公开(公告)号：US5793521A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-11

申请号：US684786

申请日：1996-07-22

申请人： Stephen O'Brien ,  Alexander Schoenfelder ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  Ross A. Parke ,  David F. Welch

发明人： Stephen O'Brien ,  Alexander Schoenfelder ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  Ross A. Parke ,  David F. Welch

IPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/042 ,  H01S5/062 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/16 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S3/00

CPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0425 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S2301/163 ,  H01S2301/166 ,  H01S5/0267 ,  H01S5/0422 ,  H01S5/06243 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1053 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1085 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/16 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/2036 ,  H01S5/5018

摘要： An optical gain medium comprising, for example, an optical semiconductor device which is differentially pumped and a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) device employing such an amplifier. The gain medium may have a linear stripe region or a diverging stripe region that allows the light propagating therein to diverge along at least part of its length, such as a flared or tapered amplifier having a gain region that increases in width toward its output at a rate that equals or exceeds the divergence of the light. The amplifier is pumped with a current density at its input end which is smaller than the current density used to pump the output end for maintaining coherence of the beam to high power levels employing differential pumping. Differential pumping may be both longitudinal and lateral within the amplifier and may be patterned to reduce the peak modal gain observed longitudinally along and/or laterally across the pumped stripe region of the gain medium so that he experienced modal gain of the propagating light is more balanced along the length of the stripe region, i.e., rendered significantly more uniform in distribution, providing for higher diffraction limited performance without optical filamentation formation.

摘要翻译： 一种光增益介质，包括例如差分泵浦的光半导体器件和使用这种放大器的主振荡器功率放大器（MOPA）器件。 增益介质可以具有线性条纹区域或发散条纹区域，其允许其中传播的光沿着其长度的至少一部分发散，例如具有增大区域的扩张区域或锥形放大器，该增宽区域在宽度方向上朝向其输出端 等于或超过光的分歧。 放大器在其输入端以电流密度泵送，该电流密度小于用于泵浦输出端的电流密度，以便通过差分泵浦将光束的相干保持为高功率电平。 差分泵浦可以在放大器内纵向和横向两者，并且可以被图案化以减少在增益介质的泵浦条带区域沿纵向和/或横向观察到的峰值模态增益，使得他经历了传播光的模态增益更均衡 沿着条纹区域的长度，即在分布中显着地更均匀地提供，从而提供更高的衍射限制性能，而不需要光学成丝形成。

公开(公告)号：US5255332A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US915918

申请日：1992-07-16

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Stephen O'Brien

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Stephen O'Brien

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/36

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/2804 ,  G02B6/2848 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F2201/305

摘要： An optical crossbar switch matrix for use in switching optical signals from a first set of optical fibers to a second set of optical fibers, in any order, which is characterized by having a matrix of rows and columns of diffraction gratings formed in a semiconductor heterostructure. Each grating is independently biased with either a forward or reverse bias voltage to switch the grating between a reflective state and a transmissive state. The gratings are oriented at an angle relative to the rows and columns so that when the Bragg condition for the light received from an optical film is met, a portion of the light is diffracted from the row in which it is propagating into a column toward another optical fiber. The heterostructure may include optical amplifiers to restore the optical signal to its original power level. Beam expanding, collimating and focussing optics may also be integrated into the heterostructure.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将光信号从第一组光纤切换到第二组光纤的光学交叉开关矩阵，其特征在于具有在半导体异质结构中形成的行和列的衍射光栅的矩阵。 每个光栅被独立地偏置有正向或反向偏置电压，以在反射状态和透射状态之间切换光栅。 光栅相对于行和列以一定角度取向，使得当满足从光学膜接收的光的布拉格条件时，光的一部分从其正在传播到列的行衍射成另一个 光纤。 异质结构可以包括将光信号恢复到其原始功率电平的光放大器。 光束扩展，准直和聚焦光学器件也可以整合到异质结构中。

公开(公告)号：US5539571A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US202359

申请日：1994-02-28

申请人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  Ross A. Parke

发明人： David F. Welch ,  Donald R. Scifres ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  David G. Mehuys ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  Ross A. Parke

IPC分类号： H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/042 ,  H01S5/062 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/16 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S3/00

CPC分类号： H01S5/0425 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/20 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S2301/163 ,  H01S2301/166 ,  H01S5/0267 ,  H01S5/0422 ,  H01S5/06243 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1053 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1085 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/125 ,  H01S5/16 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/2036 ,  H01S5/5018

摘要： An optical amplifier semiconductor device which is differentially pumped and a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) device employing such an amplifier. The amplifier allows the light propagating therein to diverge along at least part of its length, and may be a flared amplifier having a gain region that increases in width toward its output at a rate that equals or exceeds the divergence of the light. The amplifier is pumped with a current density at its input end which is smaller than the current density used to pump the output end for maintaining coherence of the beam to high power levels. Differential pumping may be both longitudinal and lateral within the amplifier. A single mode preamplifier section may be optically coupled to the input end of the amplifier. The amplifier input may have a width which is the same as or wider than that of the preamplifier output. The preamplifier may have a constant mode width or may be tapered to alter the divergence of the beams provided to the amplifier section. The laser oscillator in the MOPA device may be a single mode DBR laser diode monolithically integrated on the same substrate as the optical amplifier. Laser sources external to an amplifier chip may also be used. The input portion of the amplifier or the preamplifier section, if present, may be modulated. The laser oscillator might also be modulated if it has a high Q cavity. Tunable laser oscillators are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 差分泵浦的光放大器半导体器件和采用这种放大器的主振荡器功率放大器（MOPA）器件。 放大器允许其中传播的光沿其长度的至少一部分发散，并且可以是具有增益区域的扩张放大器，该增益区域以等于或超过光的发散度的速率朝向其输出增加。 放大器在其输入端以电流密度泵送，该电流密度小于用于泵浦输出端的电流密度，以将光束的相干性保持在高功率水平。 差分泵浦可以在放大器内部纵向和横向两者。 单模前置放大器部分可以光耦合到放大器的输入端。 放大器输入可以具有与前置放大器输出的宽度相同或更宽的宽度。 前置放大器可以具有恒定的模式宽度，或者可以是锥形的，以改变提供给放大器部分的光束的发散度。 MOPA器件中的激光振荡器可以是单模DBR激光二极管，其单片集成在与光放大器相同的衬底上。 还可以使用放大器芯片外部的激光源。 放大器或前置放大器部分的输入部分（如果存在）可以被调制。 如果激光振荡器具有高Q腔，则也可能会被调制。 还公开了可调谐激光振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US5159604A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US737463

申请日：1991-07-29

申请人： David G. Mehuys ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Donald R. Scifres

发明人： David G. Mehuys ,  Amos A. Hardy ,  David F. Welch ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Donald R. Scifres

IPC分类号： H01S5/40

CPC分类号： H01S5/4031

摘要： In a semiconductor laser array structure in which antiguided regions between high effective refractive index waveguide regions experience greater gain then the waveguide regions, structures introduced at the sides of the array, next to the edgemost waveguides and not on the array period, reflect laterally transmitted radiation back toward the center of the array. The edge reflecting structures may be waveguide regions having widths of (m'+1/2) half-wavelengths, where "m'" is zero or a positive integer, compared to array waveguides with width m, where "m" is an integer not necessarily equal to "m'". The edge reflecting structures may also be stacks of such waveguides, where the regions between the edge waveguides are of a width substantially equal to (n'+1/2) half-wavelengths, compared to antiguide element widths of n half-wavelengths. The two integers n and n' may be, but are not necessarily, equal. Alternatively, the edge reflectors can be mirrors fabricated at the side edges of the array or by disordering the active region beyond the edgemost waveguides to form a refractive index step. The mirrors should be positioned a distance substantially a/2 from the edgemost emitters, where "a" is the array period.

摘要翻译： 在半导体激光器阵列结构中，其中高有效折射率波导区域之间的防护区域具有更大的增益，然后波导区域，引导在阵列侧面的结构，在边缘波导旁边，而不是阵列周期，反射横向透射辐射 回到阵列的中心。 与具有宽度m的阵列波导相比，边缘反射结构可以是宽度为（m'+ 1/2）半波长的波导区域，其中“m”为零或正整数，其中“m”为整数 不一定等于“m”。 边缘反射结构也可以是这样的波导的堆叠，其中边缘波导之间的区域的宽度基本上等于（n'+ 1/2）个半波长，与n个半波长的防卫元件宽度相比。 两个整数n和n'可以是但并不一定相等。 或者，边缘反射器可以是在阵列的侧边缘处制造的反射镜，或者通过使有源区域超出边缘波导的方式来形成折射率步骤。 镜子应该与edgemost发射器的距离基本上为1/2，其中“a”是阵列周期。