摘要:
The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer, wherein polymerization using a carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative as a surfactant in an aqueous medium to give the fluoropolymer is conducted, the above carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative has a carboxylate ester bond and —COOM (M representing H, NH4, Li, Na or K), the above carboxylate ester bond may optionally be substituted by fluorine atom.
摘要:
A phosphazene-supported catalyst in which a support is bonded to a group represented by the general formula (1): wherein n, Zn−, a, b, c, d, R, R1 and D are all defined. The phosphazene-supported catalyst is highly effective to catalyze various organic reactions, and further has no reduction of activity even after recovery and reuse of the catalyst, thus it being economically advantageous. In addition, the polymerization of cyclic monomers, substitution of substituents, carbon-carbon bond forming reactions and the like can be conducted with extremely high efficiency.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing a novel compound, i.e., α-chloromethoxycarboxylic acid ester represented by General Formula (1): (CF3)2C(OCH2Cl)COOR, wherein R is a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted with at least one atom selected from the group consisting of halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms, comprising reacting an α-methoxycarboxylic acid ester represented by General Formula (2): (CF3)2C(OCH3)COOR, wherein R is as defined above, with molecular chlorine; and a process for producing 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl fluoromethyl ether represented by a chemical formula (CF3)2CH(OCH2F), comprising fluorinating and decarboxylating the α-chloromethoxycarboxylic acid ester.According to the present invention, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl fluoromethyl ether (sevoflurane), which is known as a compound having an anesthetic property, can be produced efficiently and at a low cost.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane, wherein a novel compound, 2-methoxy-2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropionic acid or a salt thereof is decarboxylated, or wherein an olefin compound represented by chemical formula (4): CF2═C(CF3)(OCH3) is reacted with a fluorinating agent; and a process for producing 2-methoxy-2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropionic acid or a salt thereof by reacting a hydroxycarboxylic ester with a methylating agent and then hydrolyzing the reaction product, or hydrolyzing the hydroxycarboxylic ester and then reacting the resulting product with a methylating agent.In accordance with the invention, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane, which is useful as a raw material for, for example, the anesthetic Sevoflurane, can be produced efficiently and at low cost.
摘要:
The exposure apparatus is provided with: an optical member; and a holding member that holds the optical member. Both end portions of the optical member are held by the holding member with a first adhering unit that is cured by light irradiation for first duration and a second adhering unit that is cured by light irradiation for second duration which is longer than the first duration.
摘要:
A substrate processing apparatus which enables parameters for carrying out processing on substrates to be changed easily by a user. A storage device stores parameters that are for controlling the processing and are categorized into a plurality of categories. A control device carries out the processing on the substrate based on the parameters. A parameter changing device enables each of the parameters to be changed in accordance with the category of that parameter. A parameter category changing device changes the category of some of the parameters. A category change defining device is detachable from the substrate processing apparatus and specifies parameters whose category is to be changed out of the parameters. The parameter category changing device changes the category of each of the parameters specified by the category change defining device.
摘要:
A ceramic heater in which a damage in a joining portion between a heating portion and a lead portion is suppressed and the reliability is excellent is provided.In a ceramic heater (1) including: a rod-shaped support (2) which is made from an insulative ceramic; and a resistor member (3) including a heating portion (31) embedded in a tip end part of the support (2), and a pair of lead portions (33) which extend from the heating portion (31) toward a rear end side of the support (2), the heating portion (31) and the lead portions (33) are made from the same conductive ceramic.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoropolymer, wherein polymerization using a carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative as a surfactant in an aqueous medium to give the fluoropolymer is conducted, the above carboxylate ester bond-containing carboxylic acid derivative has a carboxylate ester bond and —COOM (M representing H, NH4, Li, Na or K), the above carboxylate ester bond may optionally be substituted by fluorine atom.
摘要:
A hydrogen generating device can decompose fuel containing an organic compound at low temperature to generate hydrogen-containing gas that scarcely contains nitrogen and carbon monoxide without providing electric energy from outside or by providing only a small amount of electric energy from outside.The hydrogen generating device for generating hydrogen-containing gas by decomposing fuel containing an organic compound is characterized by comprising a hydrogen generating cell (10) formed by sandwiching a bonded assembly including a partition membrane (11), a fuel electrode (12) arranged on one of the surfaces of the partition membrane (11) and an oxidizing electrode (14) arranged on the other surface of the partition membrane (11) between a fuel electrode separator provided with a channel groove (13) for flowing fuel containing an organic compound and water to the fuel electrode (12) and an oxidizing electrode separator provided with a channel groove (15) for flowing an oxidizing agent to the oxidizing electrode (14), a means (16) for supplying fuel containing the organic compound and water to the fuel electrode (12), a means (17) for supplying an oxidizing agent to the oxidizing electrode (14) and a means (23) for generating and collecting the gas containing hydrogen from the fuel electrode (12). The hydrogen generating device may be (a) an open circuit that does not withdraw electric energy to outside from the hydrogen generating cell (10) of the hydrogen generating device and does not provide electric energy from outside to the hydrogen generating cell, (b) a device adapted to withdraw electric energy to outside with the fuel electrode (12) and the oxidizing electrode (14) respectively as negative electrode and positive electrode or (c) a device adapted to provide electric energy from outside with the fuel electrode (12) and the oxidizing electrode (14) respectively as cathode and anode.
摘要:
A system and method for applying a material for improving the adhesion between the surface of thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) elements and a coating applied thereto is disclosed. The system comprises the mixing of an adhesion promoter with de-ionized water and applying it to the surface of the TPO elements to be coated. Preferably, the application occurs in an atmospherically controlled enclosure. The application of the adhesion promoter is preferably accomplished by flowing the mixture over the TPO elements through an application device that minimizes agitation and splashing of the mixture. Multiple parameters of the application system may be monitored and regulated. Upon completion of the application process, the treated TPO elements are preferably dried in an oven, leaving a thin layer of adhesion promoter over the surface thereof. Use of the application device ensures that minimal defects are present in the dried adhesion promoter layer.