/14 ,  B05D7/24 ,  C23C4/00 ,  C23C4/02 ,  C23C4/04 ,  C23C28/00 ,  F02F1/00 ,  B32B15/16 ,  B05D1/10

CPC classification number: C23C4/02 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y10S428/937 ,  Y10T428/12021 ,  Y10T428/12056 ,  Y10T428/12139 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12611 ,  Y10T428/12764

Abstract: Described are an aluminium-based article having a heat and corrosion protective coating, especially engine parts such as piston crown or cylinder head, and a method of preparing said article. The coating consists of an aluminium-based bonding layer, preferably having a thickness in the range 0.1-0.6 mm, and an outer top layer of stabilized or partially stabilized zirconium dioxide, preferably having a thickness in the range 0.5-2.5 mm, and optionally a cermet layer, comprising zirconium dioxide and an aluminium-based metal component, between the bonding layer and the outer zirconium dioxide top layer. The bonding layer is applied to the substrate by thermal spraying of a rapidly solidified powder, substantially consisting of 60-80% by weight of Al and 40-20% by weight of Si, the particles of the powder having a frozen unstable micro-structure. The cermet layer desirably is a layer consisting of zirconium dioxide and an aluminium-based alloy, the metal content of the cermet layer decreasing substantially uniformly in the direction towards the outer zirconium dioxide top layer. The cermet layer preferably has a thickness in the range 0.2-0.6 mm. Also the cermet and zirconium oxide layers are deposited by thermal spraying.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / NO86 / 00007 Sec。 371日期：1986年9月10日 102（e）1986年9月10日PCT PCT 1月29日，PCT PCT。 出版物WO86 / 04615 日期为1986年8月14日。描述了具有耐热腐蚀保护涂层的铝基制品，特别是发动机部件，例如活塞头或气缸盖，以及制备所述制品的方法。 该涂层由优选具有0.1-0.6mm厚度的铝基粘合层和稳定的或部分稳定的二氧化锆的外顶层构成，优选地具有在0.5-2.5mm范围内的厚度，以及任选地 金属陶瓷层，其包含二氧化锆和铝基金属组分，在所述粘合层和外部二氧化锆顶层之间。 通过热喷涂快速固化的粉末将粘合层施加到基底上，其基本上由Al含量为60-80％（重量）和40-20％（重量）的Si组成，粉末颗粒具有冷冻的不稳定微结构 。 金属陶瓷层期望地是由二氧化锆和铝基合金构成的层，金属陶瓷层的金属含量在朝向外部二氧化锆顶层的方向上大致均匀地减小。 金属陶瓷层优选具有0.2-0.6mm范围内的厚度。 此外，金属陶瓷和氧化锆层通过热喷涂沉积。

公开(公告)号：US4745846A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-24

申请号：US809105

申请日：1985-12-16

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B19/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16F1/32 ,  F16J3/02 ,  F16J3/04 ,  F01B1/00 ,  F01B3/00 ,  F01B13/04

CPC classification number: F04B43/0063 ,  F01B19/00 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16F1/32 ,  F16J3/02 ,  F16J3/047 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In a fluid pump or motor improvements are provided to the piston shoes therein to permit a higher pressure in the respective device. Other improvements are done to the hydrostatic bearings in radial piston or radial chamber type fluid motors and pumps. A further arrangement is, that plural pistons are applied to permit the use of two different fluids in the respective device. This leads also to the application of disc springs and their modification in a pump or motor to make the pumping of non-viscous fluids like water possible at very high pressure. Motors are provided with arrangements to permit them to drive and to carry simultaneously or to have hollow shafts, whereby improved and novel machines and vehicles are obtained.

Abstract translation: 在流体泵或电动机中，将改进措施提供给其中的活塞鞋，以允许相应装置中的较高压力。 对径向活塞或径向室型流体电动机和泵中的静压轴承进行了其他改进。 进一步的布置是，施加多个活塞以允许在相应装置中使用两种不同的流体。 这也导致盘簧的应用及其在泵或马达中的改进，以使非粘性流体像水一样在非常高的压力下被泵送。 电机具有允许它们同时驱动和携带或具有空心轴的布置，从而获得改进的和新颖的机器和车辆。

公开(公告)号：US4730548A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-15

申请号：US823480

申请日：1986-01-28

Applicant: Yorishige Maeda ,  Yoshiaki Tatematsu ,  Atsuo Tanaka ,  Shiro Machida

Inventor： Yorishige Maeda ,  Yoshiaki Tatematsu ,  Atsuo Tanaka ,  Shiro Machida

IPC: C22C47/06 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F3/08 ,  F02F7/00

CPC classification number: C22C47/06 ,  F02F3/08 ,  F02F7/0085 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16

Abstract: A light metal alloy cast piston comprises a thermal strut provided in the shoulder portion of the piston skirt. The thermal strut is composed of a fiber reinforced metal portion containing high tensile strength fibers integrally molded in the matrix metal. The piston is shaped in such a manner that the inner periphery of the thermal strut is exposed toward the inside of the piston skirt, except for the regions at the piston pin bosses, to avoid the presence of non-reinforced metal a the inside of the thermal strut. This arrangement prevents the formation of cracks along the inner periphery of the thermal strut.

Abstract translation: 轻金属合金铸造活塞包括设置在活塞裙部的肩部中的热支柱。 热支柱由在基体金属中整体模制的高抗拉强度纤维的纤维增强金属部分组成。 活塞的形状使得除了活塞销凸起部分之外，热支柱的内周面朝向活塞裙部的内部露出，以避免非增强金属的存在， 热支柱 这种布置防止沿着热支柱的内周形成裂纹。

公开(公告)号：US4727795A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-01

申请号：US666225

申请日：1984-10-29

Applicant: Edward J. Murray ,  Frederick H. Thompson

Inventor： Edward J. Murray ,  Frederick H. Thompson

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F16J1/16 ,  F16J1/00

CPC classification number: F02F3/0015 ,  F16J1/16 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: The height of a piston for an internal combustion engine is reduced by the provision of gudgeon pin bores which intersect or at least partly intersect a ring band extending around the crown. This allows the mass of the piston to be reduced and allows improved visibility from the vehicle owing to reduced bonnet height. The weight of the piston is reduced so improving its performance and the performance of the engine.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的活塞的高度通过设置与在冠部周围延伸的环带相交或至少部分相交的舵头销孔而减小。 这允许活塞的质量减小，并且由于发动机盖的高度降低而允许车辆的可见性提高。 活塞的重量减小，从而提高其性能和发动机的性能。

公开(公告)号：US4709621A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-01

申请号：US708404

申请日：1985-03-05

Applicant: Minoru Matsui ,  Nobuo Tsuno

Inventor： Minoru Matsui ,  Nobuo Tsuno

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/01

CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  F02B23/0603 ,  F02B23/0696 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B2023/0612 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2253/16 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y10T29/49252

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine piston having a metal piston body and a piston cap constituted by a plurality of ceramic pieces and fixed to the top portion of the metal piston body, wherein the piston cap is composed of at least one kind of a ceramic material, at least one of the ceramic pieces is fixed to the metal piston body through fitting or through engagement by way of a metallic piece secured onto said at least one ceramic piece, and the remaining ceramic piece or pieces are fixed onto the metal piston body by means of said at least one ceramic piece. A method for producing an internal combustion engine piston is also disclosed, which method includes steps: forming the piston cap from at least one kind of a ceramic material, forming a fitting projection on at least one of the ceramic pieces constituting the piston cap, fixing said at least one of the ceramic pieces onto the metal piston body through fitting the fitting projection to a through hole or depression formed at the top portion of the metal piston body, and fixing the remaining ceramic piece or pieces onto the metal piston body by means of said at least one of ceramic pieces fixed to the metal piston body.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种内燃机活塞，其具有金属活塞体和由多个陶瓷件构成并固定在金属活塞体顶部的活塞盖，活塞盖由至少一种陶瓷 材料中，至少一个陶瓷件通过装配或通过固定在所述至少一个陶瓷件上的金属片接合而固定在金属活塞体上，剩余的陶瓷件被固定在金属活塞体上 通过所述至少一个陶瓷件。 还公开了一种用于生产内燃机活塞的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：从至少一种陶瓷材料形成活塞盖，在构成活塞盖的至少一个陶瓷件上形成配合突起，固定 将所述陶瓷件中的至少一个通过将所述配件突起装配到形成在所述金属活塞体的顶部的通孔或凹部而在所述金属活塞体上，并且通过装置将剩余的陶瓷件固定到所述金属活塞体上 所述至少一个陶瓷件固定到所述金属活塞体。

公开(公告)号：US4696224A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-29

申请号：US682420

申请日：1984-12-17

Applicant: Yoshibumi Mishima

Inventor： Yoshibumi Mishima

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/16 ,  F16J1/18 ,  F16J1/14

CPC classification number: F16J1/16 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: An aluminum alloy piston for an internal combustion engine has two spaced piston pin bosses. A steel alloy bushing is fitted in each boss. A ceramic piston pin is fitted in said bushings.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的铝合金活塞具有两个间隔开的活塞销凸台。 每个凸台上都装有钢合金衬套。 陶瓷活塞销安装在所述衬套中。

公开(公告)号：US4694813A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-22

申请号：US698289

申请日：1985-02-05

Applicant: Siegfried Mielke

Inventor： Siegfried Mielke

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00

CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2203/0895 ,  Y10T29/49258 ,  Y10T29/49263

Abstract: In a piston for internal combustion engines, a cover layer comprising a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity has been applied to the piston head by plasma or flame spraying. To increase the life of the cover layer until it separates from the body of the piston, the surface of the cover layer has a peak-to-valley height of 5 to 30 .mu.m.

Abstract translation: 在用于内燃机的活塞中，通过等离子体或火焰喷涂将包括具有相对较低导热性的材料的覆盖层施加到活塞头。 为了延长覆盖层的寿命，直到其与活塞的主体分离，覆盖层的表面的峰谷高度为5至30μm。

公开(公告)号：US4694735A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-22

申请号：US774432

申请日：1985-09-10

Applicant: Yoshiaki Tatematsu ,  Atsuo Tanaka

Inventor： Yoshiaki Tatematsu ,  Atsuo Tanaka

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/04 ,  F02F3/08 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/04

CPC classification number: F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/042 ,  F02F7/0085 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2203/0817 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16

Abstract: A piston for internal-combustion engines, reinforced at least at either the shoulder of the skirt or the piston boss thereof by a composite reinforcement consisting of a layer of inorganic long filaments and a layer or layers of inorganic staple short fibers or whiskers. The inorganic filaments are one or a combination of any of carbon, graphite, alumina, silicon carbide and glass, while the inorganic staple fiber or whiskers are silicon nitride whiskers, mineral fibers, potassium titanate whiskers, carbon fibers or graphite fibers, or a combination of those whiskers and/or fibers.

Abstract translation: 一种用于内燃机的活塞，至少在裙部的肩部或其活塞凸台上通过由一层无机长丝组成的复合增强层和一层或多层无机短纤维或晶须加强。 无机长丝是碳，石墨，氧化铝，碳化硅和玻璃中的一种或其组合，而无机短纤维或晶须是氮化硅晶须，矿物纤维，钛酸钾晶须，碳纤维或石墨纤维，或组合 的那些晶须和/或纤维。

公开(公告)号：US4683808A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-04

申请号：US745780

申请日：1985-06-17

Applicant: Erich Wacker ,  Ulrich Landau ,  Wilfried Sander ,  Klaus Schellmann

Inventor： Erich Wacker ,  Ulrich Landau ,  Wilfried Sander ,  Klaus Schellmann

IPC: F02F3/02 ,  F16J1/06 ,  F16J1/04

CPC classification number: F16J1/06 ,  F02F3/02 ,  F02F2200/06 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: A light alloy piston for internal combustion engines has a skirt which is closed at its lower end and at locations disposed adjacent to the bosses on both sides of the horizontal plane through the piston pin is set back so as to form respective recesses. In order to avoid a retention of oil in the recesses those end portions of the skirt which adjoin the recesses are inwardly offset from the outside peripheral surface of the piston.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的轻合金活塞具有在其下端处封闭的裙部，并且通过活塞销在靠近水平面两侧的凸起处设置的位置被设置成形成相应的凹部。 为了避免在凹部中保持油，裙部的与凹部相邻的端部从活塞的外周表面向内偏移。