Abstract:
A device includes a semiconductor substrate, a contact plug over the semiconductor substrate, and an Inter-Layer Dielectric (ILD) layer over the semiconductor substrate, with the contact plug being disposed in the ILD. An air gap is sealed by a portion of the ILD and the semiconductor substrate. The air gap forms a full air gap ring encircling a portion of the semiconductor substrate.
Abstract:
A device includes a semiconductor substrate, a contact plug over the semiconductor substrate, and an Inter-Layer Dielectric (ILD) layer over the semiconductor substrate, with the contact plug being disposed in the ILD. An air gap is sealed by a portion of the ILD and the semiconductor substrate. The air gap forms a full air gap ring encircling a portion of the semiconductor substrate.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention include helical, ring bar and tunnel ladder slow wave structures (SWSs). Embodiments of methods of micro-fabricating such SWSs are also disclosed. Embodiments of high frequency electromagnetic devices including such SWSs are also disclosed. Exemplary high frequency electromagnetic devices may include a traveling wave tube, a traveling wave tube amplifier, a back wave oscillator, as part of a linear accelerator, a microwave power module, a klystron or a millimeter-wave power module.
Abstract:
Methods of detecting a microorganism in an aqueous solution or suspension, where the aqueous solution or suspension does not comprise precultured microorganisms, are provided. The methods utilize microspheres coated with antibodies or antibody fragments, and assessment of agglutination. Methods of detecting at least one of n microorganism species in an aqueous solution or suspension are also provided. The methods utilize antibody coated microspheres coated with n distinct antibodies or antibody fragments and assessment of agglutination.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention include helical, ring bar and tunnel ladder slow wave structures (SWSs). Embodiments of methods of micro-fabricating such SWSs are also disclosed. Embodiments of high frequency electromagnetic devices including such SWSs are also disclosed. Exemplary high frequency electromagnetic devices may include a traveling wave tube, a traveling wave tube amplifier, a back wave oscillator, as part of a linear accelerator, a microwave power module, a klystron or a millimeter-wave power module.
Abstract:
A device for ameliorating RF radiation received from cellular telephones and the like is disclosed. The device includes at least one spacing member attachable to the cellular telephone so as to maintain the telephone a minimum desired distance from the user while the telephone is in use. The spacer will generally be made of an elastomeric and/or energy absorbing material, so as to be comfortable and minimize the specific energy absorption rate of RF radiation by the user.