公开(公告)号：US4337170A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-29

申请号：US114566

申请日：1980-01-23

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B5/02 ,  C10G11/20 ,  C01B3/48

CPC分类号： C01B3/384 ,  B01J8/062 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The hot effluent from the catalytic steam reforming of a major portion of a fluid hydrocarbon feed stream in the reformer tubes of a primary reformer, or said effluent after secondary reforming thereof, is mixed with the hot effluent from the catalytic steam reforming of the remaining portion of the feed discharged from the reformer tubes of a primary reformer-exchanger. The combined gas steam is passed on the shell side of the reformer-exchanger countercurrently to the passage of feed in the reformer tubes thereof, thus supplying the heat for the reforming of the portion of the feed passed through the reformer tubes of the reformer-exchanger. At least about 2/3 of the hydrocarbon feed stream is passed to the reformer tubes of said primary reformer, heated by radiant heat transfer and/or by contact with combustion gases, at a steam/hydrocarbon mole ratio of about 2-4/1. The remainder of said feed stream is passed to the reformer tubes of said reformer-exchanger at a steam/hydrocarbon mole ratio of about 3-6/1. The reformer shell of the reformer-exchanger is internally insulated by a refractory lining or by use of a double shell with passage of water or a portion of the feed material between the inner and outer shells. There is no significant difference between the pressure inside and outside of the reformer tubes of said primary reformer-exchanger.

摘要翻译： 来自初级重整器的重整器管中的流体烃进料流的主要部分的催化蒸汽重整或其二次重整之后的所述流出物的热流出物与来自剩余部分的催化蒸汽重整的热流出物混合 的从一次重整器交换器的重整管排出的进料。 合并后的气体蒸汽在重整器交换器的外壳侧通过与重整器管中的进料通道逆流，从而为通过重整器交换器的重整器管的进料部分的重整提供热量 。 至少约2/3的烃进料流通过辐射热传递和/或通过与燃烧气体的接触而被加热到所述初级重整器的重整器管，其蒸汽/烃摩尔比约为2-4 / 1 。 所述进料流的剩余部分以约3-6 / 1的蒸汽/烃摩尔比通入所述重整器 - 交换器的重整器管。 重整器 - 交换器的重整器外壳由耐火衬里内部绝缘或通过使用具有水通过的双壳或者在内壳和外壳之间的进料的一部分进行内部绝缘。 所述一次重整器 - 交换器的重整器管内外的压力无显着差异。

公开(公告)号：US4150954A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-24

申请号：US852032

申请日：1977-11-16

申请人： Joerg Abthoff ,  Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Rolf Gabler

发明人： Joerg Abthoff ,  Hans-Dieter Schuster ,  Rolf Gabler

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  C01B3/38 ,  F01N3/00 ,  F02M27/02 ,  C10G11/10

CPC分类号： F02M27/02 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C10G11/00 ,  C10G11/22

摘要： A split gas generator, especially for an air-compressing internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in which a catalyst supporting the split gas reaction is arranged in a container; the components of the split gas production flow through the catalyst in the longitudinal direction, while air-guide channels embedded in the catalyst are traversed by the exhaust gases and by the fresh air in a direction opposite to the direction of the split gas flow in the catalyst; the air-guide channels are in heat-transferring connection with the catalyst.

摘要翻译： 一种分体式气体发生器，特别是用于机动车辆的空气压缩内燃机，其中支撑裂解气体反应的催化剂布置在容器中; 裂解气产生的成分在长度方向流过催化剂，同时内置在催化剂中的导气通道被废气和新鲜空气沿着与分离气流方向相反的方向穿过 催化剂; 导气通道与催化剂热传导连接。

公开(公告)号：US4095935A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-20

申请号：US679525

申请日：1976-04-23

申请人： Denis A. Menegaz ,  Elmars Blumenaus ,  Richard Estile H. Ray

发明人： Denis A. Menegaz ,  Elmars Blumenaus ,  Richard Estile H. Ray

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/38 ,  F23D11/02

CPC分类号： C01B3/384 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： An improved furnace design for carrying out the catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons, including an air delivery and burner system which extends across the top of the furnace. The air delivery system includes a plurality of air ducts each forming a plenum arch, with the arches being suspended between their respective ends as they span the top of the furnace. Burners, for providing heat to the radiant section of the furnace, are spaced within each of such arches and extend into the furnace. Further, the plenum arches provide a supporing structure for the insulation forming the top the radiant section of the furnace.

摘要翻译： 用于进行烃的催化蒸汽重整的改进的炉设计，包括延伸穿过炉顶部的空气输送和燃烧器系统。 空气输送系统包括多个空气管道，每个空气管道形成一个通风拱门，当它们跨越炉子顶部时，拱形件悬挂在它们各自的端部之间。 用于向炉的辐射部分提供热量的燃烧器在每个这样的拱中间隔开并延伸到炉中。 此外，增压拱门为形成炉子的辐射部分顶部的绝缘提供了支撑结构。

公开(公告)号：US4047935A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-13

申请号：US531829

申请日：1974-12-11

申请人： Thomas F. Barnhart

发明人： Thomas F. Barnhart

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C21B13/00 ,  G21D9/00 ,  C07C1/02

CPC分类号： G21D9/00 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C21B13/0073 ,  Y02P10/122 ,  Y02P10/126 ,  Y02P10/128 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/143 ,  Y02P10/212

摘要： A method of reforming a fluid to make it suitable for use as a reducing gas in a direct reduction process is provided. The method is also taught in conjunction with a specific process for which it is particularly suited. The method uses a high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor as a heat source for a catalytic reformer which is coupled with a cryogenic gas separation step to remove a substantial amount of the unreacted hydrocarbon.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种重整流体以使其适合用作直接还原过程中的还原气体的方法。 该方法还结合特别适合的特定方法来教导。 该方法使用高温气冷核反应堆作为催化重整器的热源，其与低温气体分离步骤相结合以除去大量未反应的烃。

公开(公告)号：US3988425A

公开(公告)日：1976-10-26

申请号：US493203

申请日：1974-07-30

申请人： Heinz Jockel ,  Friedrich Wilhelm Moller ,  Hans Gunter Mortel ,  Heiner Tanz

发明人： Heinz Jockel ,  Friedrich Wilhelm Moller ,  Hans Gunter Mortel ,  Heiner Tanz

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B32/40 ,  C01B31/00 ,  C01B1/18

CPC分类号： C01B31/18 ,  C01B3/38 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/446

摘要： Carbon monoxide is produced from light hydrocarbons having an average C number not greater than 15 by catalytic cracking with water vapor in two cracking stages followed by separation of the carbon monoxide from the product gas employing the following steps:I. mixing the hydrocarbon feedstock with 0.02-0.1 standard cubic meter hydrogen per kilogram;Ii. subjecting this mixture to hot desulfurization;Iii. mixing the desulfurized mixture with superheated process steam in a ratio of 1.1-1.7 moles per mole of carbon in the feedstock;Iv. converting the resulting mixture in contact with nickel catalysts in a first cracking stage at temperatures of 300.degree.-500.degree. C. and thereafter, after a partial pressure relief, in a second stage at temperatures above 825.degree. C.; andV. cooling the product gas which is rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen, removing carbon dioxide and water vapor from the cooled product gas, and then decomposing said product gas at low temperatures recovering carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

摘要翻译： 一氧化碳由平均C值不大于15的轻烃生产，通过在两个裂解阶段用水蒸汽进行催化裂化，然后使用以下步骤从产物气中分离一氧化碳：

公开(公告)号：US3980440A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-14

申请号：US602198

申请日：1975-08-06

申请人： David C. Morse ,  William W. Howard

发明人： David C. Morse ,  William W. Howard

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/38 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J35/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/062 ,  C01B3/384 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： A steam-hydrocarbon reformer is provided having a catalyst tube assembly which includes an outer casing and a central coaxial inner tube within the casing. A column of stacked catalyst pellets surrounds the inner tube. An annular passageway is provided between the outer surface of the column of stacked catalyst pellets and the outer casing. The fluid containing the reactants and products flows in this annular passageway and through another passageway in the center of the inner tube.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种蒸汽 - 烃重整器，其具有催化剂管组件，该催化剂管组件在壳体内包括外壳和中心同轴内管。 堆叠的催化剂颗粒柱围绕内管。 在堆叠的催化剂颗粒的柱的外表面和外壳之间设置环形通道。 含有反应物和产物的流体在该环形通道中流动并通过内管中心的另一个通道。

公开(公告)号：US3958951A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-25

申请号：US459311

申请日：1974-04-09

申请人： Herman N. Woebcke ,  Chi Sheng Kuo

发明人： Herman N. Woebcke ,  Chi Sheng Kuo

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B1/18

CPC分类号： B01J8/062 ,  C01B3/384 ,  Y02P20/125

摘要： A reformer furnace having a convection section, means for preventing radiant heat from the burners to the convection section, a centrally disposed effluent tube suspended from the top of the furnace, a tube sheet surrounding and suspended from the centrally disposed effluent tube and reformer tubes suspended from the tube sheet which reformer tubes are in communication with the interior of the effluent tube. The related equipment disclosed include a honeycomb sandwich tube sheet, a perforated semi-spherical combustion shield and vessel wall insulation structure including a purge gas annular space.

摘要翻译： 具有对流部分的重整炉，用于防止从燃烧器到对流部分的辐射热的装置，从炉顶部悬置的居中设置的流出物管，围绕并悬浮于中心设置的流出管的管板和重悬器管悬挂 来自管板，该重整器管与流出管的内部连通。 所公开的相关设备包括蜂窝夹层管板，穿孔半球形燃烧屏蔽和包括吹扫气体环形空间的容器壁绝缘结构。

公开(公告)号：US3954422A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-04

申请号：US446093

申请日：1974-02-26

申请人： Hellmuth Mentschel

发明人： Hellmuth Mentschel

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C01B3/38 ,  F02M27/02 ,  C10B1/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/0465 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C10G11/02 ,  C10G11/22 ,  F02M27/02 ,  Y10S48/05

摘要： A multi-stage reformed-gas generator(fuel converter) of the type having at least two reaction chambers, each of which containing a catalyst, with the two being connected in series in a flow direction, and means for supplying a gas acting as an oxygen carrier to the reaction chambers and means for supplying fuel gas through the chambers in the flow direction. The catalyst is arranged in the reaction chambers between gas permeable surfaces which separate the reaction chambers from each other and by means of which the gas serving as an oxygen carrier can be fed to the reaction chambers, in which the oxygen carrier gas and the fuel gas are contacted with each other substantially in perpendicular direction to their respective flows in the chamber.

摘要翻译： 一种具有至少两个反应室的多级改质气体发生器（燃料转化器），每个反应室含有两个在流动方向上串联连接的催化剂，以及用于供应作为 氧载体到反应室，以及用于在流动方向上通过腔室供应燃料气体的装置。 催化剂被布置在气体可透过表面之间的反应室中，这些反应室将反应室彼此分离，借助于这些反应室，用作氧载体的气体可以被供给到反应室，在该反应室中，氧气载气和燃料气体 彼此大体垂直于其在腔室中的流动方向彼此接触。

公开(公告)号：US3950368A

公开(公告)日：1976-04-13

申请号：US415416

申请日：1973-11-13

申请人： Franz Josef Broecker ,  Guenter Zirker ,  Bruno Triebskorn ,  Laszlo Marosi ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Winfried Dethlefsen ,  Knut Kaempfer

发明人： Franz Josef Broecker ,  Guenter Zirker ,  Bruno Triebskorn ,  Laszlo Marosi ,  Matthias Schwarzmann ,  Winfried Dethlefsen ,  Knut Kaempfer

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/755 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07C1/02 ,  C07C4/00 ,  C07C4/06 ,  C07C9/04 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C27/06

CPC分类号： C07C1/02 ,  B01J23/755 ,  C07C4/00 ,  C10G11/02 ,  C10G11/10 ,  C07C2527/236

摘要： A two-stage process for the manufacture of methane from hydrocarbons is described. In the first stage, the hydrocarbons are converted into methane-rich gases, using the nickel catalyst described below. The cracked gases thus obtained are cooled and converted into methane-rich gases in a further catalytic process stage, using a methanization catalyst or the nickel catalyst mentioned below. To produce the nickel catalyst, the compound Ni.sub.6 Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.16.CO.sub.3.4H.sub.2 O is prepared in aqueous solution. The catalyst is obtained from this compound by drying, calcination and subsequent reduction in a stream of hydrogen whilst maintaining very specific temperature gradients between the drying stage and the calcination stage.

公开(公告)号：US3920416A

公开(公告)日：1975-11-18

申请号：US42844473

申请日：1973-12-26

申请人： CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN

发明人： HOUSEMAN JOHN

IPC分类号： C10G11/20 ,  B01F3/04 ,  B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/02 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B01F15/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C02F1/04 ,  F02B43/00 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02M33/00 ,  C10J3/00

CPC分类号： B01F5/0057 ,  B01F3/04049 ,  B01F5/02 ,  B01F2013/1052 ,  B01F2015/062 ,  B01F2215/0086 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C02F1/04 ,  F02B43/00 ,  F02M27/00 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02T10/32

摘要： There is provided a process and apparatus for producing a hydrogen rich gas from liquid hydrocarbon and water using the partial oxidation steam reforming process.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用部分氧化蒸汽重整方法从液态烃和水生产富氢气体的方法和装置。