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公开(公告)号：US5667664A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US709629
申请日：1996-09-09
摘要： An aluminium smelting cell comprising side walls (5) and a floor (2) defining an active cathode, an anode (3) overlying the cathode floor (2), some said side walls (5) being covered by a wetted cathode material (6), such as one contained TiB.sub.2, so that the covered side walls become active cathode surfaces on which a film of aluminium metal forms to protect the side wall parts against bath attack, thereby enabling the cell to operate at the desired temperatures without the usual protective side ledge of the frozen electrolyte material.
摘要翻译： 一种铝熔融电池，其包括侧壁（5）和限定活性阴极的底板（2），覆盖在阴极底板（2）上的阳极（3），一些所述侧壁（5）被润湿的阴极材料（6 ），例如包含TiB 2，使得被覆盖的侧壁成为活性阴极表面，在其上形成铝金属膜以保护侧壁部分免受浴液侵蚀，从而使电池能够在所需温度下操作，而不需要通常的保护 冷冻电解质材料的侧壁。
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公开(公告)号：US5240654A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-31
申请号：US948559
申请日：1992-09-23
申请人： Thomas K. Smith , Raymond W. Shaw , Christopher J. Heathcock , Leslie C. Edwards , Malcolm J. Couper , Kenong Xia
发明人： Thomas K. Smith , Raymond W. Shaw , Christopher J. Heathcock , Leslie C. Edwards , Malcolm J. Couper , Kenong Xia
IPC分类号： C04B35/111 , C04B35/185 , C09K8/80 , C22C32/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/185 , C04B35/111 , C09K8/80 , C22C32/0089
摘要： A calcined microsphere of ultrafine bauxite particles having a mean particle size in the range 0.01 to 0.3 micrometers, said microsphere having a particle size less than 30 micrometers and being characterized by a substantially solid form having a pycnometric density substantially falling in the range 3.2-3.0 g/cm.sup.3, a BET surface area substantially falling in the range 0.05 to 0.5 m.sup.2 /g and a crystal grain size less than 4 micrometers, the surface chemistry of the microsphere being modified to enhance the wettability of the microsphere and to improve its ability to bond strongly with matrix materials in use.
摘要翻译： 具有平均粒度在0.01至0.3微米范围内的超细铝土矿颗粒的煅烧微球，所述微球具有小于30微米的粒度，其特征在于基本上为固体形式，其比重密度基本上落在3.2-3.0的范围内 g / cm3，BET表面积基本上在0.05〜0.5m2 / g的范围内，晶粒尺寸小于4微米，微球的表面化学性质被改性以提高微球的润湿性，并提高其 与使用中的基质材料结合牢固。
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公开(公告)号：US5098873A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US663921
申请日：1991-03-11
CPC分类号： C04B28/06 , C04B14/303 , C04B35/6309 , C04B35/6316 , C04B35/66 , C04B2111/0012
摘要： A low cement castable refractory comprising 85 to 96% by weight of a calcined ultrafine bauxite aggregate characterized by a particle size of less than 10 um, 2 to 10% by weight of a suitable cement material, 0 to 8% of weight of a thixotropic agent and 0 to 2% by weight of suitable deflocculants and plasticizers, the cement material comprising calcium aluminate cement having an alumina content of 40 to 85% and the thixotropic agents being selected from those containing microfine silica, and/or reactive alumina, the inorganic deflocculants and plasticizers being selected from alkali phosphates, lignosulphonates or naphthalene sulphonates. A method of making a low cement castable refractory and installing a low cement castable refractory are also described.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU89 / 00436 Sec。 371日期1991年3月11日 102（e）1991年3月11日PCT PCT日期：1989年10月5日PCT公布。 公开号WO90 / 03957 日本1990年04月19日。一种低水泥浇注耐火材料，其包含85至96重量％的煅烧超细铝土矿骨料，其特征在于粒度小于10微米，2至10重量％的合适的水泥材料，0至 触变剂重量的8重量％和合适的抗絮凝剂和增塑剂0-2重量％，所述水泥材料包含氧化铝含量为40至85％的铝酸钙水泥，并且触变剂选自含有微细二氧化硅的那些，以及 /或活性氧化铝，无机抗絮凝剂和增塑剂选自碱金属磷酸盐，木质素磺酸盐或萘磺酸盐。 还描述了制造低水泥浇注耐火材料和安装低水泥浇注料耐火材料的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4880541A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US172441
申请日：1988-03-24
申请人： Paul J. Chiron , Kevin D. Watson , Raymond W. Shaw
发明人： Paul J. Chiron , Kevin D. Watson , Raymond W. Shaw
CPC分类号： C04B35/10 , B01D39/2075 , C22B21/066 , C22B9/023 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A filter medium suitable for hot liquid and gaseous materials, more particularly molten metals, for example aluminium and its alloys, is characterized by the use of sintered ultrafine bauxite granules. Filter media according to the invention exhibit superior thermal shock resistance, may be used repeatedly and are much cheaper than filter media of the prior art.
摘要翻译： 适用于热液体和气体材料，特别是熔融金属（例如铝及其合金）的过滤介质的特征在于使用烧结的超细铝土矿颗粒。 根据本发明的过滤介质表现出优异的耐热冲击性，可以重复使用并且比现有技术的过滤介质便宜得多。
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公开(公告)号：US5330631A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US969850
申请日：1993-03-26
IPC分类号： C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/08
摘要： An aluminium smelting cell comprising a floor defining a cathode surface (4) which is substantially horizontal in the longitudinal direction of an overlying anode (1), shaped structures (2,3) projecting from the cathode surface (4) and having exposed surfaces of aluminium wetted material, the shaped structures being positioned to cause preferential contouring of the anode (1), particularly at its longitudinal edges (5,6) to allow for improved bubble release and to minimize cell resistivity.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU91 / 00372 Sec。 371日期1993年3月26日 102（e）1993年3月26日PCT PCT 1991年8月19日PCT公布。 第WO92 / 03597号公报 日本1991年3月5日。一种铝冶炼单元，包括限定阴极表面（4）的底板，所述阴极表面（4）在上阳极（1）的纵向方向上基本上水平，从阴极表面突出的成形结构（2,3） 4）并且具有铝浸渍材料的暴露表面，成形结构被定位成引起阳极（1）的优先轮廓，特别是在其纵向边缘（5,6）处，以允许改善气泡释放并使细胞电阻率最小化。
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6.发明授权Hydrometallurgical recovery of metal values from cooper containing sulphide materials 失效来自含铜硫化物材料的金属值的湿法冶金回收
公开(公告)号：US4971662A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-20
申请号：US15533
申请日：1987-02-13
申请人： Hugh D. Sawyer , Raymond W. Shaw
发明人： Hugh D. Sawyer , Raymond W. Shaw
CPC分类号： C22B3/06 , C22B15/0067 , C22B15/0069 , C22B19/22 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P10/236
摘要： A process for the hydrometallurgical recovery of metal value, particularly copper, from copper-containing sulphide materials in which the material is conventionally ground and reacted with a solution containing less than 3 moles per liter of chloride ion, and optionally as little as 15 g/liter, together with sulphate ions with continuous oxygen injection and vigerous agitation. The reacting may be carried out at a pH in the range of 0.5-4, at moderate pressure as low as atmospheric pressure and at a moderate temperature below the boiling point of the solution such as 85.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 一种从含铜硫化物材料中进行金属冶炼，特别是铜回收的方法，其中该材料通常被研磨并与含有少于3摩尔/升氯离子的溶液反应，并且任选地少至15g / 与硫酸根离子一起连续注入氧气并进行剧烈搅拌。 该反应可以在0.5-4的范围内的pH值，低于大气压的中等压力下进行，并且在低于溶液沸点的中等温度例如85℃下进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5352338A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US28188
申请日：1993-03-09
申请人： Drago D. Juric , Kevin D. Watson , Raymond W. Shaw
发明人： Drago D. Juric , Kevin D. Watson , Raymond W. Shaw
CPC分类号： C25C3/06
摘要： A method of operating an aluminum smelting cell during the start-up phase of the cell is described. The method includes forming a layer of boron oxide on the exposed surface of the cathode of the cell, forming a layer of aluminum on the boron oxide layer, and starting the cell. This melts the boron oxide layer to form a barrier impervious to oxygen at a temperature from about 400.degree. C. to about 650.degree. C., and the aluminum layer is melted to form a barrier to oxygen at temperature above about 600.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. to reduce the development of oxidation products.
摘要翻译： 描述了在电池启动阶段期间操作铝熔炼电池的方法。 该方法包括在电池的阴极的暴露表面上形成氧化硼层，在氧化硼层上形成一层铝，并启动电池。 这使熔融氧化硼层在约400℃至约650℃的温度下形成不渗透氧的屏障，并且铝层在约600℃以上的温度下熔化形成对氧的屏障， 约1000℃，以减少氧化产物的发展。
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公开(公告)号：US07686866B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-30
申请号：US10494051
申请日：2002-10-20
IPC分类号： C22B15/00
CPC分类号： C22B15/0067 , C22B3/18 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P10/236
摘要： A process for recovering copper from chalcopyrite is disclosed. The process includes oxidising sulphur in chalcopyrite with a solution under predetermined contact conditions and thereby releasing at least part of the copper in the chalcopyrite into the solution as copper ions. The process includes a subsequent step of reducing sulphur in a solid product from step (a) to a minus two, ie. sulphide, valence state with a solution under predetermined contact conditions. The process further includes a subsequent step of oxidising sulphur in a solid product from step (b) with a solution under predetermined contact conditions and thereby releasing at least part of the remaining copper in the solid product into the solution as copper ions. The process further includes recovering copper from one or more of the solutions from steps (a) and (c).
摘要翻译： 公开了从黄铜矿中回收铜的方法。 该方法包括在预定的接触条件下用溶液氧化黄铜矿中的硫，从而将黄铜矿中的至少一部分铜释放到溶液中作为铜离子。 该方法包括将步骤（a）中的固体产物中的硫还原为负2的步骤。 硫化物，价态与溶液在预定的接触条件下。 该方法还包括在预定的接触条件下用溶液将来自步骤（b）的固体产物中的硫氧化的随后步骤，从而将固体产物中剩余的至少一部分铜释放到溶液中作为铜离子。 该方法还包括从步骤（a）和（c）的一种或多种溶液中回收铜。
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公开(公告)号：US5175133A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-29
申请号：US630968
申请日：1990-12-21
申请人： Thomas K. Smith , Raymond W. Shaw , Christopher J. Heathcock , Leslie C. Edwards , Malcolm J. Couper , Kenong Xia
发明人： Thomas K. Smith , Raymond W. Shaw , Christopher J. Heathcock , Leslie C. Edwards , Malcolm J. Couper , Kenong Xia
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , C04B35/111 , C04B35/18 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C04B35/18 , C04B35/111 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , Y10T428/12486
摘要： A calcined microsphere of ultrafine bauxite particles having a mean particle size in the range 0.01 to 0.3 micrometers, said microsphere having a particle size less than 30 micrometers and being characterized by a substantially solid form having a pycnometric density substantially falling in the range 3.2-3.9 g/cm.sup.3, a BET surface area substantially falling in the range 0.05 to 0.5 m.sup.2 /g and a crystal grain size less than 4 micrometers, the surface chemistry of the microsphere being modified to enhance the wettability of the microsphere and to improve its ability to bond strongly with matrix materials in use.
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公开(公告)号：US5043047A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-27
申请号：US481847
申请日：1990-02-20
CPC分类号： C25C3/08
摘要： An aluminum smelting cell comprising a cathode having an active upper surface, a plurality of anodes each having a lower surface spaced from the upper surface of the cathode, said cathode upper surface being sloped at an acute angle in a primary or longitudinal direction of each anode, and being formed with pairs of oppositely sloped surfaces extending in a transverse or secondary direction under each anode to cause complementary shaping of the lower anode surfaces to reduce the migration of bubbles between the anode and cathode along the anode surfaces in said primary or longitudinal direction to thereby reduce the path length of said bubbles whereby the turbulence caused by coalesced bubble disengagement from the bath electrolyte is significantly reduced while maintaining adequate bath circulation between the anode and cathode.
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