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1.发明授权Exothermic process with porous means to control reaction rate and exothermic heat 失效放热过程用多孔手段来控制反应速率和放热
公开(公告)号：US5583240A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US205183
申请日：1994-03-02
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01D63/06 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/02 , B01J4/04 , B01J8/00 , B01J8/06 , B01J10/00 , B01J12/00 , B01J14/00 , B01J19/24 , C07B41/04 , C07B45/02 , C07B61/00
CPC分类号： B01D67/0088 , B01D63/061 , B01D67/0041 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/02 , B01J10/007 , B01J12/007 , B01J14/005 , B01J19/2425 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/06 , B01J8/067 , B01D2323/08 , B01J2208/00008 , B01J2208/00265 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00548 , B01J2208/00575 , Y02P20/582
摘要： An exothermic process for forming a product which may be in a liquid phase is disclosed wherein a first reactant, preferably a liquid reactant, is directly fed into a reaction zone containing mixing elements and which comprises a first compartment of a reactor. A second reactant, which is maintained at a higher pressure, is fed into a second compartment of the reactor separated from the first compartment by a porous wall. The second reactant passes through this porous wall into the reaction zone to react with the first reactant. The process thereby controls rates of the reactions and the exothermic heats generated by the reactions. Pulsatile flow in one or both reaction compartments improves mixing. An evaporator for a portion of the product improves product quality and permits higher reaction temperatures in the reactor.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于形成可能处于液相的产物的放热方法，其中将第一反应物，优选液体反应物直接进料到含有混合元件的反应区中，并且其包含反应器的第一隔室。 保持在较高压力下的第二反应物通过多孔壁进料到与第一隔室分离的第二反应室中。 第二反应物通过该多孔壁进入反应区以与第一反应物反应。 该方法由此控制由反应产生的反应速率和放热。 一个或两个反应室中的脉动流改善混合。 用于产品的一部分的蒸发器提高产品质量并允许反应器中的较高反应温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4390521A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US139479
申请日：1980-04-11
申请人： Thomas A. Davis , William J. Asher
发明人： Thomas A. Davis , William J. Asher
IPC分类号： A61K38/16 , A61K9/107 , A61K9/50 , A61K35/18 , A61K38/00 , A61M1/36 , C07K14/805 , A01N25/28 , A61K9/64 , B01J13/02
CPC分类号： A61K35/18 , A61K9/5068 , C07K14/805 , A61K38/00 , A61M1/3693 , A61M2202/0433 , Y10T428/2984
摘要： Artificial red cells have been prepared which comprise microdroplets of stroma-free, aqueous hemoglobin solution encapsulated in polymerized hemoglobin membranes which ae permeable to oxygen and impermeable to hemoglobin. These artificial red cells can be made having diameters generally less than four microns are able to maintain their individual integrity under conditions of flow with shear rates of up to about 2.times.10.sup.5 sec.sup.-1.
摘要翻译： 已经制备人造红细胞，其包含无基质的含水血红蛋白溶液的微滴，该溶液包封在聚合血红蛋白膜中，其可透氧并且不可渗透血红蛋白。 这些人造红细胞可以制成直径通常小于4微米，能够在剪切速率高达约2×105秒-1的流动条件下保持其个体完整性。
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公开(公告)号：US4376059A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-08
申请号：US139454
申请日：1980-04-11
申请人： Thomas A. Davis , William J. Asher
发明人： Thomas A. Davis , William J. Asher
IPC分类号： A61K38/16 , A61K9/107 , A61K9/50 , A61K35/18 , A61K38/00 , A61P7/08 , C07K14/805 , B01J13/02 , A01N25/28 , A61K9/64
CPC分类号： C07K14/805 , A61K35/18 , A61K9/5068 , A61K38/00 , Y10T436/101666
摘要： A process for preparing artificial red cells comprising microdroplets of aqueous, stroma-free hemoglobin solution encapsulated in membranes of polymerized hemoglobin, said process comprising forming microdroplets of hemoglobin solution in a continuous oil phase, cross-linking the hemoglobin at the surface of the microdroplets with a suitable cross-linking agent to form the artificial red cells and recovering the cells. In one embodiment, a liquid membrane encapsulation technique employing a water-soluble cross-linking agent is used to form the cells. In another embodiment an oil-soluble cross-linking agent is present in the oil phase containing the hemoglobin microdroplets.
摘要翻译： 一种制备人造红细胞的方法，包括包封在聚合血红蛋白的膜中的含水基质的血红蛋白溶液的微滴，所述方法包括在连续油相中形成血红蛋白溶液的微滴，将微滴表面的血红蛋白与 合适的交联剂以形成人造红细胞并回收细胞。 在一个实施方案中，使用采用水溶性交联剂的液膜封装技术来形成细胞。 在另一个实施方案中，油溶性交联剂存在于含有血红蛋白微滴的油相中。
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公开(公告)号：US4201691A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-06
申请号：US869837
申请日：1978-01-16
申请人： William J. Asher , Hsue C. Tsien
发明人： William J. Asher , Hsue C. Tsien
CPC分类号： B01F3/0807 , B01D61/40 , B01F5/04 , B01F5/0476 , B01F2003/0834 , B01F2215/0431 , Y10S261/26 , Y10S516/924 , Y10S516/928
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for generating a multiple phase dispersion and distributing said multiple phase dispersion as globules in a suspension phase. The apparatus comprises a conduit for introducing a first fluid under pressure into a first zone including a porous fluid dispersing layer. This first zone is in fluid communication with a second zone through the porous fluid dispersing layer. The second zone has introduced into it a second fluid under pressure through inlets. The first fluid is dispersed as bubble-like micro droplets in the second fluid by passage from the first zone through the fluid dispersing layer into the fluid in the second zone. An outlet zone is in contact with the second zone and comprises a perforated nonporous layer having an outer and inner surface and includes a porous flow distribution layer substantially in contact with the inner second zone facing surface of the nonporous layer. The multiple phase dispersion formed in the second zone enters the outlet zone through the porous flow distribution layer and exits the outlet zone as globules of predetermined size through the perforations where the outer surface of said perforated nonporous layer forms an interface with a suspension phase which is immiscible with the second fluid.The instant invention further relates to a process for generating multiple phase dispersions as globules in a suspension phase.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生多相色散并将所述多相色散分布为悬浮相中的小球的装置。 该装置包括用于将第一流体在压力下引入包括多孔流体分散层的第一区域的导管。 该第一区域通过多孔流体分散层与第二区域流体连通。 第二个区域通过入口向压力下引入第二个流体。 第一流体通过从第一区域通过流体分散层通入第二区域中的流体而分散成第二流体中的气泡状微滴。 出口区域与第二区域接触并且包括具有外表面和内表面的穿孔无孔层，并且包括基本上与无孔层的内部第二区域面向表面接触的多孔流动分布层。 形成在第二区中的多相分散体通过多孔流分布层进入出口区，并通过穿孔穿过出孔离开出口区，其中所述穿孔无孔层的外表面与悬浮相形成界面 与第二流体不混溶。 本发明还涉及一种在悬浮相中产生作为小球的多相分散体的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4183962A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-15
申请号：US869838
申请日：1978-01-16
申请人： William J. Asher
发明人： William J. Asher
CPC分类号： A61K9/0026 , A61K31/02 , A61K31/025 , A61M1/1698 , B01D61/40 , A61M1/32 , A61M2202/0476 , Y10S514/959
摘要： The instant invention relates to an improved process for oxygenating blood comprising: contacting said blood with oxygen-containing bubbles, said bubbles being coated with a liquid membrane, said liquid membrane phase permitting the permeation of oxygen into the blood whereby at least a portion of said oxygen passes through said membrane and into said blood; removing said liquid membrane coated bubbles as a three phase foam comprising gas bubbles coated with said liquid membrane suspended in blood; and coalescing said foam comprising gas bubbbles to form three separate bulk phases comprising the liquid membrane phase, a gaseous phase and a blood phase, wherein the improvement comprises a liquid membrane phase comprising a biologically non-retainable liquid halocarbon compound. These liquid membrane formulations having a membrane phase comprising a biologically non-retainable liquid halocarbon compound exhibit improved coalescing characteristics.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种改善血液充氧的方法，包括：使所述血液与含氧气泡接触，所述气泡被液膜包覆，所述液膜相允许氧气渗入血液，由此至少部分所述 氧气通过所述膜并进入所述血液; 将所述液膜涂覆的气泡作为包含悬浮在血液中的所述液膜涂覆的气泡的三相泡沫体去除; 并且将包含气体泡沫的所述泡沫聚结以形成包括液体膜相，气相和血液相的三个分离的体相，其中所述改进包括包含生物不可保持的液体卤化碳化合物的液体膜相。 具有包含生物学上不可保持的液体卤化碳化合物的膜相的这些液体膜制剂表现出改进的聚结特性。
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公开(公告)号：US5936106A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US761598
申请日：1996-12-06
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01D63/06 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/02 , B01J4/04 , B01J8/00 , B01J8/06 , B01J10/00 , B01J12/00 , B01J14/00 , B01J19/24 , C07B41/04 , C07B45/02 , C07B61/00 , C07C53/00
CPC分类号： B01D67/0088 , B01D63/061 , B01D67/0041 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/02 , B01J10/007 , B01J12/007 , B01J14/005 , B01J19/2425 , B01J19/2475 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/06 , B01J8/067 , B01D2323/08 , B01J2208/00008 , B01J2208/00265 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00548 , B01J2208/00575 , Y02P20/582
摘要： An process for forming a product which may be in a liquid phase is disclosed wherein a first reactant, preferably a liquid reactant, is directly fed into a reaction zone containing mixing elements and which comprises a first compartment of a reactor. A second reactant, which is maintained at a higher pressure, is fed into a second compartment of the reactor separated from the first compartment by a porous wall. The second reactant passes through this porous wall into the reaction zone to react with the first reactant. The process thereby controls rates of the reactions and the exothermic heats generated by the reactions. Pulsatile flow in one or both reaction compartments improves mixing. An evaporator for a portion of the product improves product quality and permits higher reaction temperatures in the reactor.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于形成可能处于液相的产物的方法，其中将第一反应物，优选液体反应物直接进料到含有混合元件的反应区中并且包含反应器的第一隔室。 保持在较高压力下的第二反应物通过多孔壁进料到与第一隔室分离的第二反应室中。 第二反应物通过该多孔壁进入反应区以与第一反应物反应。 该方法由此控制由反应产生的反应速率和放热。 一个或两个反应室中的脉动流改善混合。 用于产品的一部分的蒸发器提高产品质量并允许反应器中的较高反应温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5693230A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-02
申请号：US591792
申请日：1996-01-25
申请人： William J. Asher
发明人： William J. Asher
CPC分类号： B01D63/027 , B01D53/22 , B01D61/00 , B01D63/026 , B01D63/043 , B01J15/005 , B01J19/2475 , B01J4/04 , B01D2313/42 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00164
摘要： A hollow fiber contactor and process for fluid treatment having forced circulation with entry of fluid to be treated through the open ended lumen of a porous input hollow fiber having its opposite end closed and exit of treated fluid through the open ended lumen of an adjacent or nearby porous output hollow fiber having its opposite end closed. Fluid to be treated passes through the porous wall of an input hollow fiber, passes in contact with a treatment medium between the input and output hollow fibers forming treated fluid which passes through the porous wall of an output hollow fiber and exits the process. This invention provides high contact with treatment medium between the hollow fibers, especially suitable for selective sorption for gas purification or separation and for conduct of catalytic reactions.
摘要翻译： 一种用于流体处理的中空纤维接触器和方法，其具有强制循环，通过多孔输入中空纤维的开放式内腔进入待处理的流体，其相对端通过相邻或附近的开放式管腔封闭和排出经处理的流体 多孔输出中空纤维的相对端封闭。 要处理的流体通过输入中空纤维的多孔壁，与输入和输出中空纤维之间的处理介质接触，形成经过输出中空纤维的多孔壁的处理过的流体，并离开该过程。 本发明提供与中空纤维之间的处理介质的高度接触，特别适用于气体净化或分离的选择性吸附和催化反应的进行。
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8.发明授权Process for separating material from mixture using displacement chromatography 失效使用置换色谱法从混合物中分离物质的方法
公开(公告)号：US5427686A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-27
申请号：US223165
申请日：1994-04-05
申请人： William J. Asher
发明人： William J. Asher
IPC分类号： G01N30/14 , B01D15/08 , B01D15/42 , B01J39/26 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/40 , G01N30/46 , G01N30/50
CPC分类号： B01D15/422 , B01J39/26 , G01N30/02
摘要： A separation process is described for separating a known material from a mixture of materials (which may contain unknown materials) using displacement chromatography. The process comprises passing a mixture of materials, including a known material to be recovered, dissolved in a liquid carrier, if necessary, through a first packed column and into a second packed column until all of the known material has passed through the first column and has been loaded onto the stationary phase packing in the second column. A displacement agent, capable of being more strongly bound on the stationary phase packing in the second column than the known material, is then passed through the second column to displace from that column all of the materials in the mixture less strongly bound than the known material, and then to displace the known material from the second column. The columns are then regenerated, preferably by passing a carrier directly through column 2 (in the forward direction of flow) and then passing the effluent from column 2 through column 1 in a reverse direction. The flow through column 2 is continued until all of the displacement agent has been removed from column 2. In one embodiment, a solvent is also counter flushed through the first column to dissolve any precipitates therein.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用置换色谱法将已知材料与材料（可能含有未知材料）的混合物分离的分离方法。 该方法包括将必要时溶解在液体载体中的已知待回收材料混合物通过第一填充柱并通入第二填充柱直到所有已知材料通过第一柱和 已经被装载到第二列中的固定相包装上。 然后通过第二塔将能够比第二塔更牢固地结合在第二塔中的固定相填料的置换剂从该塔中排出，使混合物中的所有材料与已知材料的强结合 ，然后从第二列中移位已知的材料。 然后将柱再生，优选通过使载体直接通过塔2（沿向前的流动方向），然后使反应出口从塔2通过塔1。 通过塔2的流动继续进行，直到所有置换剂从塔2中移出。在一个实施方案中，溶剂也通过第一塔反冲洗以溶解其中的任何沉淀物。
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公开(公告)号：US4196077A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-01
申请号：US633378
申请日：1975-11-19
CPC分类号： C02F11/002
摘要： Substantial dewatering of a secondary sewage sludge stream is obtained by admixing same with various hydrocarbon oils, the initial sludge/oil weight ratio being maintained in an amount less than 0.6, at shear rates of at least 130 seconds.sup.-1, and allowing the mixture thus formed to settle at temperatures of at least 72.degree. F. Substantially complete disposal of the solids thus removed from the secondary sludge stream can be achieved by subjecting same to evaporation and incineration processes.
摘要翻译： 通过将其与各种烃油混合，初始污泥/油重量比在至少130秒-1的剪切速率下保持小于0.6的初始污泥/油重量比获得二次污水污泥流的大量脱水，并且允许混合物 形成为在至少72°F的温度下沉降。通过对其进行蒸发和焚烧处理，可以实现对从第二污泥流中除去的固体的基本完全处理。
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公开(公告)号：US4398927A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-16
申请号：US324463
申请日：1981-11-24
CPC分类号： B01D53/04 , B01D53/261 , F24F3/1411 , F24F3/1423 , B01D2259/40088 , B01D2259/4009 , B01D53/06 , F24F2203/1016 , F24F2203/1036 , F24F2203/104 , F24F2203/1056 , F24F2203/1072 , F24F2203/108 , F24F2203/1084
摘要： A cyclic adsorption process is provided in which two zones are employed--an adsorption zone and a heat storage zone. A fluid stream containing a solute to be removed therefrom is passed through the adsorption zone and the effluent is then passed through heat storage zone. The conditions under which the stream is passed through the adsorption zone are selected so that the rate of progression of the heat transfer front and mass transfer front are substantially equal. This results in an optimum temperature of the effluent stream for efficient heat recovery in the heat storage zone. During regeneration of the adsorbent, a fluid regenerating stream is passed through the heat storage zone where it is partially heated. At a point between the adsorption zone and the heat storage zone the regenerating fluid stream is further heated, via an additional heat source, and passed through the adsorbent zone. The amount of additional heat is sufficient to effectively desorb the adsorbent. Alternatively, of course, a pressure reduction and a combination of heat addition and pressure reduction may be employed to desorb the adsorbent.
摘要翻译： 提供了循环吸附方法，其中使用两个区域 - 吸附区和储热区。 将含有待除去溶质的流体流通过吸附区，然后将流出物通过储热区。 选择流通过吸附区的条件，使得传热正面和传质前沿的速度基本相等。 这导致流出物流的最佳温度用于在储热区域中有效的热回收。 在吸附剂的再生期间，流体再生物流通过其部分加热的储热区。 在吸附区和储热区之间，再生流体流经另外的热源被进一步加热并通过吸附区。 额外的热量足以有效地解吸吸附剂。 或者，当然可以使用减压和加热和减压的组合来解吸吸附剂。
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