公开(公告)号：US4887962A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-19

申请号：US156675

申请日：1988-02-17

Applicant: Hendricus J. A. Hasenack ,  Ian Poll

Inventor： Hendricus J. A. Hasenack ,  Ian Poll

IPC: C10J3/48 ,  F23D1/00 ,  F23D14/78

CPC classification number: F23D14/78 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  F23D1/00 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Disclosed is a burner for the partial combustion of a solid carbonaceous fuel wherein coal, e.g., finely divided coal, is supplied to a reactor space via a central channel disposed along the longitudinal axis of the burner, and oxygen-containing gas is supplied via an annular channel surrounding said central channel, and heat from the combustion is removed from the hollow front face of the burner by coolant flowed through said front face spirally about the longitudinal axis of the burner.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于固体碳质燃料的部分燃烧的燃烧器，其中煤，例如细碎的煤经由沿着燃烧器的纵向轴线设置的中心通道供应到反应器空间，并且含氧气体经由 围绕所述中心通道的环形通道，并且来自燃烧的热量通过冷却剂围绕燃烧器的纵向轴线螺旋地流过所述前表面而从燃烧器的中空前表面去除。

公开(公告)号：US4857075A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-15

申请号：US196155

申请日：1988-05-19

Applicant: Charles W. Lipp

Inventor： Charles W. Lipp

IPC: F23D17/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  F23D99/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A process burner for combusting a fluid feed material which has central, middle and frusto-conical conduits in which the central and middle conduits form an annular passageway having an enlarged upstream end forming a distribution chamber to prevent high fluid flow regions which would erode an acceleration conduit at the discharge ends of the central, middle and frusto-conical conduits, the acceleration conduit forming a smooth curving surface without sharp angles from the frusto-conical conduit apex to the cylindrical discharge portion of the acceleration conduit. The distribution chamber preferably has a baffle or mixing plate angularly disposed under the fluid feed inlet to the annular passageway so that the fluid feed changes from axial to downwardly spiralling radial flow.

公开(公告)号：US4784670A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-15

申请号：US53455

申请日：1987-05-22

Applicant: Mitri S. Najjar

Inventor： Mitri S. Najjar

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Synthesis gas is produced by the partial oxidation of a feedstock comprising sulfur-containing petroleum coke and/or liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel and having ashes that contain nickel and a comparatively low level of silicon. The production of toxic nickel subsulfide (Ni.sub.3 S.sub.2) in the slag is prevented, and there is substantially no increase in the mole ratio H.sub.2 S+COS/H.sub.2 +CO in the raw product gas stream by introducing an additive comprising about 2 to 100 wt. % of a sulfur-containing material and any remainder comprising a supplemental iron-containing material into the reaction zone along with the feed. The additive combines with substantially all of the nickel constituents and most of the iron constituents and sulfur found in the feedstock to produce molten slag substantially comprising a fluid sulfide phase and a relatively minor amount of an Fe, Ni alloy phase. In another embodiment, a minor amount of a calcium compound is included with the additive at startup to reduce the softening temperature of the iron-containing addition agent. In still another embodiment, the additive is uniformly dispersed in sulfur-containing petroleum coke having a nickel-containing ash. By this method molten slag free from toxic Ni.sub.3 S.sub.2 and having a reduced viscosity may be readily removed from the gas generator at a lower temperature. Further, the life of the refractory lining is extended.

Abstract translation: 通过包含含硫石油焦炭和/或液体含烃燃料并具有含有镍和相对低水平的硅的灰分的原料的部分氧化来制备合成气。 通过引入含有约2〜100重量％的添加剂的添加剂，可以防止炉渣中生成有毒的二硫化镍（Ni3S2），原料气流中H2S + COS / H2 + CO的摩尔比基本上不增加。 ％的含硫材料和任何其余的含有补充的含铁材料与进料一起进入反应区。 添加剂与基本上所有的镍成分和原料中发现的大部分铁成分和硫结合，以产生基本上包含流化硫化物相和较少量的Fe，Ni合金相的熔渣。 在另一个实施方案中，在启动时，添加剂中含有少量钙化合物以降低含铁添加剂的软化温度。 在另一个实施方案中，添加剂均匀地分散在含有含镍灰分的含硫石油焦炭中。 通过该方法，可以在较低温度下容易地从气体发生器中除去不含有毒性Ni3S2并且具有降低的粘度的熔渣。 此外，耐火衬里的寿命延长。

公开(公告)号：US4705538A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-10

申请号：US795015

申请日：1985-11-04

Applicant: Mitri S. Najjar ,  Richard V. Kessler

Inventor： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Richard V. Kessler

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/66

CPC classification number: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: An ash fusion temperature increasing agent principally comprising a silicon and/or titanium compound, such as SiO.sub.2 and/or TiO.sub.2 is mixed with an ash-containing fuel comprising a pumpable liquid hydrocarbonaceous material and/or petroleum coke to produce Mixture A. In one embodiment, the ash fusion temperature increasing agent comprises about 55-100 wt. % of silicon compound selected from the group consisting of fine silica or quartz, volcanic ash, and mixtures thereof; and the remainder, if any, of said ash fusion temperature increasing agent comprises a member of the group consisting of aluminum compound such as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, magnesium compound such as MgO, and mixtures thereof. Mixture A is reacted with a free-oxygen containing gas in a free-flow refractory lined reaction zone of a partial oxidation gas generator. A hot raw effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO along with fly-ash having an increased initial deformation temperature are produced at a higher temperature. Alternatively, Mixture A may be first introduced into a coking zone and converted into petroleum coke in which the ash fusion temperature increasing agent is dispersed throughout. The petroleum coke entrained in a liquid or gaseous carrier is then introduced into the partial oxidation gas generator where a hot raw effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO is produced along with fly-ash having an increased ash fusion temperature. The fly-ash is readily separated from the effluent gas stream; and, the gas generator may be operated in the fly-ash mode at a higher temperature, thereby yielding higher carbon conversions while extending the life of the refractory lined reaction zone.

Abstract translation: 主要包含硅和/或钛化合物如SiO 2和/或TiO 2的灰熔融增温剂与包含可泵送液体含烃材料和/或石油焦炭的含灰分燃料混合以产生混合物A.在一个实施方案中 ，所述灰熔融升温剂包含约55-100wt。 ％的选自二氧化硅或石英的硅化合物，火山灰及其混合物; 并且所述灰熔融升温剂的剩余部分（如果有的话）包括由铝化合物如Al 2 O 3，镁化合物如MgO组成的组的组分，以及它们的混合物。 混合物A与部分氧化气体发生器的自由流动耐火衬里反应区中的含游离氧气体反应。 在较高的温度下产生包含H 2 + CO以及具有增加的初始变形温度的粉煤灰的热的原料流出气流。 或者，可以将混合物A首先引入焦化区并转化为石灰焦炭，其中灰分熔融升温剂分散在其中。 然后将夹带在液体或气体载体中的石油焦炭引入部分氧化气体发生器中，其中产生包含H 2 + CO的热的原始流出气流以及具有增加的灰熔融温度的飞灰。 飞灰容易与废气流分离; 并且气体发生器可以在较高温度下以飞灰模式操作，从而在延长耐火材料衬里反应区的寿命的同时产生更高的碳转化率。

公开(公告)号：US4666464A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US855037

申请日：1986-04-23

Applicant: Mitri S. Najjar ,  Walter C. Gates, Jr.

Inventor： Mitri S. Najjar ,  Walter C. Gates, Jr.

IPC: C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Aqueous slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel having an increased reactivity of the solid material are produced by maintaining the solid carbonaceous fuel-water slurry at a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 650.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 100 to 3500 psia and sufficient to maintain the H.sub.2 O in the slurry in liquid phase; at substantially constant temperature depressurizing said slurry to a pressure in the range of about above atmospheric to 250 psia above that in the reaction zone of a partial oxidation gas generator, thereby partially vaporizing the water in the slurry and producing steam. After depressurizing, the slurry is cooled so that the solid particles drop in temperature about 2.degree. F. to 10.degree. F. and the water in the slurry drops in temperature about 100.degree. F. to about 200.degree. F. the upgraded solid carbonaceous fuel-water slurry is then introduced into the reaction zone of the gas generator with substantially no further charge in pressure and/or temperature except for that resulting from ordinary pressure and/or heat losses in the lines. By the partial oxidation of the upgraded stream of solid carbonaceous fuel-water slurry with a free-oxygen containing gas in the gas generator, synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas is produced with a greater efficiency.

Abstract translation: 具有增加的固体材料的反应性的固体碳质燃料的水性浆料通过将固体碳质燃料 - 水浆料保持在约300至650°F范围内的温度和约100至约100的范围内的压力来制备 3500psia并足以维持液相中浆液中的H 2 O; 在基本恒定的温度下将所述浆料减压至高于大气压至250psia范围内的压力，高于部分氧化气体发生器的反应区域，从而部分蒸发浆料中的水并产生蒸汽。 减压后，将浆料冷却，使得固体颗粒在约2°F至10°F的温度下降，浆料中的水在约100°F至约200°F的温度下降。升级的固体碳质燃料 然后将水浆料在压力和/或温度下基本上不再进一步加入到气体发生器的反应区中，除了由管线中的常压和/或热损失引起的水浆料。 通过在气体发生器中通过含游离氧气体的固体碳质燃料 - 水浆料的升级流的部分氧化，以更高的效率生产合成气，还原气体或燃料气体。

公开(公告)号：US4666462A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US868501

申请日：1986-05-30

Applicant: Michael C. Martin

Inventor： Michael C. Martin

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: Control process for producing an aqueous slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel having a desired solids concentration for feed to a partial oxidation gas generator by grinding together in a size reduction zone a recycle aqueous slurry stream comprising carbon-containing particulate solids, a stream of solid carbonaceous fuel, and a specific amount of make-up water. No valves are in the line or path between the size reduction zone and the feed tanks for the solid carbonaceous fuel and recycle aqueous slurry. A system control unit automatically calculates the amount of make-up water and provides a corresponding signal to control the flow rate. Input signals that are provided to the system control unit include those corresponding to the weigh belt feeder speed and moisture content for the solid carbonaceous fuel; and pump speed, weight fraction, temperature, and density of the solids for the slurry of recycle particulate solids.

Abstract translation: 用于生产具有所需固体浓度的固体碳质燃料的含水浆料用于部分氧化气体发生器的控制方法，所述固体碳质燃料通过在尺寸减小区中一起研磨包含含碳颗粒固体的再循环含水浆料流，固体碳质燃料流 ，和一定量的化妆水。 减压区和固体碳质燃料和再循环水浆料的进料罐之间的管线或路径中没有阀。 系统控制单元自动计算补充水量，并提供相应的信号来控制流量。 提供给系统控制单元的输入信号包括对应于固体碳质燃料的称重带进料器速度和含水量的输入信号; 以及用于再循环颗粒固体的浆料的固体的泵速，重量分数，温度和密度。

公开(公告)号：US4481015A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-06

申请号：US382993

申请日：1982-05-28

Applicant: Jurgen Lusch ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Heinen ,  Wolfgang Kolodzey

Inventor： Jurgen Lusch ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Heinen ,  Wolfgang Kolodzey

IPC: C10L1/32 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10L1/326 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing pumpable coal-water suspensions by grinding pre-comminuted coal with water in a packed column in a ratio corresponding to the composition of the suspension ready for use. The addition of water or coal is controlled by measuring the density of the suspension leaving the mill, and the grain size of the coal particles is controlled by measuring the viscosity of the suspension. The density and viscosity of the coal-water suspension are simultaneously mutually adjusted. The addition of additives to the water is regulated according to the amount of coal added to the mill. The coal-water suspension can be fed to a coal gasification reactor without substantially changing the relative amounts of coal and water in said suspension.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种生产可泵送的煤 - 水悬浮液的方法，该方法以与填充塔中的水一起研磨预粉碎的煤，其比例对应于准备使用的悬浮液的组成。 通过测量离开磨机的悬浮液的密度来控制水或煤的添加，并且通过测量悬浮液的粘度来控制煤颗粒的晶粒尺寸。 煤 - 水悬浮液的密度和粘度同时相互调节。 根据添加到研磨机中的煤的量调节添加剂到水中的添加量。 煤 - 水悬浮液可以进料到煤气化反应器，而基本上不改变所述悬浮液中煤和水的相对量。

公开(公告)号：US4351647A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-28

申请号：US272418

申请日：1981-06-10

Applicant: Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

Inventor： Charles P. Marion ,  Albert Brent ,  George N. Richter ,  William B. Crouch ,  Edward T. Child ,  Blake Reynolds

IPC: C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/723 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: Disclosed is a partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed - up and down - without sacrificing stable operation. Additional mixing of the reactant streams is obtained in one embodiment by providing one or more coaxial cylindrical shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the central conduit and/or one or more annular shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the annular passage.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于由固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管，其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降，而不会影响稳定运行。 在一个实施方案中，通过在中心管道中串联提供一个或多个同轴圆柱形的预混合室和/或在环形通道中串联的一个或多个环形预混合室来获得反应物流的额外混合。

公开(公告)号：US4338099A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-06

申请号：US107215

申请日：1979-12-26

Applicant: William B. Crouch ,  George N. Richter ,  Charles P. Marion ,  Blake Reynolds ,  Albert Brent ,  Edward T. Child

Inventor： William B. Crouch ,  George N. Richter ,  Charles P. Marion ,  Blake Reynolds ,  Albert Brent ,  Edward T. Child

IPC: F23C99/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A process for the partial oxidation of pumpable slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels in which the pumpable slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel in a liquid carrier is passed in liquid phase through one passage of a burner comprising a retracted central coaxial conduit, an outer coaxial conduit with a converging orifice at the downstream tip of the burner and, optionally, an intermediate coaxial conduit. The downstream tips of the central conduit and the intermediate conduit, if any, are retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of respectively two or more say 3 to 10 for the central conduit, and about 0 to 12 say 1 to 5 for the intermediate conduit times the minimum diameter of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. A pre-mix zone is thereby provided comprising one or more, say 2 to 5 coaxial pre-mix chambers in series. The free-oxygen containing stream is passed through a separate passage of the burner into the pre-mix zone, in which mixing takes place with the slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel and liquid carrier. From 0 to 100, say about 2 to 80, volume % of the liquid carrier may be vaporized in the pre-mix zone. The multiphase mixture of reactants is then discharged into the reaction zone of the free-flow partial oxidation gas generator by way of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is thereby produced.

Abstract translation: 一种固体碳质燃料的可泵送浆料部分氧化的方法，其中在液体载体中固体碳质燃料的可泵送淤浆通过燃烧器的一个通道通过燃烧器，该燃烧器包括缩回的中心同轴导管， 在燃烧器的下游尖端处的会聚孔口，以及可选的中间同轴导管。 中心导管和中间导管的下游尖端（如果有的话）从燃烧器面的上游缩回，对于中心管道分别为两个或更多的距离，例如3至10，而对于中间管道，约0至12表示1至5 导管乘以燃烧器尖端处的外导管的会聚孔的最小直径。 因此，提供包括一个或多个，例如串联的2至5个同轴预混合室的预混合区。 将含游离氧的料流通过燃烧器的单独通道进入预混合区，其中与固体碳质燃料和液体载体的浆料进行混合。 从0到100，约2至80，液体载体的体积％可能在预混合区中汽化。 然后将反应物的多相混合物通过燃烧器末端处的外导管的会聚孔排出到自由流部分氧化气体发生器的反应区中。 由此制造合成气体，燃料气体或还原性气体。

公开(公告)号：US4244706A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-13

申请号：US74352

申请日：1979-09-10

Applicant: Albert J. Forney ,  William P. Haynes

Inventor： Albert J. Forney ,  William P. Haynes

IPC: C10J3/54

CPC classification number: C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: Coal or other carbonaceous material is gasified by reaction with steam and oxygen in a manner to minimize the problems of effluent water stream disposal. The condensate water from the product gas is recycled to slurry the coal feed and the amount of additional water or steam added for cooling or heating is minimized and preferably kept to a level of about that required to react with the carbonaceous material in the gasification reaction. The gasification is performed in a pressurized fluidized bed with the coal fed in a water slurry and preheated or vaporized by indirect heat exchange contact with product gas and recycled steam. The carbonaceous material is conveyed in a gas-solid mixture from bottom to top of the pressurized fluidized bed gasifier with the solids removed from the product gas and recycled steam in a supported moving bed filter of the resulting carbonaceous char. Steam is condensed from the product gas and the condensate recycled to form a slurry with the feed coal carbonaceous particles.

Abstract translation: 煤或其他碳质材料通过与蒸汽和氧气反应以使流出水流处理的问题最小化的方式气化。 来自产品气体的冷凝水被再循环到浆料中，并且为了冷却或加热而添加的额外的水或蒸汽的量被最小化，并且优选地保持在与气化反应中的碳质材料反应所需的水平。 气化在加压流化床中进行，煤在水浆中进料，并通过与产物气体和再循环蒸汽的间接热交换接触而预热或汽化。 碳质材料以加压流化床气化器的底部至顶部的气体 - 固体混合物输送，其中固体从产物气体中除去，并在所得碳质炭的支撑的移动床过滤器中再循环蒸汽。 蒸汽从产物气体和冷凝物中冷凝，再循环以与进料煤碳质颗粒形成浆料。