Abstract:
Improved hydrochlorination reactors, which have a larger internal volume and hence functional capacity than presently available hydrochlorination reactors, may be prepared with reactor walls having inner and outer layers where each layer provides a unique benefit, the inner layer having hydrogen chloride resistance and the outer layer having high strength at elevated temperature and pressure. Alternatively, or additionally, hoops may be disposed along the outside of the reactor wall to provide additional strength to the reactor during operation. Specified materials may be used to form the reactor wall in order to provide both acid resistance and high strength at elevated operating temperatures.
Abstract:
In an embodiment, a method of producing carbonate can comprise: reacting a feed comprising carbon monoxide and chlorine in a tube of a reactor to produce a product composition comprising phosgene, wherein the tube has a particulate catalyst contained therein, wherein a thermally conductive material separate from the tube contacts at least a portion of the particulate catalyst, and wherein carbon tetrachloride is present in the product composition in an amount of 0 to 10 ppm by volume based on the volume of the phosgene; and reacting a monohydroxy compound with the phosgene to produce the carbonate.
Abstract:
A method and fluidized bed reactor for reducing or eliminating contamination of silicon-coated particles are disclosed. The metal surface of one or more fluidized bed reactor components is at least partially coated with a hard protective layer comprising a material having an ultimate tensile strength of at least 700 MPa at 650° C.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for producing a liquid crystalline polyester resin, wherein an acetylation reaction and an oligomerization reaction of raw materials are carried out in an acetylation reaction vessel, and then a deacetylation polycondensation of a liquid after the oligomerization reaction is carried out in a polycondensation reaction vessel, wherein the acetylation reaction vessel used is a vessel having an inner wall surface composed of an alloy containing 50% by mass or more of Ni and 10% by mass or more of Mo; and the inner wall surface of the acetylation reaction vessel is divided into three or more band-like zones arrayed in the height direction of the vessel, and the oligomerization reaction is carried out while maintaining the temperatures of each band-like zone in a particular relationship.
Abstract:
In one aspect, a method of producing a sulfur-infused carbonaceous material as a cathode material for use in a Li—S battery is described, including providing a carbonaceous material; mixing elemental sulfur with the carbonaceous material; and heating the mixed sulfur and the carbonaceous material at a temperature from about 445° C. to about 1000° C. for a period of time and under a pressure greater than 1 atm to generate a sulfur vapor to infuse the carbonaceous material to result in a sulfur-infused carbonaceous material. In another aspect, a reactor for producing a sulfur-infused carbonaceous material as a cathode material for use in a Li—S battery is described, including a reactor body capable of withstanding a pressure from about 1 atm to about 150 atm; and an inner sulfur-resistant layer at the inner surface of the reactor, wherein the inner layer is inert to sulfur vapor at a temperature from about 450° C. to about 1000° C.
Abstract:
A reactor vessel liner system includes a liner having an inner wall, an outer wall, and a plurality of passages extending between the inner wall and the outer wall. An attachment member extends outwards from the outer wall for securing the liner.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.
Abstract:
An interconnectable refractory anchor for receiving moldable refractory material together and creating a protective ceramic refractory lining minimizing erosion and increasing the useful life of refractory linings in reactors and vessels. The interconnected anchoring system comprises a plurality of interconnectable refractory anchors for use in a high temperature severe duty environment. The steps of the method comprise interconnecting a plurality of refractory anchors, fastening the interconnected anchoring system to a vessel, fitting a moldable refractory material into the spaces, and curing the moldable refractory material to service temperature creating a protective ceramic refractory lining for the vessel.