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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6123913A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US185325
申请日：1998-11-03
CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0465 , B01J8/0469 , B01J8/048 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , H01M8/0612 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00849 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1229 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/141 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/82 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A method is disclosed for synthesizing hydrogen gas from hydrocarbon fuel. A first mixture of steam and a first fuel is directed into a first tube 208 to subject the first mixture to a first steam reforming reaction in the presence of a first catalyst 214. A stream of oxygen-containing gas is pre-heated by transferring heat energy from product gases. A second mixture of the pre-heated oxygen-containing gas and a second fuel is directed into a second tube 218 disposed about the first tube 208 to subject the second mixture to a partial oxidation reaction and to provide heat energy for transfer to the first tube 208. A first reaction reformate from the first tube 208 and a second reaction reformate from the second tube 218 are directed into a third tube 224 disposed about the second tube 218 to subject the first and second reaction reformates to a second steam reforming reaction, wherein heat energy is transferred to the third tube 224 from the second tube 218.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从烃燃料合成氢气的方法。 蒸汽和第一燃料的第一混合物被引导到第一管208中，以在第一催化剂214的存在下使第一混合物进行第一蒸汽重整反应。通过传递热量来预热含氧气体流 来自产品气体的能量。 预热的含氧气体和第二燃料的第二混合物被引导到围绕第一管208设置的第二管218中，以使第二混合物进行部分氧化反应并提供用于转移到第一管的热能 208.来自第一管208的第一反应重整产物和来自第二管218的第二反应重整产物被引导到围绕第二管218设置的第三管224中，以使第一和第二反应重整产物进行第二蒸汽重整反应，其中 热能从第二管218转移到第三管224。
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公开(公告)号：US5947370A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-07
申请号：US79573
申请日：1998-05-15
IPC分类号： F24C3/12 , F23N1/02 , F24C15/10 , G01N25/08 , G05B11/36 , G05B13/02 , G05D23/19 , F23N1/08 , G01N25/02
CPC分类号： F23N1/022 , F24C15/106 , G01N25/08 , G05B13/0275 , G05D23/1913 , G05D23/1917 , F23N2023/36 , F23N2023/52
摘要： A system for monitoring and controlling the state of a thermal process. The system applies a modulated heat input to a liquid in a vessel and a thermal response measured at the bottom of the vessel provides information for real time processing of thermal properties of the liquid as it is being heated. Detection and control of an unknown boiling point enables a steady simmer or boiling condition in the liquid to be maintained.
摘要翻译： 用于监测和控制热过程状态的系统。 该系统将调制的热量输入应用于容器中的液体，并且在容器底部测量的热响应提供用于在被加热时液体的热性质的实时处理的信息。 未知沸点的检测和控制能够保持液体中稳定的煨或沸腾状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5800140A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US736868
申请日：1996-10-25
申请人： Ronald J. Forni
发明人： Ronald J. Forni
CPC分类号： F01C1/0215 , F01C1/0246 , F01C17/06 , F04C2/025 , F05C2225/00
摘要： A compact scroll fluid device includes a pair of wrap support elements with one of the wrap support elements having an inner axial surface formed with an involute spiral recess and the other of the wrap support elements having an involute spiral wrap member projecting from an inner axial surface thereof. The spiral wrap member is received within the spiral recess while being relatively movable about an orbital path therein. A synchronizer assembly is provided axially between the wrap support elements, radially inwardly of both inlet and outlet zones associated with the scroll fluid device and radially outwardly of an orbit center of the device. The entire scroll fluid device is preferably made of plastic. With this arrangement, an extremely compact and inexpensive device is provided.
摘要翻译： 紧凑的涡旋流体装置包括一对包裹支撑元件，其中一个包裹支撑元件具有形成有渐开线螺旋凹槽的内轴向表面，另一个包裹支撑元件具有从内轴向表面突出的渐开线螺旋形包裹件 其中。 螺旋形卷绕构件被容纳在螺旋凹槽内，同时围绕其中的轨道路径相对移动。 同步器组件轴向地设置在涡卷支撑元件之间，径向向内与涡旋流体装置相关联的入口区域和出口区域，并且位于装置的轨道中心的径向外侧。 整个涡旋流体装置优选地由塑料制成。 通过这种布置，提供了非常紧凑和便宜的装置。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5753820A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US736869
申请日：1996-10-25
申请人： Michael A. Reed , Paul Franzosa
发明人： Michael A. Reed , Paul Franzosa
CPC分类号： G01L9/0072 , G01L27/005
摘要： A sensing unit includes a re-usable portion which is isolated from system fluids and a disposable portion. The disposable portion includes an enclosure that defines an internal cavity with one wall of the enclosure being constituted by a flexible diaphragm that is exposed to operating pressure of the system. The re-usable portion has mounted therein a sensing array at a position adjacent to a non-system pressure side surface of the diaphragm. The sensing array includes a plurality of sensing elements which are arranged as radial inner and outer sets with each set being adapted to preferentially sense a deflection of a central portion of the diaphragm. An output signal representative of the fluid pressure in the fluid system is established based on a ratio of deflection signals from the sets of sensing elements. Preferably, the sensing elements constitute capacitive plates that have equally exposed surface areas.
摘要翻译： 感测单元包括与系统流体和一次性部分隔离的可再利用部分。 一次性部分包括限定内部空腔的外壳，外壳的一个壁由暴露于系统的操作压力的柔性隔膜构成。 可再利用部分在与隔膜的非系统压力侧表面相邻的位置处安装有感测阵列。 感测阵列包括多个感测元件，其被布置为径向内部和外部组，其中每组适于优先感测隔膜的中心部分的偏转。 基于来自传感元件组的偏转信号的比率来建立表示流体系统中的流体压力的输出信号。 优选地，感测元件构成具有相等暴露的表面积的电容板。
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公开(公告)号：US5588971A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US325994
申请日：1994-10-19
CPC分类号： H01M4/667 , H01M4/66 , H01M4/661 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A current collector device for a rechargeable electrolytic cell and method for manufacturing same. The device includes an aluminum current collector having a substantially reduced oxidation layer relative to its native oxide layer, to, in turn, exhibit a relatively low interfacial impedance. A layer of electrode material is applied and adhered to the surface of the aluminum current collector to enable electrochemical activity with the particular ions in an electrolyte within the electrolytic cell. A primer may be applied between the electrode material and the aluminum current collector, wherein the primer serves to substantially preclude re-growth of the oxide layer which would otherwise occur absent such a primer.
摘要翻译： 一种用于可再充电电解池的集流装置及其制造方法。 该器件包括相对于其天然氧化物层具有显着减小的氧化层的铝集电器，进而显示相对低的界面阻抗。 施加电极材料层并将其粘附到铝集电器的表面上，以使电解池中的电解质中的特定离子具有电化学活性。 可以在电极材料和铝集电器之间施加底漆，其中底漆用于基本排除氧化层的再生长，否则这种底漆将不会发生。
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公开(公告)号：US5580686A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US542710
申请日：1995-10-13
申请人： Jie Shi , Arthur A. Massucco , Denis G. Fauteux
发明人： Jie Shi , Arthur A. Massucco , Denis G. Fauteux
摘要： An electrolytic cell having an electrolyte, a first and second electrode and a primer comprised of lithium polysilicate and carbon, applied to at least one of the first and second electrodes, wherein the primer is chemically and electrochemically stable and electronically conductive so as to decrease interfacial resistance in the cell to enhance columbic efficiency.
摘要翻译： 一种具有电解质，第一和第二电极以及由聚硅酸锂和碳构成的底漆的电解槽，其被施加到第一和第二电极中的至少一个，其中底漆是化学和电化学稳定的并且是电子导电的，以便降低界面 细胞中的抗性提高了突变效率。
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公开(公告)号：US5578396A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US396626
申请日：1995-03-01
CPC分类号： H01M4/667 , H01M4/66 , H01M4/661 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A current collector device for an electrolytic cell and method for manufacturing same. The device includes an aluminum current collector having a substantially reduced oxidation layer relative to its native oxide layer, to, in turn, exhibit a relatively low interfacial resistance. A coating of material which includes an etching agent and a primer are both applied to the surface of the aluminum current collector in a single mixture so that actual etching and bonding of the primer to the surface can be accomplished by a single step. It is also contemplated that the primer material act as an electrode material which enables electrochemical activity with the particular ions in an electrolyte within the electrolytic cell.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电解池的集电器件及其制造方法。 该装置包括相对于其天然氧化物层具有显着减小的氧化层的铝集电器，进而显示相对低的界面电阻。 包括蚀刻剂和底漆的材料涂层都以单一混合物施加到铝集流器的表面，使得底漆与表面的实际蚀刻和粘合可以通过单一步骤完成。 还可以预期的是，底漆材料起电极材料的作用，该电极材料能使电解槽内的电解质中的特定离子具有电化学活性。
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公开(公告)号：US5573554A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US506682
申请日：1995-07-25
CPC分类号： H01M4/667 , H01M4/66 , H01M4/661 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A current collector device for an electrolytic cell and method for manufacturing same. The device includes an aluminum current collector having a substantially reduced oxidation layer relative to its native oxide layer, to, in turn, exhibit a relatively low interfacial resistance. A coating of material which includes an etching agent and a primer are both applied to the surface of the aluminum current collector in a single mixture so that actual etching and bonding of the primer to the surface can be accomplished by a single step. It is also contemplated that the primer material act as an electrode material which enables electrochemical activity with the particular ions in an electrolyte within the electrolytic cell.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电解池的集电器件及其制造方法。 该装置包括相对于其天然氧化物层具有显着减小的氧化层的铝集电器，进而显示相对低的界面电阻。 包括蚀刻剂和底漆的材料涂层都以单一混合物施加到铝集流器的表面，使得底漆与表面的实际蚀刻和粘合可以通过单一步骤完成。 还可以预期的是，底漆材料起电极材料的作用，该电极材料能使电解槽内的电解质中的特定离子具有电化学活性。
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公开(公告)号：US5547778A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-20
申请号：US502109
申请日：1995-07-13
申请人： Denis G. Fauteux , Martin Van Buren , Jie Shi
发明人： Denis G. Fauteux , Martin Van Buren , Jie Shi
CPC分类号： H01M10/0567 , H01M10/05 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/381 , H01M10/24
摘要： An electrolytic cell, such as a rechargeable lithium battery, having cavitands associated with a metal ion source-electrode and an electrolyte. The cavitands, which are anchored to the electrode by a polymer leash, are capable of releasably attracting particular ions, such as lithium ions, which are migrating from the electrolyte, toward the surface of the electrode during electrodeposition. The polymer leash serves to continuously maintain the cavitands at a predetermined distance away from the surface of the electrode, regardless of surface area fluctuations, typically caused during deposition and dissolution of the particular ions. Accordingly, the cavitands facilitate substantially uniform electrodeposition of the particular ions, which, in turn, substantially suppresses and/or controls the formation and growth of a passive film or layer, on the electrode surface, which may otherwise promote the formation of dendrites.
摘要翻译： 具有与金属离子源电极和电解质相关联的空穴的诸如可再充电锂电池的电解池。 通过聚合物皮带锚定到电极的空穴能够在电沉积期间释放地吸引从电解质迁移到电极表面的特定离子，例如锂离子。 聚合物带用于将空穴连续地保持在离电极表面预定距离处，而不管通常在特定离子的沉积和溶解期间引起的表面积波动。 因此，空穴促进了特定离子的基本上均匀的电沉积，其进而基本上抑制和/或控制在电极表面上的钝化膜或层的形成和生长，否则可能促进枝晶的形成。
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公开(公告)号：US5328341A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US95842
申请日：1993-07-22
申请人： Ronald J. Forni
发明人： Ronald J. Forni
CPC分类号： F04C18/023
摘要： A scroll fluid device includes a synchronizer having a plurality of first synchronizer elements, fixedly secured to or integrally formed along a flank portion of one of a pair of meshed wraps, which are interdigited with a plurality of second synchronizer elements carried by a wrap support plate of the other meshed wrap. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the synchronizer elements carried by the wrap flank comprise teeth which extend into grooves formed in the support plate of the other wrap. In addition, the synchronizer elements on each of the wraps extend about a predetermined angular portion, preferably 180.degree., of each of the scroll elements. In this manner, it is possible to form each wrap with both tooth and groove portion,s, each portion extending about complimentary 180.degree. portions of the wrap, which are interdigited with corresponding tooth and groove portions on the other wrap. By forming the synchronizing elements with the flanks and support members of the wraps respectively, the overall dimensions of the scroll fluid device can be significantly reduced, i.e., in the range of 25%. In addition, due to the construction of the synchronizer, fluid can tangentially enter a radially outer inlet zone of the scroll device when the device is used as a compressor, for example. This arrangement further enables delivery of the fluid to the transport chamber(s) formed between the wraps at a reduced velocity in order to increase operating efficiency.
摘要翻译： 一种涡旋流体装置包括具有多个第一同步器元件的同步器，该多个第一同步器元件固定地固定到一对啮合的包裹物中的一个的侧面部分中或与其一体形成，它们与多个第二同步器元件交错， 的另一个网格包装。 根据本发明的优选实施例，由包裹侧面承载的同步器元件包括延伸到形成在另一个包装的支撑板中的凹槽中的齿。 另外，每个涡卷上的同步器元件围绕每个涡旋元件的预定角度部分（优选地为180°）延伸。 以这种方式，可以形成具有齿和槽部分s的每个包裹物，每个部分围绕包裹的互补180度部分延伸，其与另一个包裹物上的对应的齿和槽部分交错。 通过分别与套管的侧面和支撑构件形成同步元件，可以显着地减小涡旋流体装置的总体尺寸，即在25％的范围内。 此外，由于同步器的结构，例如，当该装置用作压缩机时，流体可以切向地进入涡管装置的径向外部入口区域。 这种布置还能够以降低的速度将流体输送到形成在包装之间的输送室，以提高操作效率。
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