Multifilar flexible rotary shaft and medical instruments incorporating the same
    74.
    发明授权
    Multifilar flexible rotary shaft and medical instruments incorporating the same 失效
    多头柔性旋转轴和包含其的医疗器械

    公开(公告)号:US06761717B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-07-13

    申请号:US10155584

    申请日:2002-05-24

    IPC分类号: A61B1818

    摘要: A multifilar flexible rotary shaft includes a plurality of individual filaments which are not wound around each other or around a central core, a loose ensemble of filaments. The input ends of each filament are coupled to each other and the output ends of each filament are coupled to each other. Preferably all of the filaments are identical. A loose ensemble of N filaments can transmit N times the torque of a single filament, and will have N times the torsional stiffness of a single filament, while retaining the minimum radius of operation of a single filament. Since a loose ensemble of filaments does not have any appreciable contact forces among the filaments (because they are not forcibly twisted together), there is no appreciable internal friction or hysteresis. In order to appreciably eliminate all the hysteresis in such an ensemble of filaments, the filaments should be no more than loosely twisted together, if at all. The only reason for loosely twisting the wires together is to allow the ensemble to be easily handled and to insure that the individual wire filaments follow the same general curved path from one end to the other. Several practical applications of the invention are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译: 多针柔性旋转轴包括多个单独的细丝,它们彼此不缠绕或围绕中心芯,松散的细丝组合。 每个灯丝的输入端彼此耦合,并且每个灯丝的输出端彼此耦合。 优选地,所有的长丝是相同的。 N细丝的松散组合可以传播N倍的单丝的扭矩,并且将具有单丝的扭转刚度的N倍,同时保持单丝的最小操作半径。 由于长丝的松散组合在细丝之间没有任何明显的接触力(因为它们不被强制扭曲在一起),所以没有明显的内部摩擦或滞后。 为了明显地消除这种灯丝组合中的所有滞后现象,如果有的话,灯丝不应该松散地扭曲在一起。 将电线松散地缠绕在一起的唯一原因是允许集合容易地处理并且确保单个线丝沿着从一端到另一端的相同的一般弯曲路径。 还公开了本发明的几个实际应用。

    Hybrid rocket motor using a turbopump to pressurize a liquid propellant constituent

    公开(公告)号:US06640536B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-11-04

    申请号:US10054646

    申请日:2002-01-22

    IPC分类号: C06D500

    摘要: A hybrid rocket motor includes a storage tank which stores an oxidizer under relatively low pressure, a turbopump preferably directly coupled to an outlet of the storage tank which pressurizes the oxidizer to a relatively high pressure, a combustion chamber including a solid fuel, and an injector between the turbopump and combustion chamber through which the oxidizer is injected into the combustion chamber. According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the turbopump is operated by an expander cycle of a heat exchanger. According to another preferred aspect of the invention, the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger is oxidizer tapped from the storage tank. A barrier is maintained between an oxidizer feed line from the turbopump and the injector until sufficient pressure is created by the turbopump to pump the oxidizer at the requisite pressure into the injector.

    Radioactive therapeutic seeds
    76.
    发明授权
    Radioactive therapeutic seeds 失效
    放射治疗种子

    公开(公告)号:US06273851B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-08-14

    申请号:US09312215

    申请日:1999-05-14

    IPC分类号: A61M3600

    摘要: Radioactive therapeutic seeds include a substantially radiotransparent cylindrical capsule containing a radioactive isotope and, in particular embodiments, a radiopaque or MRI-visible marker. Each of the embodiments is designed to provide a substantially isotropic distribution of radiation. In one embodiment, the isotope is deposited on the outer surface of a hollow radiolucent tube and a collar is provided about a central portion of the tube. The capsule comprises two tubular halves positioned over the tube with the open ends of the halves forming an interference fit with the collar and welded thereabout. In another embodiment, the isotope bearing structure is a plurality of radiolucent spheres provided with a thin coating of silver to facilitate the adhesion of the isotope thereto. The spheres are provided in two capsule halves which are welded closed about a plug have an axial radiopaque marker therein. In yet another embodiment, the isotope bearing structure is a pair of silver tubes having surfaces on which the isotope is provided. One tube is positioned in each half of the capsule, and the halves are then welded about a plug provided with a marker. In each embodiment, the closed ends of the capsule are provided with tissue engaging members or connectors which can be coupled to discrete spacing links.

    摘要翻译: 放射性治疗种子包括含有放射性同位素的基本上无辐射透明的圆柱形胶囊,特别是不透射线或MRI可见标记。 每个实施例被设计成提供基本上各向同性的辐射分布。 在一个实施例中,同位素沉积在中空的射线可透管的外表面上,并且围绕管的中心部分提供轴环。 胶囊包括位于管上方的两个管状半部,其半开口端形成与套环的过盈配合并在其周围焊接。 在另一个实施方案中,同位素承载结构是多个具有薄的银涂层的射线可透过球,以便于同位素与其粘附。 球体设置在两个胶囊半部中,其围绕塞子被焊接封闭,其中具有轴向不透射线的标记。 在另一个实施方案中,同位素承载结构是具有其上提供同位素的表面的一对银管。 一个管被定位在胶囊的每一半中,然后将半部焊接在设置有标记的塞子周围。 在每个实施例中,胶囊的封闭端部设置有组织接合构件或可连接到分立间隔连接件的连接器。

    Snap fit collar for coupling the end of a flexible coil to the actuator
or clevis of an endoscopic surgical instrument and an endoscopic
surgical instrument incorporating the same
    78.
    发明授权
    Snap fit collar for coupling the end of a flexible coil to the actuator or clevis of an endoscopic surgical instrument and an endoscopic surgical instrument incorporating the same 失效
    用于将柔性线圈的端部耦合到内窥镜手术器械的致动器或U形夹的扣合配合套环和包括其的内窥镜手术器械

    公开(公告)号:US5632764A

    公开(公告)日:1997-05-27

    申请号:US389758

    申请日:1995-02-15

    IPC分类号: A61B17/00 A61B17/28

    摘要: A snap-fit collar for coupling the end of a flexible coil to a part of an endoscopic instrument is a substantially cylindrical member having a first end portion with a stop flange, a resilient tapered locking flange spaced apart from the stop flange defining a waist or groove between the stop flange and the locking flange, and second end portion having a pair of cantilevered substantially semi-cylindrical legs. The first end portion is preferably frustroconical and flares diametrically outward to form the stop flange which has a first diameter. The waist or groove has a second diameter which is smaller than the first diameter. The tapered locking flange is also preferably frustroconical and tapers diametrically inward from a third diameter which is larger than the second diameter. Each of the legs is inclined diametrically outward and includes a plurality of coil engaging ribs on its inner surface. The outer surface of each leg is preferably provided with a longitudinal key and the free end of each leg is preferably tapered radially inward. The collar has a throughbore which extends through the first end portion to the space between the legs. An endoscopic instrument actuator and a clevis for use with the snap-fit collar each include a throughbore having a step and a pair of diametrically opposed keyways which extend into at least a portion of the throughbore wall.

    摘要翻译: 用于将柔性线圈的端部耦合到内窥镜器械的一部分的卡扣套圈是具有第一端部和止动凸缘的基本上圆柱形的构件,与止动凸缘间隔开的弹性锥形锁定凸缘,所述止动凸缘限定腰部或 凹槽在止动凸缘和锁定凸缘之间,第二端部具有一对悬臂的大致半圆柱形的腿。 第一端部优选为截头圆锥形并且向外扩张以形成具有第一直径的止动凸缘。 腰部或凹槽具有小于第一直径的第二直径。 锥形锁定凸缘也优选是截头锥形的并且从比第二直径大的第三直径向内径向渐缩。 每个腿部沿径向向外倾斜,并且在其内表面上包括多个线圈接合肋。 每个腿的外表面优选地设置有纵向键,并且每个腿的自由端优选地径向向内渐缩。 套环具有穿过第一端部延伸到腿部之间的通孔。 内窥镜器械致动器和与卡扣套环一起使用的U形夹每个都包括具有台阶的通孔和延伸到通孔壁的至少一部分的一对径向相对的键槽。

    Endoscopic robotic surgical tools and methods
    79.
    发明授权
    Endoscopic robotic surgical tools and methods 失效
    内窥镜机器人手术工具及方法

    公开(公告)号:US5624398A

    公开(公告)日:1997-04-29

    申请号:US597423

    申请日:1996-02-08

    摘要: The methods and devices of the invention include an encoder, an endoscopic robotic instrument, and an encoder/robotic instrument interface. A preferred embodiment of the encoder has a chest/shoulder plate provided with telescoping tubes and joints. Each joint is provided with a direct drive potentiometer to monitor movement and provide a corresponding signal. The chest plate is preferably adaptable to a large range of human chest sizes and the telescopic segments are strapped to the arms of the practitioner at the elbows. A pistol grip is provided at the wrist end of the telescopic segments. According to the presently preferred embodiment, the encoder encodes flexion and rotation at the shoulder, elbow and wrist of each arm in addition to gripping at each hand. The encoding device is coupled to a circuit which operates a servo system. The servo system includes a series of servo motors. A series of pulleys corresponding to the number of servo motors are arranged in a housing. The robotic instrument preferably comprises two arms mounted at the distal end of a multi-lumen tube. Each arm has rotational and flexional joints corresponding to the shoulder, elbow, and wrist of the practitioner. Tendons are coupled to the pulleys of the servo motors and are fed through the multi-lumen tube to the joints of the two arms.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的方法和装置包括编码器,内窥镜机器人仪器和编码器/机器人仪器接口。 编码器的优选实施例具有设置有伸缩管和接头的胸/肩板。 每个接头都配有一个直接驱动电位器来监控运动并提供相应的信号。 胸板优选适应于大范围的人胸部尺寸,并且伸缩部分在肘部处被绑在医师的手臂上。 在伸缩段的腕端设有手枪式握把。 根据目前优选的实施例,编码器除了在每只手握持之外还编码每个臂的肩部,肘部和手腕的屈曲和旋转。 编码装置耦合到操作伺服系统的电路。 伺服系统包括一系列伺服电机。 与伺服马达的数量对应的一系列滑轮布置在壳体中。 机器人装置优选地包括安装在多腔管的远端处的两个臂。 每个臂具有对应于从业者的肩部,肘部和手腕的旋转和弯曲关节。 肌腱联接到伺服电动机的皮带轮,并通过多腔管馈送到两个臂的关节。

    Cautery probes for endoscopic electrosurgical suction-irrigation
instrument
    80.
    发明授权
    Cautery probes for endoscopic electrosurgical suction-irrigation instrument 失效
    用于内窥镜电外科吸入器械的灼烧探针

    公开(公告)号:US5312400A

    公开(公告)日:1994-05-17

    申请号:US959247

    申请日:1992-10-09

    摘要: A cautery probe is described for use with an endoscopic instrument where the endoscopic instrument has an electrical contact located therein. The probe includes an insulated handle which extends out of the instrument, a conductive probe element which is mounted in the insulated handle and extends through the distal end of the endoscopic instrument, and an insulating cover. The conductive probe element has a distal cautery surface, and an electrical contact surface at a location between the proximal end of the conductive probe and the distal cautery surface, with the electrical contact surface contacting the electrical contact in the endoscopic instrument when said cautery probe is inserted in the endoscopic instrument. The insulating cover substantially covers the conductive probe element from the insulated handle up to but not at the electrical contact surface, and substantially covers the probe element from a point beyond the electrical contact surface, up to but not at the distal cautery surface. Preferably, the cannula of the endoscopic instrument is used as the electrical contact, and the electrical contact surface of the probe element is a bump which contacts the cannula.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种用于内窥镜器械的烧灼探针,其中内窥镜器具具有位于其中的电触点。 探头包括一个延伸出仪器的绝缘手柄,一个安装在绝缘手柄中并延伸穿过内窥镜器械远端的导电探针元件和绝缘盖。 导电探针元件具有远端烧灼表面和在导电探针的近端与远端烧灼表面之间的位置处的电接触表面,当所述烧灼探针为 插入内窥镜仪器。 绝缘盖基本上覆盖从绝缘手柄直到但不在电接触表面处的导电探针元件,并且从超过电接触表面的点至基部覆盖探针元件直到但不在远端烧灼表面处。 优选地,内窥镜器械的套管用作电接触件,并且探针元件的电接触表面是接触插管的凸块。