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公开(公告)号：US20110146566A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-23
申请号：US13037841
申请日：2011-03-01
IPC分类号： C30B11/02 , C30B35/00 , C01B33/021 , B22D27/02
CPC分类号： C30B11/007 , C30B29/06 , C30B29/20 , C30B29/42 , Y10S117/90 , Y10T117/10 , Y10T117/1004 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1016 , Y10T117/1024 , Y10T117/1028 , Y10T117/1072 , Y10T117/1092
摘要： To reduce the heat input to the bottom of the crucible and to control heat extraction independently of heat input, a shield can be raised between a heating element and a crucible at a controlled speed as the crystal grows. Other steps could include moving the crucible, but this process can avoid having to move the crucible. A temperature gradient is produced by shielding only a portion of the heating element; for example, the bottom portion of a cylindrical element can be shielded to cause heat transfer to be less in the bottom of the crucible than at the top, thereby causing a stabilizing temperature gradient in the crucible.
摘要翻译： 为了减少对坩埚底部的热量输入并且独立于热量输入来控制热量提取，当晶体生长时，可以以受控的速度在加热元件和坩埚之间升高屏蔽。 其他步骤可以包括移动坩埚，但这个过程可以避免不得不移动坩埚。 通过仅屏蔽加热元件的一部分来产生温度梯度; 例如，可以屏蔽圆柱形元件的底部以使得在坩埚底部的传热比在顶部更少，从而在坩埚中产生稳定的温度梯度。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110048316A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-03
申请号：US12873388
申请日：2010-09-01
IPC分类号： C30B11/02
CPC分类号： C30B11/003 , C30B11/00 , C30B11/02 , C30B15/00 , C30B17/00 , C30B29/20 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1024
摘要： A method for minimizing unwanted ancillary reactions in a vacuum furnace used to process a material, such as growing a crystal. The process is conducted in a furnace chamber environment in which helium is admitted to the furnace chamber at a flow rate to flush out impurities and at a predetermined pressure to achieve thermal stability in a heat zone, to minimize heat flow variations and to minimize temperature gradients in the heat zone. During cooldown helium pressure is used to reduce thermal gradients in order to increase cooldown rates.
摘要翻译： 用于最小化用于处理诸如生长晶体的材料的真空炉中的不需要的辅助反应的方法。 该过程在炉室环境中进行，其中氦气以流速进入炉室以冲洗出杂质并以预定压力达到热区域的热稳定性，以最小化热流变化并使温度梯度最小化 在热区。 在冷却时，氦气压力用于降低热梯度，以提高冷却速度。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for refining metallurgical grade silicon to produce solar grade silicon 有权用于精炼冶金级硅以生产太阳能级硅的方法和设备公开(公告)号：US08329133B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-11
申请号：US12607773
申请日：2009-10-28
申请人： Frederick Schmid , David B Joyce
发明人： Frederick Schmid , David B Joyce
IPC分类号： C01B33/02
CPC分类号： C01B33/037 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/06 , F27B14/04 , F27B17/0016
摘要： A method and apparatus for refining metallurgical silicon to produce solar grade silicon for use in photovoltaic cells. A crucible in a vacuum furnace receives a mixture of metallurgical silicon and a reducing agent such as calcium disilicide. The mix is melted in non-oxidizing conditions within the furnace under an argon partial pressure. After melting, the argon partial pressure is decreased to produce boiling and the process ends with directional solidification. The process reduces impurities, such as phosphorus, to a level compatible with solar-grade silicon and reduces other impurities significantly.
摘要翻译： 一种用于精炼冶金硅以生产用于光伏电池的太阳能级硅的方法和设备。 真空炉中的坩埚接收冶金硅和还原剂如二硅化钙的混合物。 混合物在氩气分压下在炉内的非氧化条件下熔化。 熔化后，氩分压降低，产生沸腾，过程以定向凝固结束。 该方法将诸如磷的杂质降低至与太阳能级硅相容的水平，并显着降低其他杂质。
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公开(公告)号：US07918936B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-05
申请号：US11875078
申请日：2007-10-19
IPC分类号： C30B29/04
CPC分类号： C30B11/007 , C30B29/06 , C30B29/20 , C30B29/42 , Y10S117/90 , Y10T117/10 , Y10T117/1004 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1016 , Y10T117/1024 , Y10T117/1028 , Y10T117/1072 , Y10T117/1092
摘要： To reduce the heat input to the bottom of the crucible and to control heat extraction independently of heat input, a shield can be raised between a heating element and a crucible at a controlled speed as the crystal grows. Other steps could include moving the crucible, but this process can avoid having to move the crucible. A temperature gradient is produced by shielding only a portion of the heating element; for example, the bottom portion of a cylindrical element can be shielded to cause heat transfer to be less in the bottom of the crucible than at the top, thereby causing a stabilizing temperature gradient in the crucible.
摘要翻译： 为了减少对坩埚底部的热量输入并且独立于热量输入来控制热量提取，当晶体生长时，可以以受控的速度在加热元件和坩埚之间升高屏蔽。 其他步骤可以包括移动坩埚，但这个过程可以避免不得不移动坩埚。 通过仅屏蔽加热元件的一部分来产生温度梯度; 例如，可以屏蔽圆柱形元件的底部以使得在坩埚底部的传热比在顶部更少，从而在坩埚中产生稳定的温度梯度。
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5.发明授权Keyboards incorporating keys pivotable against biased detent means to operate electrical switches 失效键盘包括可枢转抵靠偏压制动装置的键，以操作电气开关
公开(公告)号：US4472610A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-18
申请号：US477414
申请日：1983-03-21
申请人： Maurice D. Fuller , David B. Joyce
发明人： Maurice D. Fuller , David B. Joyce
IPC分类号： H01H13/70 , H01H13/785 , H01H13/807 , H01H21/22 , H01H9/20 , H01H23/02
CPC分类号： H01H13/807 , H01H13/70 , H01H13/785 , H01H21/22 , H01H2201/034 , H01H2207/002 , H01H2209/002 , H01H2215/00 , H01H2215/034 , H01H2219/012 , H01H2219/016 , H01H2219/018 , H01H2221/016 , H01H2221/05 , H01H2223/002 , H01H2223/03 , H01H2223/034 , H01H2225/01 , H01H2231/004 , H01H2231/026 , H01H2239/004 , H01H2239/024
摘要： A keyboard, particularly for control of electronics in vehicles, has at least one key mounted in a recess in the keyboard and pivotable about a pivot to press against a shaped portion of a rubber gasket to operate an electrical switch. A display, preferably a multiple character LCD, for labellingthe switch is visible through a transparent member and connected to a p.c.b. by zebra striped members. The display is not obscured by a finger operating the key. The key has a transverse bore in which a compression spring is mounted with balls at the end of the spring to co-operate with stepped generally cylindrical members mounted with their axes perpendicular to the pivot pin and forming detent means to give the key a tactile operation. Preferably the key operates three switches by way of three shaped portions.
摘要翻译： 特别是用于控制车辆中的电子装置的键盘具有安装在键盘的凹部中的至少一个键，并绕枢轴枢转以压靠橡胶垫圈的成形部分以操作电气开关。 通过透明构件可以看到用于贴合开关的显示器，优选是多字符LCD，并连接到p.c.b。 由斑马条纹成员。 显示器不会被操作键的手指遮住。 钥匙具有横向孔，其中压缩弹簧在弹簧的端部安装有球，以与安装成其垂直于枢轴销的轴线的阶梯状大致圆柱形构件配合，并且形成制动装置以给钥匙提供触觉操作 。 优选地，钥匙通过三个形状的部分操作三个开关。
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公开(公告)号：US06368403B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09512947
申请日：2000-02-25
IPC分类号： C30B1318
CPC分类号： E21B41/0042 , E21B23/002 , E21B23/03 , Y10T117/1016
摘要： An apparatus for purifying metallurgical grade silicon to produce solar grade silicon has a container for holding molten silicon and one or more torches for providing oxygen and hydrogen gas to heat the molten silicon so that the reaction time is prolonged, to create turbulence, and to introduce silica powder and water vapor for reactions with molten silicon. The molten silicon is then directionally solidified.
摘要翻译： 用于净化冶金级硅以制造太阳能级硅的装置具有用于保持熔融硅的容器和用于提供氧气和氢气的一个或多个焊枪以加热熔融硅，使得反应时间延长以产生湍流，并引入 二氧化硅粉末和水蒸汽，用于与熔融硅反应。 熔融硅然后定向凝固。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09546434B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-17
申请号：US12873388
申请日：2010-09-01
CPC分类号： C30B11/003 , C30B11/00 , C30B11/02 , C30B15/00 , C30B17/00 , C30B29/20 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1024
摘要： A method for minimizing unwanted ancillary reactions in a vacuum furnace used to process a material, such as growing a crystal. The process is conducted in a furnace chamber environment in which helium is admitted to the furnace chamber at a flow rate to flush out impurities and at a predetermined pressure to achieve thermal stability in a heat zone, to minimize heat flow variations and to minimize temperature gradients in the heat zone. During cooldown helium pressure is used to reduce thermal gradients in order to increase cooldown rates.
摘要翻译： 用于最小化用于处理诸如生长晶体的材料的真空炉中的不需要的辅助反应的方法。 该过程在炉室环境中进行，其中氦气以流速进入炉室以冲洗出杂质并以预定压力达到热区域的热稳定性，以最小化热流变化并使温度梯度最小化 在热区。 在冷却时，氦气压力用于降低热梯度，以提高冷却速度。
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公开(公告)号：US08177910B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-15
申请号：US13037841
申请日：2011-03-01
IPC分类号： C30B15/14
CPC分类号： C30B11/007 , C30B29/06 , C30B29/20 , C30B29/42 , Y10S117/90 , Y10T117/10 , Y10T117/1004 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1016 , Y10T117/1024 , Y10T117/1028 , Y10T117/1072 , Y10T117/1092
摘要： To reduce the heat input to the bottom of the crucible and to control heat extraction independently of heat input, a shield can be raised between a heating element and a crucible at a controlled speed as the crystal grows. Other steps could include moving the crucible, but this process can avoid having to move the crucible. A temperature gradient is produced by shielding only a portion of the heating element; for example, the bottom portion of a cylindrical element can be shielded to cause heat transfer to be less in the bottom of the crucible than at the top, thereby causing a stabilizing temperature gradient in the crucible.
摘要翻译： 为了减少对坩埚底部的热量输入并且独立于热量输入来控制热量提取，当晶体生长时，可以以受控的速度在加热元件和坩埚之间升高屏蔽。 其他步骤可以包括移动坩埚，但这个过程可以避免不得不移动坩埚。 通过仅屏蔽加热元件的一部分来产生温度梯度; 例如，可以屏蔽圆柱形元件的底部以使得在坩埚底部的传热比在顶部更少，从而在坩埚中产生稳定的温度梯度。
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9.发明申请Method and Apparatus for Refining Metallurgical Grade Silicon to Produce Solar Grade Silicon 有权精炼冶金级硅生产太阳能级硅的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20110217225A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-08
申请号：US12607773
申请日：2009-10-28
申请人： Frederick Schmid , David B. Joyce
发明人： Frederick Schmid , David B. Joyce
IPC分类号： C01B33/037 , B01J19/00
CPC分类号： C01B33/037 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/06 , F27B14/04 , F27B17/0016
摘要： A method and apparatus for refining metallurgical silicon to produce solar grade silicon for use in photovoltaic cells. A crucible in a vacuum furnace receives a mixture of metallurgical silicon and a reducing agent such as calcium disilicide. The mix is melted in non-oxidizing conditions within the furnace under an argon partial pressure. After melting, the argon partial pressure is decreased to produce boiling and the process ends with directional solidification. The process reduces impurities, such as phosphorus, to a level compatible with solar-grade silicon and reduces other impurities significantly.
摘要翻译： 一种用于精炼冶金硅以生产用于光伏电池的太阳能级硅的方法和设备。 真空炉中的坩埚接收冶金硅和还原剂如二硅化钙的混合物。 混合物在氩气分压下在炉内的非氧化条件下熔化。 熔化后，氩分压降低，产生沸腾，过程以定向凝固结束。 该方法将诸如磷的杂质降低至与太阳能级硅相容的水平，并显着降低其他杂质。
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公开(公告)号：US07344596B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-18
申请号：US11212027
申请日：2005-08-25
CPC分类号： C30B11/007 , C30B29/06 , C30B29/20 , C30B29/42 , Y10S117/90 , Y10T117/10 , Y10T117/1004 , Y10T117/1008 , Y10T117/1016 , Y10T117/1024 , Y10T117/1028 , Y10T117/1072 , Y10T117/1092
摘要： To reduce the heat input to the bottom of the crucible and to control heat extraction independently of heat input, a shield can be raised between a heating element and a crucible at a controlled speed as the crystal grows. Other steps could include moving the crucible, but this process can avoid having to move the crucible. A temperature gradient is produced by shielding only a portion of the heating element; for example, the bottom portion of a cylindrical element can be shielded to cause heat transfer to be less in the bottom of the crucible than at the top, thereby causing a stabilizing temperature gradient in the crucible.
摘要翻译： 为了减少对坩埚底部的热量输入并且独立于热量输入来控制热量提取，当晶体生长时，可以以受控的速度在加热元件和坩埚之间升高屏蔽。 其他步骤可以包括移动坩埚，但这个过程可以避免不得不移动坩埚。 通过仅屏蔽加热元件的一部分来产生温度梯度; 例如，可以屏蔽圆柱形元件的底部以使得在坩埚底部的传热比在顶部更少，从而在坩埚中产生稳定的温度梯度。
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