公开(公告)号：US4752303A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-21

申请号：US51185

申请日：1987-05-12

Applicant: Winfried Materne ,  Bernard Schleper ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Heinrich Scheve

Inventor： Winfried Materne ,  Bernard Schleper ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Heinrich Scheve

IPC: C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/46

CPC classification number: C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/0933 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of carbon-containing particles suspended in water with oxygen at elevated pressures and temperatures of 1000.degree. to 1600.degree. C. Three substance streams are added separately but simultaneously to the reactor. The inner substance stream consists of oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and synthesis gas. The middle substance stream forms a carbon-water suspension, and the outer substance stream carries oxygen or oxygen-containing gases. Due to the fact that these three substance streams intersect at an acute angle, an ideal distribution of the suspension with the gas streams is achieved and an optimum reaction course is ensured. In order to be able to compensate requirement fluctuations during continuous operation, the outlet opening for the carbon-water suspension and the outer gas stream can be correspondingly adapted in a continuous and independent manner.

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了通过在升高的压力和1000℃至1600℃的温度下用氧气悬浮在水中的含碳颗粒的部分氧化来生产合成气的方法。三个物流被分别加入但同时加入到反应器中。 内部物质流由氧或氧气和合成气的混合物组成。 中间物流形成碳 - 水悬浮液，外物流携带氧或含氧气体。 由于这三种物质流以锐角相交，实现了悬浮液与气流的理想分布，并且确保了最佳的反应过程。 为了能够补偿连续运行期间的要求波动，可以以连续和独立的方式相应地适应碳水悬浮液和外部气体流的出口。

公开(公告)号：US4699773A

公开(公告)日：1987-10-13

申请号：US687116

申请日：1984-12-28

Applicant: Klaus Ulrichs ,  Joseph Hibbel ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Burchard Schulze-Frenking ,  Wolfgang Hofs ,  Jurgen Nottebohm

Inventor： Klaus Ulrichs ,  Joseph Hibbel ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Burchard Schulze-Frenking ,  Wolfgang Hofs ,  Jurgen Nottebohm

IPC: C01C1/18 ,  C06B1/04

CPC classification number: C01C1/185

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ammonium nitrate by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia in two stages at elevated temperature, in which the first stage is carried out at elevated pressure and the second stage is carried out at atmospheric pressure. The heat of neutralization released in the first stage is used to vaporize a portion of the reactor contents, the remaining heat of reaction being utilized to produce steam. The vapor leaving the first stage develops a pressure which controls the valve regulating the amount of heat recovered by steam generation. The valve is opened when the pressure of the vapor exceeds a set value, usually in the range of 3.4 to 4.8 bars. Decomposition products of ammonium nitrate are also measured and override the pressure regulated control of the proporiton of heat recovered by steam generation, so as to maintain ammonium nitrate decomposition within acceptable limits. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 通过硝酸与氨在升高的温度下两步反应制备硝酸铵的方法，其中第一阶段在高压下进行，第二阶段在大气压下进行。 第一阶段中释放的中和热用于蒸发反应器内容物的一部分，剩余的反应热用于产生蒸汽。 离开第一阶段的蒸汽产生一个压力，该压力控制阀调节通过蒸汽产生回收的热量。 当蒸汽的压力超过设定值时，阀门打开，通常在3.4至4.8巴的范围内。 还测量硝酸铵的分解产物，并且超越通过蒸汽产生回收的热量的调节的压力调节控制，以便将硝酸铵分解维持在可接受的限度内。 还公开了一种用于执行该过程的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4372253A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-08

申请号：US193698

申请日：1980-10-03

Applicant: Josef Hibbel ,  Bernard Schleper ,  Heinrich Scheve

Inventor： Josef Hibbel ,  Bernard Schleper ,  Heinrich Scheve

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  B01D47/00 ,  C10J3/86 ,  F22B1/18 ,  F22B21/06 ,  F22B37/48 ,  F23J3/04 ,  F28D7/00 ,  F28G1/16 ,  F22D1/04 ,  B01D47/02

CPC classification number: C10J3/845 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10K1/101 ,  F22B1/1846 ,  F22B21/065 ,  F28D7/0041 ,  F28G1/16 ,  F28D2021/0075 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: An improvement in a radiation boiler for cooling a gas stream containing solid and molten particles wherein gas is introduced vertically via a gas feed at the top of a radiation boiler having a cooled gas outlet and a water bath disposed at the bottom thereof for removing the particles after they have been solidified and cooled. Between the gas feed and the water bath are disposed at least two concentrically arranged cylindrical tubular heat exchange elements vertically disposed in the boiler and forming at least one annular passage therebetween. The passage through the innermost heat exchange element is in fluid flow registry and fluid flow communication with the gas feed. A conical deflector has the axis thereof coincident with that of the innermost heat exchange element and thereby in registry with the flow of gas passing through the passage through the innermost heat exchange element and is disposed toward the bottom of the radiation boiler above the water bath but at least partially below the lower end of the innermost heat exchange element, whereby gas which strikes the conical surface of the conical deflector is deflected and passes through the at least one annular passage and in the passage of the innermost heat exchange element.

Abstract translation: 用于冷却含有固体和熔融颗粒的气流的辐射锅炉的改进，其中气体通过在具有冷却气体出口的辐射锅炉的顶部的气体进料垂直地引入，并且设置在其底部的水浴用于除去颗粒 在它们被固化和冷却之后。 在气体供给和水浴之间设置有垂直设置在锅炉中的至少两个同心布置的圆柱形管状热交换元件，并在其间形成至少一个环形通道。 通过最内部的热交换元件的通道处于流体流动注册并且与气体进料的流体流动连通。 锥形偏转器的轴线与最内部的热交换元件的轴线重合，从而与通过最内部的热交换元件的通道的气流对齐，并且朝向水浴上方的辐射锅炉的底部设置，但是 至少部分地位于最内部热交换元件的下端之下，由此撞击锥形偏转器的锥形表面的气体被偏转并且穿过至少一个环形通道并在最内部的热交换元件的通道中。

公开(公告)号：US4541840A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-17

申请号：US521468

申请日：1983-08-08

Applicant: Josef Hibbel ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Erwin Zerres

Inventor： Josef Hibbel ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Erwin Zerres

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for the discharge of residues of ash-containing fuels occurring during gasification of coal. The hot mixture of residues and water is separated in a separating chamber, whereby the residues enter a lock vessel situated under the separating chamber. The hot water is recycled to the water bath situated under the gasification reactor. After the lock vessel has been filled with residue, the hot water in the separating chamber is cooled or replaced by cold water. The discharge of the residues is pressureless and is effected by a stream of water flowing through the separating chamber into the lock vessel. Separating chamber and lock vessel remain filled with water at all times.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于排放在煤气化过程中发生的含灰分燃料残留物的方法和装置。 残留物和水的热混合物在分离室中分离，由此残留物进入位于分离室下方的锁定容器。 将热水循环到位于气化反应器下方的水浴中。 在锁存容器填充残留物之后，分离室中的热水被冷水或用冷水代替。 残留物的排放是无压力的，并且通过流过分离室的水流进入锁定容器来实现。 分离室和锁定容器始终保持充满水。

公开(公告)号：US4425139A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-10

申请号：US280029

申请日：1981-07-02

Applicant: Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

Inventor： Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: An improvement in a process for periodically sluicing residues which are produced when gasifying ash-containing fuels with oxygen or an oxygen-containing composition under a pressure of 10 to 200 bars wherein ash is granulated in a water bath connected to a gasification chamber, suspended in water and passed into a non-pressurized collecting vessel provided with a conveyor is described. The improvement comprises:a. discharging the residue from said water bath which is maintained in fluid communication with said gasification chamber via a lock vessel, said lock vessel being connected to a surge tank which contains water so that the lock vessel remains constantly filled with water;b. equalizing the pressure between said lock vessel and said gasification chamber including said water bath by opening a connection to a process water feed line for said water bath and admitting water therein;c. depressurizing said lock vessel and removing liberated gases (previously dissolved in the water) and steam therefrom by opening a connection between said lock vessel and said surge tank;d. discharging suspended and granulated residues from said lock vessel into a collecting vessel by flushing said lock vessel with an adjustable amount of water flowing from said surge tank; ande. adjusting the water level in the collection vessel during the time the lock vessel is open so that the water level is sufficiently high such that no gas penetrates the lock vessel from the outside and the water level in the lock vessel does not sink.

Abstract translation: 在10至200巴的压力下使氧气或含氧组合物气化含灰分燃料时产生的周期性洗涤残留物的方法的改进，其中灰分在连接到气化室的水浴中制粒，悬浮在 描述了进入设有输送机的非加压收集容器的水。 改进包括：a。 从所述水浴排出残留物，所述水浴通过锁定容器与所述气化室保持流体连通，所述锁定容器连接到包含水的缓冲罐，使得所述锁定容器保持恒定地充满水; b。 通过打开与所述水浴的工艺用水供给管线的连接并允许其中的水来平衡所述锁定容器和包括所述水浴的所述气化室之间的压力; C。 通过打开所述锁定容器和所述缓冲罐之间的连接来减压所述锁定容器并除去已释放的气体（预先溶解在水中）和蒸汽; d。 通过从所述缓冲罐流出的可调节量的水冲洗所述锁定容器，将悬浮和造粒的残余物从所述锁定容器排放到收集容器中; 和e。 在锁船打开期间调整收集容器中的水位，使得水位足够高，使得没有气体从外部渗入锁定容器并且锁定容器中的水位不下沉。

公开(公告)号：US4381924A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-03

申请号：US245778

申请日：1981-03-20

Applicant: Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

Inventor： Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/52 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: An improvement in a process for periodically sluicing residues which are produced when gasifying ash-containing fuels with oxygen or an oxygen-containing composition under a pressure of 10 to 200 bars wherein ash is granulated in a water bath connected to a gasification chamber, suspended in water and passed into a non-pressurized collecting vessel provided with a conveyor is described. The improvement comprises:a. discharging the residue from said water bath which is maintained in fluid communication with said gasification chamber via a lock vessel, said lock vessel being connected to a surge tank which contains water so that the lock vessel remains constantly filled with water;b. equalizing the pressure between said lock vessel and said gasification chamber including said water bath by opening a connection to a process water feed line for said water bath and admitting water therein;c. depressurizing said lock vessel and removing liberated gases (previously dissolved in the water) and steam therefrom by opening a connection between said lock vessel and said surge tank;d. discharging suspended and granulated residues from said lock vessel into a collecting vessel by flushing said lock vessel with an adjustable amount of water flowing from said surge tank; ande. adjusting the water level in the collection vessel during the time the lock vessel is open so that the water level is sufficiently high such that no gas penetrates the lock vessel from the outside and the water level in the lock vessel does not sink.

Abstract translation: 在10至200巴的压力下使氧气或含氧组合物气化含灰分燃料时产生的周期性洗涤残留物的方法的改进，其中灰分在连接到气化室的水浴中制粒，悬浮在 描述了进入设有输送机的非加压收集容器的水。 改进包括：a。 从所述水浴排出残留物，所述水浴通过锁定容器与所述气化室保持流体连通，所述锁定容器连接到包含水的缓冲罐，使得所述锁定容器保持恒定地充满水; b。 通过打开与所述水浴的工艺用水供给管线的连接并允许其中的水来平衡所述锁定容器和包括所述水浴的所述气化室之间的压力; C。 通过打开所述锁定容器和所述缓冲罐之间的连接来减压所述锁定容器并除去已释放的气体（预先溶解在水中）和蒸汽; d。 通过从所述缓冲罐流出的可调节量的水冲洗所述锁定容器，将悬浮和造粒的残余物从所述锁定容器排放到收集容器中; 和e。 在锁船打开期间调整收集容器中的水位，使得水位足够高，使得没有气体从外部渗入锁定容器并且锁定容器中的水位不下沉。

公开(公告)号：US4310333A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-12

申请号：US130643

申请日：1980-03-17

Applicant: Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

Inventor： Volkmar Schmidt ,  Bernhard Lieder ,  Heinrich Scheve ,  Hans Dohren

IPC: C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/76 ,  F22B1/18 ,  C10J3/68

CPC classification number: F22B1/1846 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  H01L2924/01004 ,  H01L2924/19042

Abstract: An improvement in the process for the gasification of a solid fuel wherein the solid fuel is at least partially oxidized at a temperature above the melting point of ash of the solid fuel and at a pressure of 10-200 bar where the resultant synthesis gas is thereafter cooled in the presence of combustion residues of the solid fuel, and the combustion residues are thereafter discharged directly, the improvement residing in carrying out the gasification in a gasification zone disposed vertically over and in fluid communication with a radiation zone comprising cooling surfaces, the radiation zone have disposed at the bottom thereof and in fluid communication with the radiation zone a water containing bath. The radiation zone is cylindrical or conical, widens by 0 to 15 degrees towards the bottom, is made in a finned wall construction with a relation of height to diameter of .ltoreq.6:1 and comprises cooling surfaces. A jet centrally placed in the radiation zone for introducing synthesis gas and combustion residues from the gasification zone into the radiation zone at a flow rate of 1-30 m/sec. The effluents from the gasification zone are directed into the radiation zone and into contact with the water containing bath, whereby combustion residues are retained by the bath. Synthesis gas can thereafter be removed from the radiation zone and further cooled in a convection chamber. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Abstract translation: 在固体燃料气化过程中的改进，其中固体燃料在高于固体燃料的灰分熔点的温度下至少部分地被氧化并且在10-200巴的压力下，其后所得的合成气 在固体燃料的燃烧残余物的存在下冷却，然后直接排出燃烧残余物，改善位于在与包括冷却表面的辐射区垂直设置并与其流体连通的气化区中进行气化，辐射 区域设置在其底部并与辐射区流体连通的含水浴。 辐射区域为圆柱形或圆锥形，朝向底部加宽0至15度，制成具有高度与直径之比

公开(公告)号：US4437864A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-20

申请号：US321171

申请日：1981-11-09

Applicant: Rainer Gorris ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Heinrich Scheve

Inventor： Rainer Gorris ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Ulrich Gerhardus ,  Heinrich Scheve

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/76

CPC classification number: C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/1807

Abstract: A plant for the gasification of fossil fuels which includes a reactor container and a further plant component attachable to the reactor container. The reactor container has a discharge opening and includes a connection part extending outwardly from the discharge opening. A fireproof lining, which determines the inner cross-sectional area of the container, is provided within the container. An intermediate ring is interposed between the connecting part of the reactor container and the further plant component for attaching the connecting part to the further plant component. This intermediate ring is provided with a fireproof lining having an area of reduced inner cross-section which is less than the inner cross-sectional area of the fireproof lining of the reactor container, the area of reduced cross-section being the smallest cross-sectional area in the connection between the reactor container and the further plant component.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE81 / 00044 Sec。 371日期1981年11月9日 102（e）日期1981年11月9日PCT提交1981年3月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO81 / 02743 日期为1981年10月1日。一种用于化石燃料气化的设备，其中包括可堆放在反应堆容器中的反应堆容器和另外的植物部件。 反应堆容器具有排出口，并且包括从排出口向外延伸的连接部。 确定容器内部横截面面积的防火衬里设置在容器内。 在反应器容器的连接部分和用于将连接部分附接到另外的植物部件的另外的植物部件之间插入中间环。 该中间环设有防火衬里，该防火衬里具有比内部横截面减小的面积小于反应堆容器的防火衬里的内截面面积，截面积减小的区域是最小横截面 反应堆容器和另外的植物部件之间的连接区域。