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公开(公告)号：US20040106525A1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-03
申请号：US10605687
申请日：2003-10-17
发明人： Dean Willberg , Keith Dismuke
IPC分类号： E21B043/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/06 , C09K8/03 , C09K8/5045 , C09K8/506 , C09K8/72 , C09K8/74 , Y10S507/923 , Y10S507/933
摘要： A composition and method are given for self-destructive fluid loss additives and filter cakes in wellbores and subterranean formations. The fluid loss additives and filter cakes are formed from a mixture of particulate solid acid-precursors, such as a polylactic acid or a polyglycolic acid, and particulate solid acid-reactive materials, such as magnesium oxide or calcium carbonate. In the presence of water, the solid acid-precursors hydrolyze and dissolve, generating acids that then dissolve the solid acid-reactive materials. The composition is used in oilfield treatments such as drilling, completion and stimulation where it disappears when it is no longer needed without the use of mechanical means or injection of additional fluids.
摘要翻译： 给出了在井筒和地下地层中自毁失水添加剂和滤饼的组合物和方法。 流体损失添加剂和滤饼由颗粒状固体酸前体如聚乳酸或聚乙醇酸和颗粒状固体酸反应性材料如氧化镁或碳酸钙的混合物形成。 在水的存在下，固体酸前体水解和溶解，产生酸，然后溶解固体酸反应性材料。 该组合物用于油田处理，例如钻井，完井和刺激，当不再需要机械装置或注入另外的流体时，它就不再需要。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3922541A
公开(公告)日：1975-11-25
申请号：US42711073
申请日：1973-12-21
发明人： SEEMAN BRONISLAV
摘要： In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a technique for stabilizing the gain of a radiation detector is described. In this technique, a reference radiation source having a predetermined energy spectrum is located adjacent, or enclosed within, a scintillator of a radiation detector. Those signals produced by the radiation detector which represent energies within an energy range defined by the reference source energy spectrum are selected and used to determine the relationship between the energy spectrum of the reference source and the energy spectrum of the selected detector signals. From this relationship, a reference signal is generated which is used to adjust the radiation detector gain in a nonlinear manner to cause the energy spectrum of the selected radiation detector signals to correspond to that of the reference radiation source.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的说明性实施例，描述了一种用于稳定放射线检测器的增益的技术。 在该技术中，具有预定能谱的参考辐射源位于辐射探测器的闪烁体附近或封闭在其内。 由辐射检测器产生的表示由参考源能谱限定的能量范围内的能量的那些信号被选择并用于确定参考源的能谱与所选择的检测器信号的能谱之间的关系。 根据该关系，产生用于以非线性方式调节辐射探测器增益的参考信号，以使所选择的辐射检测器信号的能谱对应于参考辐射源的能谱。
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3.发明授权Methods of preventing cycle skipping in processing acoustic well-logging signals 失效预防循环滑行处理声音井记录信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US3900824A
公开(公告)日：1975-08-19
申请号：US33292673
申请日：1973-02-16
发明人： TROUILLER JEAN CLAUDE , LAFONT GUY
摘要： Method and apparatus for correcting measurement errors due to cycle skipping in acoustic-wave transit time measurements. The measurement made during sequence N-1 is stored in an auxiliary memory and compared with the next measurement (sequence N). If the difference between the two successive measurements is smaller than a given fraction of the average period of the acoustic waves used, the measurement of sequence N is transmitted to a measurement memory and recorded. Otherwise, it is the last measurement considered good which is recorded. Moreover, in case of erroneous measurement, the transfer of the control signal for the gain applied to the reception signal is stopped and the gain remains at its former value. Significant improvement in the quality of acoustic well-logging recordings is achieved.
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公开(公告)号：US3900733A
公开(公告)日：1975-08-19
申请号：US32637973
申请日：1973-01-24
发明人： SEEMAN BRONISLAV
摘要： In a tool for measuring the density of the geological formations traversed by a borehole, an apparatus corrects the effects of barite on the count rate of the pulses which are used for the density measurement and have an amplitude higher than a given threshold, by determining the deformations in the amplitude spectrum of these pulses and adjusting this threshold so as to compensate by the variation in the number of pulses taken into account, resulting from the adjustment, for the variation in the number of counted pulses resulting from the said deformations.
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公开(公告)号：US3890501A
公开(公告)日：1975-06-17
申请号：US35615073
申请日：1973-05-01
摘要： Apparatus and methods for verifying the validity of data derived at least in part by neutron logging of earth formations, and, where indicated, for affording neutron diffusion-corrected values of such data, are disclosed. In the illustrative embodiments described, an earth formation is irradiated with discrete pulses of high-energy neutrons, and a neutron characteristic of the formation is measured at a first location spaced from the neutron source by observing the neutron population decay at that location during a time period between pulses that is a function of a like earlier measurement of the neutron characteristic. The neutron population decay at a second location in the formation is also measured during a time period that is functionally related to a measured value of the neutron characteristic, conveniently the earlier measured value at the first location. An indication is then derived in response to the population decay measurement at the second location of the validity, specifically, of either the earlier or current value of the neutron characteristic measured at the first location as a measure of the intrinsic value of the neutron characteristic and, generally, of the validity of other neutron-logging derived data as well. Advantageously, the neutron characteristic measured is a thermal neutron absorption characteristic of the formation, such as the thermal decay time constant. In effect, apparent values of the neutron characteristic are observed at both measurement locations and a comparison of these observations made to determine the extent of correlation therebetween. Close agreement of the apparent values indicates an accurate measurement of the intrinsic formation characteristic. Substantial disagreement betweenthe apparent values evidences that perturbational effects have significantly influenced the neutron characteristic measurement and that appropriate correction of the measurement should be made.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于验证至少部分地球地球记录的数据的有效性的装置和方法，以及用于提供这种数据的中子扩散校正值的指示。 在所描述的说明性实施例中，用离散脉冲的高能中子照射地层，并且在与中子源隔开的第一位置处测量地层的中子特征，通过在一段时间内观察该位置的中子群体衰减 脉冲之间的时间间隔是早先的中子特性测量的函数。 在与地中海特征的测量值功能相关的时间段内，也可以在第一个位置的较早的测量值方便地测量地层中第二个位置的中子群体衰减。 响应于有效性的第二位置处的群体衰减测量，特别是在第一位置处测量的中子特征的较早或当前值作为中子特征的固有值的量度，得出指示，以及 一般来说，也是其他中子测井导出数据的有效性。 有利地，测量的中子特性是地层的热中子吸收特性，例如热衰减时间常数。 实际上，在两个测量位置都观察到中子特征的明显值，并且对这些观察结果进行比较以确定它们之间的相关程度。 表观值的紧密一致表明内在形成特征的精确测量。 明显值之间的明显不同意味着扰动影响显着影响了中子特征测量，并应进行适当的测量校正。
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公开(公告)号：US3889307A
公开(公告)日：1975-06-17
申请号：US43212674
申请日：1974-01-09
CPC分类号： E21B41/10 , B63B22/06 , B63B2205/06 , B63B2209/04
摘要： In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a remote-controlled, immersed buoy that makes it possible to connect an object placed on the ocean floor to the surface by means of a wire rope comprises a body member kept in the immersed position by a latching assembly capable of being freed by a beacon upon the reception of an acoustic signal. A wire rope attached to an anchoring element winds on a drum as the buoy is raised. A removable electric motor is used to wind the wire rope on its drum to bring the buoy to the immersed position.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的说明性实施例，使用可以通过钢丝绳将放置在海底上的物体与表面连接的远程控制的浸入式浮标包括：主体构件，其通过 在接收到声信号时能够被信标释放的锁定组件。 当浮标升起时，连接到锚固元件的钢丝绳卷绕在滚筒上。 使用可拆卸的电动机将钢丝绳卷绕在其滚筒上以将浮标带到浸没位置。
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公开(公告)号：US3864569A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-04
申请号：US35106073
申请日：1973-04-13
发明人： TITTMAN JAY
CPC分类号： G01V5/125
摘要： A specific embodiment of the invention identifies the chemical composition of an earth formation and compensates for mudcake during well logging. The formation is irradiated with photons that have energies less than about 1 mev. A low energy gamma radiation detector is positioned close to the gamma radiation source primarily to measure borehole parameters, while a second low energy gamma radiation detector, spaced more distantly from the gamma ray source, measures borehole characteristics and the mineral composition of the formation. The signals from the detectors are normalized and combined to produce an output that identifies formation lithology and effective mudcake thickness.
摘要翻译： 本发明的具体实施例识别地层的化学成分并在测井期间补偿泥饼。 用能量小于约1兆伏的光子照射地层。 低能伽马辐射探测器主要靠近伽马辐射源定位，以测量钻孔参数，而距离伽马射线源更远的间隔的第二个低能伽马辐射探测器测量地层的钻孔特征和矿物组成。 来自检测器的信号被归一化并组合以产生识别地层岩性和有效泥饼厚度的输出。
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公开(公告)号：US3859851A
公开(公告)日：1975-01-14
申请号：US42412273
申请日：1973-12-12
发明人： URBANOSKY HAROLD J
CPC分类号： E21B49/10
摘要： In the representative embodiments of the new and improved methods and apparatus for testing earth formations disclosed herein, fluid-admitting means are placed into sealing engagement with a potentially-productive earth formation. A first test chamber coupled to the fluid-admitting means is then slowly expanded at a known rate of expansion to induct a minor volume of producible connate fluids, if any, from the formation into the chamber. Thereafter, a second test chamber also coupled to the fluid-admitting means is quickly expanded at a known higher expansion rate to induct a second minor volume of connate fluids into the second chamber. By monitoring the resulting fluid pressures as these first and second samples are successively inducted, reliable surface indications are quickly provided of at least the approximate flow rates at which large-volume samples can be subsequently collected from the earth formation.
摘要翻译： 在本文公开的用于测试地层的新的和改进的方法和装置的代表性实施例中，流体允许装置被放置成与潜在有效的地层密封接合。 然后，以已知的膨胀速率缓慢地膨胀耦合到流体允许装置的第一测试室，以将少量可生产的合生液体（如果有的话）从地层引入室中。 此后，还耦合到流体允许装置的第二测试室以已知的较高膨胀速率快速膨胀，以将第二小体积的原生流体引入第二室。 通过监测所得到的流体压力，因为这些第一和第二样品被连续地引入，可以至少提供至少近似流速的可靠的表面指示，在该近似流速下可随后从地层中收集大量样品。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for automatic correction of measured thermal neutron decay time 失效用于自动校正测量的热中性衰减时间的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3859524A
公开(公告)日：1975-01-07
申请号：US25746272
申请日：1972-05-26
发明人： NELLIGAN WILLIAM B
CPC分类号： G01V5/102
摘要： An illustrative embodiment of the invention discloses a technique for converting pulse neutron measurements of certain parameters relating to properties of strata adjacent to a well bore into more accurate indications of those properties. More particularly, thermal neutron decay time measurements, which are usually indicative of the chemical compositon of formation fluids, have been subject to hitherto unrecognized sources of error. These measurement conversions are accomplished through the application of predetermined factors derived from parameters that introduced the errors into the measurements. Typically, a compensation is made for the borehold or casing pipe diameter and the salinity of the fluid in the borehole to establish a more accurate indication of the neutron properties of adjacent formations.
摘要翻译： 本发明的说明性实施例公开了一种用于将与井眼相邻的层的属性相关的某些参数的脉冲中子测量转换成更精确的这些特性的指示的技术。 更具体地，通常表示地层流体的化学组成的热中子衰变时间测量已经经历迄今未被认识的误差源。 这些测量转换通过应用从将误差引入到测量中的参数导出的预定因子来实现。 通常，对钻孔或套管直径和钻孔中流体的盐度进行补偿，以建立相邻地层的中子特性的更准确的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US3858037A
公开(公告)日：1974-12-31
申请号：US32461973
申请日：1973-01-18
CPC分类号： G01V5/12
摘要： A specific embodiment of the invention provides a technique for identifying the mineral composition of an earth formation masked by a barite mudcake. The gamma radiation intensities on both sides of the K absorption limit for the barium in the mudcake are contracted with a normalized gamma radiation spectrum of the formation. The contrast indicates the nature of the mineral composition and some characteristics of the mudcake.
摘要翻译： 本发明的具体实施方案提供了用于鉴定被重晶石泥饼掩蔽的地层的矿物组成的技术。 泥饼中钡的K吸收极限两侧的伽马辐射强度与地层的归一化伽马辐射光谱收缩。 对比表明矿物组成的性质和泥饼的一些特征。
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