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公开(公告)号：US4325693A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-20
申请号：US40435
申请日：1979-05-18
IPC分类号： C03B5/235 , C21D1/44 , C23C2/00 , C23D1/00 , C23D5/00 , F27B14/00 , F27B14/08 , F27B14/14 , F27D3/16 , F27B3/00 , F26B3/00
CPC分类号： C23C2/003 , C03B5/2356 , F27B14/14 , F27B2014/0887 , F27D3/16
摘要： A device for heating open melting baths, especially galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metal baths, and glass baths, and the like, in tubs, or vats or tanks, wherein an inert gas is circulated through components of the open baths which are closed toward the gas side which are in the form of shafts, and through a heater, whereby the gas is introduced into the fluid of the bath into vertical shafts, arranged on each longitudinal and/or end side of the tub, or vat or tank, the gas then bubbling through the fluid and being withdrawn through a withdrawal channel positioned above the shafts. There is provided at least one ceramic partition extending into the fluid, which partition forms at least part of the vertical shafts, and having at least one bore or a slot the upper end of which is in communication with the gas inlet conduit and the lower end of which opens into a pertaining vertical shaft or has provisions for directing the gas into the shaft.
摘要翻译： 一种用于加热开放式熔池，尤其是镀锌浴，搪瓷浴，铅浴，金属浴和玻璃浴等的装置，在浴缸或大桶或罐中，其中惰性气体通过开放浴的组分循环 其朝向气体侧封闭，其为轴的形式，并且通过加热器，由此将气体引入浴槽的流体中，竖直的轴设置在浴缸的每个纵向和/或端部侧面，或者大桶 或罐，气体然后冒泡通过流体并且通过位于轴上方的取出通道被抽出。 设置有至少一个延伸到流体中的陶瓷隔板，该隔板形成至少一部分垂直轴，并具有至少一个孔或槽，其上端与气体入口导管连通，下端 其中通入相关的垂直轴或具有用于将气体引导到轴中的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4309196A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US216251
申请日：1980-12-15
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/86 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Apparatus for purification of synthesis gas produced by coal gasification is provided with a vertical gas distribution chamber which is internally pressurized and within which the synthesis gas leaving the reactor is cooled. The chamber is formed with a gas take-off line which opens into the gas distribution chamber and extends therefrom at an angle, the gas take-off line leading to a serially connected waste heat boiler. A coolant bath is contained in a lower portion of the gas distribution chamber and a heat exchanger is formed in this lower portion by tube coils which are arranged in the wall of the distribution chamber defining the lower portion.
摘要翻译： 用于净化由煤气化产生的合成气的装置设置有内部加压的垂直气体分配室，并且其中离开反应器的合成气被冷却。 该室形成有气体输出管线，该气体输出管线通向气体分配室，并以一定角度从该气体分配室中延伸，气体输出管线通向串联连接的废热锅炉。 冷却剂浴被容纳在气体分配室的下部，并且在该下部通过设置在限定下部的分配室的壁中的管状线圈形成热交换器。
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3.发明授权Device for heating open melting baths, such as galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metallic baths, glass baths, and the like 失效用于加热开放熔融浴的装置，例如镀锌浴，搪瓷浴，铅涂层浴，金属浴，玻璃浴等
公开(公告)号：US4207065A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US31167
申请日：1979-04-18
IPC分类号： C03B5/00 , C03B5/235 , C21D1/44 , C23C2/00 , C23D5/00 , C23D5/04 , F24J3/00 , F27B14/14 , F27D7/02 , F27B3/00 , F26B3/00
CPC分类号： F27D7/02 , C03B5/2356 , F27B14/143
摘要： A device for heating open melting baths, especially galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metal baths, and glass baths, and the like, in tubs, or vats or tanks, wherein an inert gas is circulated through components of the open bath which are closed toward the gas side, and through a heater, whereby the tub, or vat or tank includes at each longitudinal and/or end wall a plurality of conduit means, such as pipes, for introduction of the gas into the bath and whereby the gas is withdrawn above the conduit means through a draft flue at the edge of the tub, or vat or tank, which draft flue includes a vertical partition immersed in the bath. The device includes means for communicating a warm gas receiving means with the container for the melting bath which communicating means includes at least one ceramic block including passage means for communicating the warm gas receiving means with the container.
摘要翻译： 一种用于加热开放熔融浴，特别是镀锌浴，搪瓷浴，铅涂层浴，金属浴和玻璃浴等的装置，在浴缸或大桶或罐中，其中惰性气体通过开浴的组分循环 它们朝向气体侧封闭，并且通过加热器，其中桶或槽或罐在每个纵向和/或端壁处包括多个用于将气体引入浴中的管道装置，例如管道，并且由此 气体在管道装置上方通过在桶或大桶或罐的边缘处的通风道排出，该通风道包括浸在浴中的垂直隔板。 该装置包括用于将暖气接收装置与用于熔融槽的容器连通的装置，该连通装置包括至少一个陶瓷块，该陶瓷块包括用于将暖气接收装置与容器连通的通道装置。
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4.发明授权Device for removing heavy metals and slags from synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes 失效从炼油厂生产的合成气中除去重金属和炉渣的装置
公开(公告)号：US5458859A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US210215
申请日：1994-03-18
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
CPC分类号： C10K1/04 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/101 , C10J2300/1884 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A device for removing heavy metals and slags from synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes includes a gas deflecting device (3, 4), in which the hot synthesis gas, flowing vertically in the downward direction, is deflected into the horizontal direction and enters a known waste heat cooler (2). The gas deflecting device is arranged under a prior-art synthesis gas reactor (1). A ceramic deflecting wall (5), around the lower end of which the synthesis gas is guided, is built in within the deflecting device (3, 4). Since synthesis gas produced from refinery wastes contains a relatively high percentage of heavy metals and slags, there is a risk that these particles will contaminate the [heat] exchanger walls of the subsequent waste heat cooler (2). The heavy metals and slags are separated frown the gas flow in the deflecting device (3, 4). The heavy metal and slag particles present in the liquid form within the hot gas follow a downward path due to their higher specific gravity compared with that of the gas and enter a water quencher (7) arranged under the deflecting device (3, 4), in which they granulate. The synthesis gas, freed from heavy metals and slags, enters the downstream waste heat cooler (2).
摘要翻译： 用于从炼油厂废物产生的合成气中除去重金属和炉渣的装置包括气体偏转装置（3,4），其中沿向下方向垂直流动的热合成气体被偏转到水平方向并进入已知的 废热冷却器（2）。 气体偏转装置设置在现有技术的合成气反应器（1）的下方。 位于偏转装置（3,4）内部的陶瓷偏转壁（5）围绕其下端引导合成气。 由于由炼油厂废物产生的合成气含有较高百分比的重金属和炉渣，因此存在这些颗粒将污染随后的废热冷却器（2）的[热交换器壁]的风险。 重金属和矿渣在偏转装置（3,4）中分离出气流。 在气体中以液体形式存在的重金属和矿渣颗粒由于与气体相比具有更高的比重而跟随着向下的路径，并进入设置在偏转装置（3,4）下方的水淬火器（7） 他们在其中造粒。 从重金属和炉渣中除去的合成气进入下游废热机（2）。
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公开(公告)号：US4913064A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US305279
申请日：1989-02-01
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
CPC分类号： F23M5/00 , F23G5/0273 , F23G5/48
摘要： This invention relates to a plant and arrangement and method for the low temperature carbonization of waste material with low-temperature carbonization device and a secondary incineration chamber. The heating system of the low-temperature carbonization device is substantially corrosion-free and gases hazardous to the environment are transformed into gases with a lower level of hazardous matter in a simple manner by directing the heating gas of the low-temperature carbonization device into a closed loop cycle through a low temperature carbonization device and into a heat exchanger of a secondary incineration device. The heat exchanger is equipped with a lining which insures a temperature of the burner gases in the heat exchanger of 1200.degree. C. or more for a period of dwell of 1 to 5 sec.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于低温碳化装置和二次焚烧室的废料低温碳化的设备及其设备和方法。 低温碳化装置的加热系统基本上是无腐蚀性的，对环境有危害的气体通过将低温碳化装置的加热气体引入到低温碳化装置中而以较简单的方式转化为具有较低危险物质含量的气体 闭环循环通过低温碳化装置进入二次焚烧装置的热交换器。 热交换器配备有衬里，其将热交换器中的燃烧器气体的温度确保在1200℃以上，停留1至5秒的时间。
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6.发明授权Apparatus for extracting granular or finely divided solid materials from a gas under pressure 失效用于在压力下从气体中提取颗粒状或精细分散的固体材料的装置
公开(公告)号：US4278451A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-14
申请号：US54804
申请日：1979-07-05
CPC分类号： B01D47/02 , B01D47/021 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A method of and apparatus for extracting granular or finely divided or powdered solid materials from a gas under high pressure, particularly slag from synthesized gas generated in connection with the gasification of coal. The invention is carried out by using a U-shaped receptacle containing a molten medium which seals off the gas chamber from the atmosphere and has a higher specific gravity than said solid materials. The solid materials are pushed below the surface of the molten medium and, by means of lateral movement, are floated up to the atmosphere, where they are contained. The U-shaped receptacle has a first tank-like arm and a second tubular arm, with a connecting conduit joining the two. This connecting conduit is inclined upwardly towards the second arm. The first arm, which is acted upon by gas pressure, contains lowering means for lowering the solid materials to the level of the connecting conduit.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从高压气体中提取颗粒状或细分散或粉末状固体材料的方法和装置，特别是与煤气化相关产生的合成气体的渣。 本发明通过使用含有熔融介质的U形容器来实现，所述熔融介质将气室与大气密封并具有比所述固体材料更高的比重。 固体材料被推到熔融介质的表面下方，并且通过横向运动被浮动到大气中，在那里它们被包含。 U形容器具有第一罐状臂和第二管状臂，连接导管连接两者。 该连接导管朝向第二臂向上倾斜。 由气体压力作用的第一臂包含用于将固体材料降低到连接导管的水平面的降低装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5099916A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US651281
申请日：1991-02-05
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
CPC分类号： C10J3/76 , C10K1/04 , F22B1/1884 , F28D7/024 , F28F13/08 , C10J2300/093 , F28D2021/0075 , Y10S165/414
摘要： A cooler for particle-laden gases in a coal-gasification plant, with an upright nest of hot-gas tubes that coil around the cooler's longitudinal axis inside its jacket and with a pipe for supplying a coolant inside the nest of tubes. The cooler has a ceramic-lined or liquid-cooled distributing head (1) with a central gas intake (2) at the top and with several diffusor-like gas outlets (3) at the bottom that open into the nest (4) of tubes and several gas outlets (5) below the nest. The hot-gas tubes are suspended from the coolant-supply pipe (v) on claws (7). The pipe has at least one intake (8) for the descending coolant and rests on a support (9) on the base (11) of the cooler or on supports (10) against the inner surface of the cooler. The mixture of steam and water ascending among the tubes is extracted through at least one outlet (14) on the jacket (12) of the cooler.
摘要翻译： 用于煤气化装置中的含颗粒气体的冷却器，其具有热气管的直立嵌套，其围绕冷却器的纵向轴线卷绕在其套管内，并具有用于在管嵌套内供应冷却剂的管道。 冷却器具有陶瓷衬里或液体冷却的分配头（1），其顶部具有中心气体入口（2），并且在底部具有几个扩散器状气体出口（3），所述多个扩散器状气体出口（3）打开到巢 管子和几个气体出口（5）在巢下方。 热气管从爪（7）上的冷却剂供应管（v）悬挂。 管道具有用于下降冷却剂的至少一个进气口（8），并且搁置在冷却器的基部（11）上的支撑件（9）上或支撑件（10）上抵靠冷却器的内表面。 通过冷却器的护套（12）上的至少一个出口（14）提取在管中上升的蒸汽和水的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4743432A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US787654
申请日：1985-10-16
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
IPC分类号： C07C29/15 , B01J8/04 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/24 , C07B61/00 , C07C27/00 , C07C29/152 , C07C31/04 , C07C67/00 , B01J8/02
CPC分类号： B01J8/0453 , C07C29/152 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2219/185
摘要： An upright reactor for the generation of methanol comprises a cylindrical housing closed by a removable hood, where several catalyst beds, arranged one over the other and each carried by a detachable gas-permeable bottom or net, are surrounded by a cylindrical jacket of finned tubes into which open the ends of the exchanger tubes traversing the catalyst bed. According to the invention, horizontal gas-impermeable partitions are arranged below the gas-permeable bottoms or nets of the second lowest and of the next highest catalyst beds at the level of inflow or outflow openings for the gas.
摘要翻译： 用于产生甲醇的直立反应器包括由可移除罩封闭的圆柱形壳体，其中几个催化剂床彼此排列并且由可分离的透气性底部或网状物承载，由翅片管的圆柱形套管围绕 打开穿过催化剂床的交换器管的端部。 根据本发明，在气体的流入或流出开口的水平处，水平气体不可渗透隔板布置在第二低和下一个最高催化剂床的透气性底部或网之下。
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9.发明授权Catalytic reactor for the production of methanol, ammonia, synthesis gas and higher alcohols 失效用于生产甲醇，氨，合成气和高级醇的催化反应器
公开(公告)号：US4734264A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-29
申请号：US913112
申请日：1986-09-29
CPC分类号： C07C29/152 , B01J8/0285 , C01B3/384 , C01C1/0417 , B01J2208/00132 , C01B2203/0833 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A vertical reactor for catalytic exothermic and endothermic reactions, especially for the production of methanol, ammonia, synthesis gas and higher alcohols, with a jacket containing the catalyst bed and exchanger pipes which form a tube bundle running through the jacket parallel to its longitudinal axis, with a gas-permeable floor supporting the catalyst bed, as well as feed and discharge pipes for the cooling or heating medium running through the jacket lid and the jacket floor, said feed and discharge pipes, as well as feed and discharge pipes for the reaction gas, leading into horizontal distributing and collecting pipes wherein the upper and lower ends of the upright or essentially upright exchanger pipes of the tube bundle lead into horizontal supporting headers which are parallel to each other and arranged below and above the collecting and distributing pipes. The supporting headers are connected through intermediate ducts with the collecting or distributing pipes, which are arranged symmetrical to, or in the transverse center of, the support headers.
摘要翻译： 用于催化放热和吸热反应的垂直反应器，特别是用于生产甲醇，氨，合成气和高级醇的反应器，其中包含催化剂床和交换管，其形成平行于其纵向轴线穿过护套的管束， 具有支撑催化剂床的透气底板，以及用于冷却或加热介质的进料和排出管，该冷却或加热介质穿过护套盖和护套底板，所述进料和排出管以及用于反应的进料和排出管 气体，导入水平分配和收集管，其中管束的直立或基本直立的交换器管的上端和下端引导到彼此平行并布置在收集和分配管下方和上方的水平支撑集管中。 支撑集管通过中间管道与收集或分配管连接，集管或分配管与支撑集管对称或位于横向中心。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4909162A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US242371
申请日：1988-09-09
申请人： Frohmut Vollhardt
发明人： Frohmut Vollhardt
CPC分类号： C10B53/00 , F23G5/0273 , Y02P20/129
摘要： An installation for the low temperature carbonization of waste under the exclusion of air with a low temperature carbonization cylinder, in particular device for after-burning of residual materials for the low-temperature carbonization installation, has an improved energy balance by carrying out a low-temperature carbonization so as to increase the ratio of internal energy requirement to energy release in favor of energy release. The carbon containing residual materials from the low-temperature carbonization cylinder are exposed to a complete after-burning on an inclined step grate and also a subsequent after-burning in a chamber. The burning gases for the burning devices of the step-grate are low temperature carbonization gasses obtained from the low-temperature carbonization installation. Gases from a waste heat boiler arranged after the after-burn chamber are utilized as heating gases for a low-temperature carbonization installation cylinder. After-burning of the residual material follows a low-temperature carbonization installation for low-temperature carbonization of waste and impure materials.
摘要翻译： 用于低温碳化气瓶排除空气的废物的低温碳化装置，特别是用于低温碳化装置的残留材料的后燃烧的装置，通过进行低温碳化装置的低温碳化， 温度碳化，以增加内部能量需求与能量释放的比例，有利于能量释放。 来自低温碳化气瓶的含碳残留材料在倾斜的炉篦上暴露于完全的后燃烧，并且随后在室中进行后续燃烧。 用于炉篦燃烧装置的燃烧气体是由低温碳化装置获得的低温碳化气体。 排放在后燃烧室之后的废热锅炉的气体用作低温碳化安装筒的加热气体。 残余材料的后燃烧遵循低温碳化装置，用于废物和不纯物质的低温碳化。
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