摘要:
A cardiac rhythm management device predicts defibrillation thresholds without any need to apply defibrillation shocks or subjecting the patient to fibrillation. Intravascular defibrillation electrodes are implanted in a heart. By applying a small test energy, an electric field near one of the defibrillation electrodes is determined by measuring a voltage at a sensing electrode offset from the defibrillation electrode by a known distance. A desired minimum value of electric field at the heart periphery is established. A distance between a defibrillation electrodes and the heart periphery is measured, either fluoroscopically or by measuring a voltage at an electrode at or near the heart periphery. Using the measured electric field and the measured distance to the periphery of the heart, the defibrillation energy needed to obtain the desired electric field at the heart periphery is estimated. In an example, the device also includes a defibrillation shock circuit and a stimulation circuit.
摘要:
A catheter insertable into a body provides for both sensing electrical activity of the heart at localized locations of the heart and defibrillating the heart when defibrillation is required. The catheter includes a plurality of connectors at the proximal end and a plurality of electrodes disposed along the catheter at the distal end. The plurality of electrodes includes a first plurality of electrodes and a second plurality of electrodes. The first plurality of electrodes are coupled together and to a given one of the plurality of connectors. Each of the second plurality of electrodes is coupled to a respective different one of the plurality of connectors. The first plurality of electrodes provide for defibrillating the heart and the second plurality of electrodes provide for sensing electrical activity of the heart at localized locations of the heart.
摘要:
This document discusses, among other things, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system. In an example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia system includes at least two separate modules that coordinate delivery an antitachyarrhythmia therapy, such as a defibrillation therapy. In another example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system includes a sensing module, an analysis module, and a therapy module.
摘要:
This document discusses, among other things, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system. In an example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia system includes at least two separate modules that coordinate delivery an antitachyarrhythmia therapy, such as a defibrillation therapy. In another example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system includes a sensing module, an analysis module, and a therapy module.
摘要:
A method uses temperature measurements for a print head and an imaging member to identify a distance between a print head and an imaging member and a heat transfer function. The method includes heating an imaging member to a predetermined imaging member temperature, activating a heat source to heat a print head to a predetermined print head temperature while the print head is at a non-imaging position with reference to the imaging member, moving the heated print head to a print position with reference to the imaging member, the print position being closer to the imaging member than the non-imaging position, deactivating the heat source, measuring a first temperature for the print head in response to a first time period expiring, and identifying a distance between the print head in the print position and the imaging member from the temperature measured for the print head, the predetermined imaging member temperature, and a difference between the predetermined print head temperature and the temperature measured for the print head.
摘要:
A control for raising and lowering a lift axle (16) on a motor vehicle (10) having an ignition switch (106) for turning the motor on and off. The control has a circuit (32) that is fed through the ignition switch when the ignition switch is on but not when the ignition switch is off and that has a first switch device (102F) that requires actuation to enable the lift axle to be lowered and a second switch device (94D) that, once the first switch device has been actuated to enable the lift axle to be lowered, is effective upon being actuated to cause the lift axle to be lowered. Placement of the vehicle transmission in reverse automatically raises the lift axle if it has been lowered.
摘要:
A bicycle storage rack for allowing a user to conveniently store one's bicycle indoors. The bicycle storage rack includes a base member having a main elongate member connected to a pair of secondary elongate members, a first upright tubular member removeably disposed upon the main elongate member, a second upright tubular member adjustably mounted to the first upright tubular member, and further includes a bracket structure for suspending a bicycle above the base member. The bracket structure includes an upper bracket member having either a hook-like member fixedly attached to the second upright tubular member or an elongate member being fixedly attached to the second upright tubular member with handle bar support members fixedly attached at the ends of the elongate member. The bracket structure also includes a lower bracket member having either a sleeve mounted about the first upright tubular member, an elongate support member attached to the sleeve and a seat post support member connected to the elongate support member and having an angled elongate member and a pronged member, or a sleeve mounted about the first upright tubular member, a hanger support member connected to the sleeve and a pronged hanger connected to the hanger support member.
摘要:
A system and method evaluates the spatial organization of atrial activation sequences of a heart. Electrical activity of an atrium is sensed at a predetermined number of different localized locations within the atrium to generate a like predetermined number of electrograms. The electrogram generated for each localized location is cross-correlated with the electrograms generated for every other localized location to derive a set of correlation values. A space constant derivable from the correlation values or the correlation values themselves may be used to evaluate antiarrhythmic drug effectiveness or, within an implantable atrial defibrillator, atrial arrhythmia type.
摘要:
Myocardial electrical stability is assessed based on the derivation of an alternating ECG morphology index from a series of heartbeats. The ECG electrical signal waveform is digitized at a plurlaity of sample points for each of the series of beats. Sample point matrices from the digitized ECG signals are constructed and the alternating energy at each of the sample points for the series of beats is computed. The alternating energy over the entire set of sample points is summed to generate the total alternating energy. This total alternating energy is normalized with respect to the energy of the average waveform, the normalized value being the alternating ECG morphology index. Animal studies indicate a high negative correlation between cardiac electrical stability and the alternating ECG morphology index.
摘要:
A method uses temperature measurements for a print head and an imaging member to identify a distance between a print head and an imaging member. The method determines whether the print head at the print position is too close to the imaging member to identify the gap distance without damage to the print head. Then, if the print head is not too close, the print head is heated to quantify the heat sink effect of the imaging member on the print head. This effect is related to a heat transfer function that identifies the gap distance between the imaging member and the print head.