Abstract:
Object: provide an accurate monitor of light of even intensity light. Construction: A beam splitter (4) being fixed on a base (1) in the path of a main beam (2) of a light system, a reflecting mirror (5) being fixed on a side of the beam splitter (4), an inlet 6a of an integrating sphere (6) is provided at an opposite side of the beam splitter (4), and a light sensor (8) is provided at a reflecting surface of the integrating sphere (6).
Abstract:
A multifunctional infrared spectrometer system has an interferometer which receives the infrared beam from a source and provides a modulated output beam on beam paths to multiple spatially separated infrared detectors. A multi-position mirror element mounted at a junction position receives the beam on a main beam path and directs it on branch beam paths to sample positions, with the beam then being directed on the branch beam path to one of the detectors. One of the branch beam paths may include a sample holder at the sample position which can index between a position at which a sample is analyzed, to a reference material position, to a pass-through position for calibration purposes. The multi-position mirror element may also be indexed to direct the beam on a branch path to a fiber optic cable which has a probe at the end of it which may be inserted in a sample fluid or powder to be analyzed, with the reflected light from the probe being directed back on an optical fiber cable to a detector at the spectrometer. The multi-position mirror element may be moved to a position at which the beam is directed on a beam path to and through an integrating sphere to a solid sample, with the reflected light from the sample being directed by the surfaces of the integrating sphere to a detector. A detector may be mounted to detect the light transmitted through the sample to obtain measurements of both reflected and transmitted infrared light at the sample.
Abstract:
A radiant energy transducer system includes a base. The base has a diffusely reflective surface and an optical area defining a horizon district with respect to the transducer system. A mask occludes a portion of the optical area so as to present a substantially constant portion of the optical area over a range of angles above the horizon district. An electromagnetic transducer converts between radiation associated with the optical area and corresponding signals. Examples of the transducing systems provide emission of radiant energy with a tailored intensity distribution over an area illuminated by the system. Other examples of the transducing systems detect radiant energy, and the position of the mask relative to the optical area of the detector system serves to tailor the sensitivity of the detector over a field of view. The emitters and detectors can be used together, for example in a system for tracking the position of an object.
Abstract:
A reflectometer and a method for measuring the reflectance and transmittance of material using an integrating sphere and a light concentrator. The reflectance and transmittance measurements are performed as a function of the angle of incidence of a beam of light onto a sample and reference material. In a preferred embodiment, a CHC-lens concentrator having a high f/# and a low index of refraction is used.
Abstract:
A spherical integrator has beam input and output apertures. The output aperture is opened at a position to which incident beam does not directly strike. The integrator has a curved inner surface which is a uniform diffusion surface. A galvanometer scanner has a mirror capable of adjusting a reflection angle of the beam from a light source such that a luminous energy beam reflected by the mirror to the input aperture is quantitatively varied. Beam from the light source is reflected by the mirror of the scanner to the input aperture of the integrator which diffuses and integrates the incident beam and outputs it through the output aperture.
Abstract:
A luminous flux measuring apparatus for measuring a spectral radiant flux or a total flux of a lamp includes an integrating sphere having a light sensing window defined therein, a spectrometer for measuring light transmitted through the light sensing window, a spectral radiant flux operation unit, and a total flux operation unit. When a standard lamp is lightened inside the integrating sphere, the output I.sub.std0 (.lambda.) of the spectrometer is measured. Thereafter, the I.sub.std1 (.lambda.) of the spectrometer is measured with a light absorption sheet placed inside the integrating sphere. Likewise, the outputs I.sub.m0 (.lambda.) and I.sub.m1 (.lambda.) of the spectrometer are measured with the light absorption sheet placed inside the integrating sphere and with no light-absorption means placed inside the integrating sphere, respectively. Upon input of I.sub.std0 (.lambda.), I.sub.std1 (.lambda.), I.sub.m0 (.lambda.), and I.sub.m1 (.lambda.) into the spectral radiant flux operation unit, this unit calculates the spectral efficiency Q.sub.std (.lambda.) of the integrating sphere with the standard lamp and the spectral efficiency Q.sub.m (.lambda.) of the integrating sphere with the lamp to be measured. Using Q.sub.std (.lambda. ), Q.sub.m (.lambda.), I.sub.std0 (.lambda.), I.sub.m0 (.lambda.), and a known spectral radiant flux value P.sub.std (.lambda.) of the standard lamp, the spectral radiant flux operation unit calculates the spectral radiant flux P.sub.m (.lambda.) of the lamp to be measured. The total flux operation unit calculates the total flux value F.sub.m of the lamp using the spectral radiant flux P.sub.m (.lambda.).
Abstract:
Solar spectral irradiance (SSI) measurements are important for solar collector/photovoltaic panel efficiency and solar energy resource assessment as well as being important for scientific meteorological/climate observations and material testing research. To date such measurements have exploited modified diffraction grating based scientific instruments which are bulky, expensive, and with low mechanical integrity for generalized deployment. A compact and cost-effective tool for accurately determining the global solar spectra as well as the global horizontal or tilted irradiances as part of on-site solar resource assessments and module performance characterization studies would be beneficial. An instrument with no moving parts for mechanical and environment stability in open field, non-controlled deployments could exploit software to resolve the global, direct and diffuse solar spectra from its measurements within the 280-4000 nm spectral range, in addition to major atmospheric processes, such as air mass, Rayleigh scattering, aerosol extinction, ozone and water vapour absorptions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a measuring arrangement for detecting an absolute reflection spectrum of a sample in a process for producing the sample. It comprises a light source for generating measurement light, a homogenizer for generating a uniform spatial illuminance distribution of the measurement light; a movable reflector and a receiver for collecting the measurement light reflected from the sample and/or the reflector. According to the invention, the reflector both for a reference measurement and for a sample measurement is positioned in an observation beam path and arranged on the same side of the sample as the light source in order to feed the reflected measurement light to the receiver.
Abstract:
A lighting dome that can be used to inspect semiconductor wafers can include a small aperture, backlighting, a reflectance gradient and/or a broad spectrum light source.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a measuring arrangement for detecting an absolute reflection spectrum of a sample in a process for producing the sample. It comprises a light source for generating measurement light, a homogenizer for generating a uniform spatial illuminance distribution of the measurement light; a movable reflector and a receiver for collecting the measurement light reflected from the sample and/or the reflector. According to the invention, the reflector both for a reference measurement and for a sample measurement is positioned in an observation beam path and arranged on the same side of the sample as the light source in order to feed the reflected measurement light to the receiver.