摘要:
A detecting unit is provided, including a transmitter arranged to emit electromagnetic radiation, having a frequency in the range of 0.1 to 10 THz, towards a paper web moving in a printing unit; a receiver arranged to receive electromagnetic radiation being transmitted through or reflected by the paper web and to create a signal representing the received radiation; and a controller having an input channel for receiving the signal and a calculating unit for determining a measure relating to the properties of the paper web from the signal.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of producing a movable lens structure that comprises the steps of: forming a lens from a lens material disposed on a carrier of another material (step 58), and forming a micromechanical structure from the carrier (step 60), wherein the forming of the lens takes place before the forming of the micromechanical structure. With this method a simplified production method is obtained that simplifies difficult compatibility requirements between micromechanics and lens that can otherwise be hard to meet.
摘要:
The present invention is related to sensor arrangements and particularly to sensor arrangements for symmetric response in a x-, y- and z-coordinate system. The arrangement comprises four gyroscopes with one axis arranged into different directions of sensitivity.
摘要:
A gyroscope that may include various sources of error, with those sources of error each being dependent upon a different parameter, is associated with a simulation or “model” of the gyroscope which is typically a computer simulation. The computer simulation is provided with errors which can be adjusted to be identical with the errors present in the real gyroscope. An arrangement is provided to adjust the errors in the model of the gyroscope to be identical with the errors in the real gyroscope, that arrangement including Kalman filters which receive signals generated by subtracting the outputs of the real gyroscope and the model gyroscope, while simultaneously varying the various inputs to the real gyroscope. The Kalman filters also generate a signal which is an estimate of the angular rotation being sensed by the real gyroscope. When the model of the gyroscope is running in perfect synchronism with the real gyroscope, it can be assumed that all of the errors in the real gyroscope are replicated in the model gyroscope, and the estimate of angular rotation being supplied to the model gyroscope is actually equal to the real angular rotation being sensed by the real gyroscope.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for of assessing the blood concentration level in a human or animal subject, of a volatile blood constituent (preferably alcohol) is disclosed. The method comprises steps of positioning a sensor (21, 22) within the expiratory gas flow of the subject, wherein the sensor (21, 22) is configured to detect the presence of the constituent and provide a first output signal representative of the concentration of said constituent in air, and also to detect a presence of carbon dioxide and to provide a second output signal representative of the concentration of carbon dioxide in air. The flow of expiratory gases from the subject is sampled to provide a first signal and second signal in respect of the expiratory gases substantially simultaneously. The method also comprises the step of inputting said first and second signals obtained by the sampling step into an algorithm configured to compare the variation of the first signal over time with the variation of the second signal over time and, depending on the result of the comparison, to make said second signal representative of the degree of dilution of said expiratory airflow. The invention further includes an apparatus for carrying out the method.
摘要:
In a sensor for measuring angular velocity a body is formed from a planer substrate The body defines a beam, the opposed ends of which are adapted to be fixed in position, the beam having a preferential bending direction which makes an acute angle with the plane of the planar substrate. The beam carries an inertia mass comprising two arms interconnected by a connecting bar, the central part of the connecting bar being formed integrally with part of the beam. Capacitative plates located adjacent a conductive layer on the arms are provided with potentials which cause the inertia mass to rotate about the axis of the connecting bar with a “see-saw” action which, because of the configuration of the beam leads to a rotational oscillation of the inertia mass in the plane of the substrate. If the arrangement is rotated about an axis coincident with the connecting bar, the inertia mass rotates about an axis coincident with the beam with an oscillating rotation. This is detected by capacitative plates to determine angular velocity.
摘要:
A semiconductor device for measuring force components, acceleration, and/or angular rate, formed from a single crystal (monocrystalline semiconductor substrate) comprises at least one cantilever beam inclined to the main surface of the monocrystalline material of the monocrystalline semiconductor substrate. At least one interial mass may be coupled to a corresponding at least one cantilever beam and be integrally formed from the monocrystalline semiconductor substrate. The angle of the cantilever beam to the main surface of the monocrystalline material of the monocrystalline semiconductor substrate is achieved through etching of the monocrystalline semiconductor substrate and is defined by the inclination of crystal planes constituting the beam. The bending of the inclined cantilever beam principally occurs in a direction toward the beam.
摘要:
The present invention is related to sensor arrangements and particularly to sensor arrangements for symmetric response in a x-, y- and z-coordinate system. The arrangement comprises four gyroscopes with one axis arranged into different directions of sensitivity.
摘要:
Device for the labeling of clothes including a label printer (1) and a fastening station (12), and a device for the transfer of the labels and holding these in position for fixing that includes a guide or slide plane next to which the printer is arranged so that the labels are ejected along the guide or plane. The guide is slightly curved in the label feed out direction. An endless belt is arranged above the guide in the label feed direction so that it can press the labels against the guide bringing the labels along to the fastening station (12). The label guide has essentially the same width as the labels and U-shaped upfolded and infolded edges for the guiding the labels.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method of bonding a first member (110, 210, 130, 230, 410, 430, 510, 530, 610) to a second silicon member (120, 220, 420a, 420b, 600) through anodic bonding. The method comprises the steps of selectively depositing on said first member bondable sections (170a, 170b, 270, 470a, 470b, 470c, 570, 620) before bringing said first and second members together for anodic bonding.