摘要:
Among other things, renewable energy is extracted from an asymmetric system (or the ability of the system to have renewable energy extracted from it is enhanced, or both) that is characterized by one or more stochastic variables, which exhibit at least one statistical component that is not Gaussian and/or not white.
摘要:
Among other things, to cause directional motion of chiral objects in a mixture in a chamber, a field is rotated relative to a chamber to cause rotation of the chiral objects. The rotation of the objects causes them to move directionally based on their chirality.
摘要:
Apparatus and Methods are provided for a microfabricated fluorescence activated cell sorter based on an optical switch for rapid, active control of cell routing through a microfluidic channel network. This sorter enables low-stress, highly efficient sorting of populations of small numbers of cells (i.e., 1000-100,000 cells). The invention includes packaging of the microfluidic channel network in a self-contained plastic cartridge that enables microfluidic channel network to macro-scale instrument interconnect, in a sterile, disposable format.
摘要:
Apparatus and Methods are provided for a microfabricated fluorescence activated cell sorter based on an optical switch for rapid, active control of cell routing through a microfluidic channel network. This sorter enables low-stress, highly efficient sorting of populations of small numbers of cells (i.e., 1000-100,000 cells). The invention includes packaging of the microfluidic channel network in a self-contained plastic cartridge that enables microfluidic channel network to macro-scale instrument interconnect, in a sterile, disposable format.
摘要:
Apparatus and Methods are provided for a microfabricated fluorescence activated cell sorter based on an optical switch for rapid, active control of cell routing through a microfluidic channel network. This sorter enables low-stress, highly efficient sorting of populations of small numbers of cells (i.e., 1000-100,000 cells). The invention includes packaging of the microfluidic channel network in a self-contained plastic cartridge that enables microfluidic channel network to macro-scale instrument interconnect, in a sterile, disposable format.
摘要:
Among other things, a combination comprises interaction with a system that has a perturbation. In such perturbed system, a non-directional input is applied to a first variable of the system. Based on an asymmetry of the perturbed system, a directional effect is achieved in a second variable of the system, the first and second variables comprising a conjugate pair of variables. At least one of the following pertains: the interaction occurs other than by an apparatus and other than in a way that actually achieves the directional effect, or the conjugate pair is other than position and momentum, or the input or the asymmetry are in a dimension other than spatial coordinates, or the directional effect is other than translational motion and other than rotary motion.
摘要:
In an aspect, a perturbation is applied to a system comprising an enzymatic chemical reaction and/or an organic catalytic chemical reaction with the perturbation being non-directional (average of the force applied by the perturbation being zero) with respect to a variable of the system. A directional effect is caused with respect to the said enzymatic or organic catalytic chemical reaction as a result of the perturbation and an asymmetry of the perturbed system. The present invention also embodies an apparatus comprising a site for an enzymatic or organic catalytic chemical reaction and a device controlled to perturb a system that includes the enzymatic or organic catalytic chemical reaction, the average of the force applied by the perturbation being zero, a directional effect being caused with respect to the chemical reaction as a result of the perturbation and an asymmetry of the perturbed system.
摘要:
Among other things, to cause directional motion of chiral objects in a mixture in a chamber, a field is rotated relative to a chamber to cause rotation of the chiral objects. The rotation of the objects caused them to move directionally based on their chirality.
摘要:
Among other things, a force is applied, at a first location in a medium and at a first time, to cause an object to move in a direction along the medium. At a later, second time, a force is applied at a second location, which is farther along the direction in which the object is moving, to cause the object to move an additional distance in the medium, when the force is no longer being applied at the first location. Both the distance traveled by the object and how long the object is subject to the force depend on a property of the object. At least one of the times and locations of applying the force is selected based on the property of the object.
摘要:
Among other things, for use in directional motion of chiral objects in a mixture, a field is applied across the chamber and is rotating relative to the chamber to cause rotation of the chiral objects. The rotation of the objects causes them to move directionally based on their chirality. The method applies to sugars, proteins, and peptides, among other things, and can be used in a wide variety of applications.