摘要:
An imaging apparatus where images of good quality can be obtained without being affected by the diffraction phenomenon and without recourse to any polishing. The imaging apparatus is adapted to form a subject image on an imaging plane having light receptor elements arranged on it via an imaging optical system. The imaging optical system has a molded optical element fabricated through a fabrication process in which a periodic streak is produced on an optical surface. When a high-brightness subject light whose brightness value exceeds the saturation sensitivity of each light receptor element enters the imaging optical system, a nonessential light image resulting from the streak on the optical surface based on the high-brightness subject light is formed on the imaging plane and in an area of a subject image from the high-brightness subject light at the time when the optical plane is supposed to be free of the streak.
摘要:
A positive resist composition contains (A) a novolak resin having a weight average molecular weight calculated as polystyrene of 2,000-20,000 wherein 2.5-27 mol % of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group is replaced by a 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl group and (B) a low molecular aromatic compound having phenolic hydroxyl groups and 2-20 benzene rings wherein the ratio of the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups to the number of benzene rings is between 0.5 and 2.5. By forming a resist layer on a substrate from the positive resist composition and baking the resist layer at 90-130° C., followed by exposure and development, there is formed a resist pattern having an undercut of desired configuration. Owing to high resolution and improved dimensional control, heat resistance and film retention, the resist pattern lends itself to a lift-off technique.
摘要:
A positive photoresist composition for forming a contact hole which comprises (A) an alkali-soluble resin; (B) a naphthoquinonediazide group-containing compound; and (C) a solvent, wherein the ingredient (B) comprises: at least one naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic ester of a polyphenol compound, where said polyphenol compound is composed of from 4 to 6 benzene rings each bonding via a methylene chain, each of the methylene chains is in a meta position to other methylene chains, and each of the benzene rings has a hydroxyl group is provided. According to the present invention, a positive photoresist composition and a process for forming a contact hole can be provided each of which gives a contact hole pattern image in exact accordance with a mask pattern without dimple formation, in the contact hole forming technologies using the phaseshift method.
摘要:
This invention relates to an agent for preventing or treating chronic pelvic pain syndromes (chronic abacterial prostatitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome in a narrow sense and interstitial cystitis), which comprises various phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4) inhibitors such as cilomilast and roflumilast as an active ingredient.
摘要:
A positive resist composition contains (1) a novolak resin having a weight average molecular weight calculated as polystyrene of 2,000-10,000 as an alkali-soluble resin, (2) a low nucleus compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and 2-5 benzene rings as a dissolution promoter, and (3) a compound having a 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl group in a molecule and a degree of esterification of at least 65% as a photosensitive agent. By forming a resist layer on a substrate from the positive resist composition, and baking the resist layer at 100.degree.-130.degree. C. before exposure or before development, followed by exposure and development, there is formed a resist pattern having a micro-groove of desired configuration. This resist pattern lends itself to a lift-off technique.
摘要:
The invention relates to an imaging apparatus wherein, even when there is a periodic streak produced on a molded optical element, images of good enough image quality can be obtained without being affected by the diffraction phenomenon yet without recourse to any polishing. The imaging apparatus is adapted to form a subject image on an imaging plane (6) having light receptor elements arranged on it via an imaging optical system (7). The imaging optical system (7) comprises a molded optical element (1) fabricated through a fabrication process in which a periodic streak (2) is produced on an optical surface. When high-brightness subject light whose brightness value exceeds the saturation sensitivity of each light receptor element enters the imaging optical system, a nonessential light image (11) resulting from the streak on the optical surface based on the high-brightness subject light is formed on the imaging plane (6) and in an area (10) of a subject image from the high-brightness subject light at the time when the optical plane is supposed to be free of the streak (2).
摘要:
2-Oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives characterized by bearing a specific substituent, —X—R6, at the 3-position and a cyclic substituent, R5, at the 4-position; or salts thereof. The derivatives and the salts are useful as drugs, particularly preventive or therapeutic agents for respiratory diseases related to PDE IV.
摘要:
A positive photoresist composition for forming a contact hole which comprises (A) an alkali-soluble resin; (B) a naphthoquinonediazide group-containing compound; and (C) a solvent, wherein the ingredient (B) comprises: at least one naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic ester of a polyphenol compound, where said polyphenol compound is composed of from 4 to 6 benzene rings each bonding via a methylene chain, each of the methylene chains is in a meta position to other methylene chains, and each of the benzene rings has a hydroxyl group is provided. According to tie present invention, a positive photoresist composition and a process for forming a contact hole can be provided each of which gives a contact hole pattern image in exact accordance with a mask pattern without dimple formation, in the contact hole forming technologies using the phaseshift method.
摘要:
A positive photoresist composition comprises (A) an alkali-soluble resin, and (B) at least one quinonediazide group-containing compound in which part or all of the hydroxyl groups of a compound represented by the following formula (I) are esterified with a quinonediazidesulfonic acid: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and "a" is 0 or 1. The present invention provides a positive photoresist composition which can form a resist pattern having high film residual rate, improved development contrast between exposed portions and unexposed portions, and satisfactory definition, exposure margin, focal depth range properties and sectional shape.