摘要:
The invention relates to a cementitious composition that can effectively reduce the adsorption of water, which comprises a) at least one polymer that is the polymerization product of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, in the form of their polymer dispersions and water-redispersible polymer powders; and b) at least one alkyl and/or alkenyl substituted dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides.
摘要:
A process for coproducing di- and/or polyisocyanates and glycols, comprising process stages A, B, C and E for preparing glycols and process stages A, C, D, E, F and G for preparing di- and/or polyisocyanates,which comprises accomplishing the material coupling via the separation of the reaction mixture obtained in process stage A into process stages B and C, by in process stage A, reacting an aqueous alkylene oxide with carbon dioxide to give a reaction mixture comprising alkylene carbonate, hydrolyzing a portion of the alkylene carbonate-comprising reaction mixture obtained in process stage A to glycol in process stage B, dewatering the remaining alkylene carbonate-comprising stream of the reaction mixture from process stage A in process stage C, in process stage D, synthesizing amine by hydrogenating an aromatic nitro compound or a nitrile, in process stage E, transesterifying the dewatered alkylene carbonate-comprising mixture from process stage C with a monohydroxy alcohol to give the corresponding dialkyl carbonate, obtaining glycol as a coproduct, in process stage F, reacting the dialkyl carbonate-comprising reaction mixture obtained in process stage E with the amine obtained in process stage D to a mixture comprising the corresponding mono-, di- and/or polycarbamate, which in process stage G is cleaved to obtain the corresponding di- and/or polyisocyanate.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for separating the output from the reaction of EDDN or EDMN with hydrogen in the presence of THF, a catalyst, TETA or DETA, water, and optionally organic compounds having higher and lower boiling points than TETA or DETA. Hydrogen is removed, and the output is supplied to a distillation column DK1 in which an azeotrope, optionally comprising organic compounds with a boiling point lower than TETA or DETA, is removed from the top. A product comprising TETA or DETA is removed from the bottom and passed into a distillation column DK2, removing THF. A stream comprising TETA or DETA passes from the bottom of DK2. The DK1 azeotrope is condensed. Phase separation is induced by the addition of an organic solvent essentially immiscible with water, and the mixture is separated. The organic phase is recycled into DK1 and the water phase is discharged.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing aminopolycarboxylates proceeding from an amino acid which, in a first process step is reacted with ethylene oxide to give an intermediate mixture comprising the corresponding dialkanolamine, and then the intermediate mixture, in a second process step is converted catalytically using a base to the corresponding aminopolycarboxylate, wherein the amino acid, before the reaction with ethylene oxide in the first process step, is supplied to a partial neutralization with 0.70 to 0.99 equivalent of base per acid group, or, in the first process step, an amino acid which has already been partly neutralized with 0.70 to 0.99 equivalent of base per acid group is used.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by thermal dissociation of carbamates and separation by distillation of the reaction mixture from the carbamate dissociation, comprising the corresponding isocyanate and the corresponding alcohol, by distillation in a column (K) having an enrichment section (V) and a stripping section (A), where the carbamate (1) is introduced between the enrichment section (V) and the stripping section (A) and the isocyanate is taken off as a constituent of the bottom stream (2) and the alcohol is taken off as a constituent of the overhead stream (3) from the column (K), in the presence of an inert solvent, wherein an intermediate boiler having a boiling point between the boiling point of the isocyanate and the boiling point of the alcohol under the operating conditions of the carbamate dissociation is used as inert solvent and is fed as external runback (4) in liquid form in a purity of >95% by weight, based on the total weight of the external runback (4), in the upper region of the enrichment section (V) and as gaseous, superheated stream (5) into the lower region of stripping section (A) at one or more points.
摘要:
Process for preparing one or more complexing agents selected from methylglycinediacetic acid, glutamic acid diacetic acid and salts thereofProcess for preparing one or more complexing agents selected from methylglycinediacetic acid, glutamic acid diacetic acid and salts thereof by catalytic dehydrogenation of N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)alanine and/or N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glutamic acid and/or salts thereof in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide, where a catalyst comprising copper and zirconium dioxide is used, the activation of which is a reduction, wherein the precursor of the catalyst in question has a degree of crystallization K, defined as K = I K · 100 I K + I A , in the range from 0 to 50%.
摘要:
The present invention relates to polysaccharide derivatives having an adjusted particle morphology for use in the preparation of a hydraulic setting composition having an adjusted lump rating. The invention further relates to a method of adjusting the lump rating of a hydraulic setting composition comprising adjusting the particle morphology of a particulate polysaccharide derivative. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a hydraulic setting composition comprising a particulate polysaccharide derivative having an adjusted particle morphology. The invention is also directed to various uses of the particulate polysaccharide derivative having an adjusted particle morphology.
摘要:
A process for preparing amines of the formula (II) R1—NH—CH2—CH2—NH2 (II) in which R1 is hydrogen or radicals of the formula x is integers from zero to two, by reacting nitriles of the formula (I) R2—NH—CH2—CN (I) in which R2 is hydrogen or radicals of the formula and R3 is the NC— or H2N—CH2- radicals and x is integers from zero to two, with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst in suspension mode or in a fixed bed, wherein the space velocity on the catalyst, based on the catalyst surface area, is 10−6 to 10−4 kg of nitrile of the formula (I) per m2 of catalyst surface area and hour, the catalyst surface area being determined by the BET method.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for separating the output from the reaction of EDDN or EDMN with hydrogen in the presence of THF, a catalyst, TETA or DETA, water, and optionally organic compounds having higher and lower boiling points than TETA or DETA. Hydrogen is removed, and the output is supplied to a distillation column DK1 in which an azeotrope, optionally comprising organic compounds with a boiling point lower than TETA or DETA, is removed from the top. A product comprising TETA or DETA is removed from the bottom and passed cinto a distillation column DK2, removing THF. A stream comprising TETA or DETA passes from the bottom of DK2. The DK1 azeotrope is condensed. Phase separation is induced by the addition of an organic solvent essentially immiscible with water, and the mixture is separated. The organic phase is recycled into DK1 and the water phase is discharged.