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    Preparation of O-substituted hydroxylammonium salts
    2.
    发明授权
    Preparation of O-substituted hydroxylammonium salts 失效
    O-取代羟基铵盐的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5557013A

    公开(公告)日：1996-09-17

    申请号：US545227

    申请日：1995-10-19

    申请人： Michael Keil ,  Josef Wahl ,  Ulrich Klein ,  Wolfgang Will

    发明人： Michael Keil ,  Josef Wahl ,  Ulrich Klein ,  Wolfgang Will

    IPC分类号： C07C239/20 ,  C07C249/08 ,  C07C249/12 ,  C07C251/38 ,  C07C209/00

    CPC分类号： C07C249/12 ,  C07C239/20 ,  C07C249/08 ,  Y02P20/125

    摘要： Preparation of O-substituted hydroxylammonium salts of the formula IH.sub.2 NOR x HX Iwhere R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl radical, each of which may be halogen-substituted, and X is chlorine or bromine, by reacting in an integrated process, without isolation of intermediatesa) acetone with hydroxylammonium sulfate and sodium hydroxide solution to give acetone oxime;b) treating the solution of acetone oxime thus obtained with sodium hydroxide solution and completely removing water,c) reacting the suspension of the acetone oxime Na salt thus obtained with alkylating agents at from 0.5 to 15 bar and at up to 140.degree. C. to give acetone oxime ethers; andd) cleaving the acetone oxime ethers with acids HX to give the products I,a homogeneous, nonpolar aprotic solvent being used in all process steps a) to d).

    摘要翻译： 式I的O-取代羟铵盐的制备H 2 NOR x HXI其中R是C1-C6烷基或C2-C6-烯基，其各自可以被卤素取代，X是氯或溴，通过在 一体化方法，不分离中间体a）丙酮与硫酸羟铵和氢氧化钠溶液得到丙酮肟; b）用氢氧化钠溶液处理由此获得的丙酮肟溶液并完全除去水，c）使得到的丙酮肟钠盐与烷基化剂的悬浮液在0.5至15巴和至多140℃下反应至 给予丙酮肟醚; 和d）用酸HX裂解丙酮肟醚以产生产物I，所有方法步骤a）至d）中使用均匀的非极性非质子溶剂。

    Method and apparatus for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine
    4.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine 失效
    用于控制内燃机的工作特性量的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4676215A

    公开(公告)日：1987-06-30

    申请号：US696536

    申请日：1985-01-30

    申请人： Eberhard Blocher ,  Rolf Kohler ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Manfred Schmitt ,  Josef Wahl

    发明人： Eberhard Blocher ,  Rolf Kohler ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Manfred Schmitt ,  Josef Wahl

    IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02P5/145 ,  F02B3/00

    CPC分类号： F02P5/1455 ,  F02D41/1408 ,  Y02T10/46

    摘要： The invention is directed to an apparatus and a method for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine, with a characteristic set up with operating quantities of the internal combustion engine for pre-control of engine variables influencing the operating characteristic quantities, and with a control arrangement, responsive to at least one engine variable, for correctively influencing the characteristic values. The values stored in the characteristic field and selected in dependence on operating characteristic quantities of the internal combustion engine are modified via the control arrangement to correctively influence the characteristic values. In addition, the characteristic values lying within the defined region of the characteristic value modified are also changed in dependence on the modification of this particular characteristic value. The fact that the modification of a characteristic region in dependence on the modification of its respective characteristic value is weighted, permits a rapid and accurate adaptation of the characteristic to the actual operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The invention is advantageously suitable for use in various control systems contolling air-fuel metering, ignition point, charge-air pressure, exhaust-gas recirculation of idle speed, for example.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制内燃机的操作特征量的装置和方法，其特征是设置有用于预先控制影响操作特征量的发动机变量的内燃机的操作量，并且与 响应于至少一个发动机变量的控制装置，用于校正地影响特征值。 存储在特征区中并根据内燃机的操作特性量选择的值经由控制装置进行修正，以校正影响特性值。 此外，位于修改的特征值的限定区域内的特征值也根据该特定特征值的修改而改变。 根据其各自的特征值的修改对特征区进行修改的事实能够使特征快速且准确地适应于内燃机的实际操作条件。 本发明有利地适用于例如空气燃料计量，点火点，增压 - 空气压力，怠速的废气再循环等各种控制系统。

    Method and apparatus for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine
    5.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine 失效
    用于控制内燃机的工作特性量的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4646697A

    公开(公告)日：1987-03-03

    申请号：US696645

    申请日：1985-01-30

    申请人： Ferdinand Grob ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Josef Wahl

    发明人： Ferdinand Grob ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Josef Wahl

    IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02P5/145 ,  F02P5/04 ,  F02B3/00

    CPC分类号： F02D41/1408 ,  F02P5/1455 ,  Y02T10/46

    摘要： The invention is directed to an apparatus for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes a characteristic field for pre-controlling engine variables influencing the operating characteristic quantities. The characteristic field is made up of the operating characteristic quantities. The apparatus further includes a control arrangement for controlling to maximum power output of the engine. The control arrangement is superposed on the pre-control and includes means for determining corrective values from the control loop in a predetermined operating range of the engine. The corrective values are applied to influence all of the pre-control values of the characteristic field over all operating ranges. With the apparatus of the invention, it is possible in a simple manner to consider changes in the surrounding factors that influence the engine. Two embodiments are described wherein the control is achieved by means of an optimizer and the engine is controlled to maximum power in either the part-load range or the full-load range of the engine. The apparatus of the invention can be used, for example, in air-fuel mixture metering, charging air control, control of exhaust gas return or also idle control.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制内燃机的工作特性量的装置。 该装置包括用于预先控制影响操作特征量的发动机变量的特征场。 特征场由工作特征量组成。 该装置还包括用于控制发动机的最大功率输出的控制装置。 控制装置重叠在预控制上，并且包括用于在发动机的预定操作范围内从控制回路确定校正值的装置。 应用校正值来影响所有工作范围内特征场的所有预控制值。 利用本发明的装置，可以以简单的方式考虑影响发动机的周围因素的变化。 描述了两个实施例，其中通过优化器实现控制，并且在发动机的部分负载范围或全负载范围内控制发动机的最大功率。 本发明的装置可以用于例如空气 - 燃料混合物计量，充气控制，废气返回控制或空转控制。

    Electronic ignition control system for internal combustion engines
    7.
    发明授权
    Electronic ignition control system for internal combustion engines 失效
    内燃机电子点火控制系统

    公开(公告)号：US4015566A

    公开(公告)日：1977-04-05

    申请号：US587627

    申请日：1975-06-17

    申请人： Josef Wahl

    发明人： Josef Wahl

    IPC分类号： F02P5/155

    CPC分类号： F02P5/155 ,  Y02T10/46

    摘要： The ignition timing, or ignition instant, is determined by generating electric voltages representative of various operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and modifying these voltages in a function generator to derive ignition control signals. An entirely electronic, or servo-operated adjustment system is responsive to the modified voltages to control the ignition system for proper timing of the ignition spark; in accordance with the present invention, the control system forms part of a closed control loop. In accordance with a feature of the invention, the engine itself forms part of the control loop, in that the effect on an operation parameter of the engine, for example composition of exhaust gases, is evaluated and fed back as an input control quantity to modify the ignition timing.

    摘要翻译： 点火正时或点火时刻是通过产生表示内燃机的各种运行参数的电压来确定的，并且修改功能发生器中的这些电压以得到点火控制信号。 完全电子或伺服操作的调节系统响应于修改的电压来控制点火系统以适当地点火火花的定时; 根据本发明，控制系统形成封闭控制回路的一部分。 根据本发明的特征，发动机本身形成控制回路的一部分，因为对发动机的操作参数（例如废气的组成）的影响被评估并作为输入控制量反馈以进行修改 点火正时。

    Method and apparatus for determining fuel mixture adjustment values for fuel burning engines
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for determining fuel mixture adjustment values for fuel burning engines 失效
    用于确定燃料燃烧发动机的燃料混合物调整值的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4271804A

    公开(公告)日：1981-06-09

    申请号：US12533

    申请日：1979-02-15

    申请人： Valerio Bianchi ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Josef Wahl

    发明人： Valerio Bianchi ,  Peter-Jurgen Schmidt ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Josef Wahl

    IPC分类号： F02D41/04 ,  F02D21/08 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D41/26 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02M7/00 ,  F02P5/145 ,  F02M7/18

    CPC分类号： F02P5/1455 ,  F02D41/1475 ,  F02D41/2454 ,  F02D41/26 ,  F02D41/005 ,  F02D41/2487 ,  Y02T10/46

    摘要： A method for determining adjustment values for a fuel supply device which supplies a fuel mixture to a fuel-burning engine for optimum performance by additionally influencing the preset adjustment values of the fuel supply device itself from values supplied by a storage means containing an engine performance log of adjustment values whereby said performance adjustment values are continuously changed and replaced by values which reflect instantaneous operating engine characteristics. Each replaced value forms the basis for computing a new value upon a change in engine operating characteristics. The apparatus disclosed comprises a fuel supply device, such as a carburetor, which has its adjustment values preset due to its construction, a storage means containing engine performance adjustment values for correcting the preset values of the supply device in response to engine operating characteristics, and a second storage means connected to the fuel supply device and to the first storage means wherein the performance values from said first storage means are continuously adjusted from the engine operating characteristics and stored for use by the fuel supply device for optimum engine operating performance.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于确定燃料供应装置的调节值的方法，该燃料供应装置通过额外地影响燃料供给装置本身的预设调节值，由包含发动机性能指标的存储装置提供的值来向燃料燃烧发动机提供燃料混合物以获得最佳性能 的调整值，由此所述性能调整值被连续地改变并被反映瞬时操作发动机特性的值代替。 每个替换值构成了在发动机运行特性变化时计算新值的基础。 所公开的装置包括燃料供应装置，例如化油器，其具有由于其结构而预设的调节值;存储装置，其包含用于响应于发动机操作特性来校正供应装置的预设值的发动机性能调节值;以及 连接到燃料供应装置和第一存储装置的第二存储装置，其中来自所述第一存储装置的性能值根据发动机操作特性连续地调节并存储供燃料供应装置使用以获得最佳发动机操作性能。

    Voltage limited ignition system, particularly for an internal combustion engine
    10.
    发明授权
    Voltage limited ignition system, particularly for an internal combustion engine 失效
    电压限制点火系统，特别适用于内燃机

    公开(公告)号：US4114582A

    公开(公告)日：1978-09-19

    申请号：US776739

    申请日：1977-03-11

    申请人： Friedrich Rabus ,  Josef Wahl ,  Gunter Grather

    发明人： Friedrich Rabus ,  Josef Wahl ,  Gunter Grather

    IPC分类号： F02P3/055 ,  F02P11/00 ,  F02P1/00

    CPC分类号： F02P3/0552

    摘要： To prevent application of excessive spark energy in an ignition system designed for proper firing voltages even under low-battery voltage conditions, upon rise of the battery voltage to normal or excessive values, a voltage sensing circuit, including a threshold stage, is connected to the secondary of the ignition coil to sense the secondary voltage, the threshold stage providing an output when the voltage is exceeded and blocking continued supply of power to the ignition coil of the system to thereby limit the ignition voltage.

    摘要翻译： 为了防止在即使在低电池电压条件下设计用于正确点火电压的点火系统中施加过多的火花能量，当电池电压升高到正常或过高时，包括阈值级的电压检测电路连接到 点火线圈的二次检测次级电压，阈值级在超过电压时提供输出，并阻止对系统的点火线圈持续供电，从而限制点火电压。