摘要:
A tandem-type organic photoelectric conversion element has at least a first electrode, a second electrode, and a plurality of bulk heterojunction layers each comprising a p-type organic semiconductor material and an n-type organic semiconductor material. The tandem-type organic photoelectric conversion element and a solar battery are characterized in that when the absorption wavelengths of the bulk heterojunction layers are such that a second bulk heterojunction layer absorbs up to a longer wavelength than a first bulk heterojunction layer, the LUMO energy level (LUMO(n1)) of the film of the n-type semiconductor in the first bulk heterojunction layer and the LUMO energy level (LUMO(n2)) of the film of the n-type semiconductor in the second bulk heterojunction layer satisfy the following equation (1): 0.4 eV≧LUMO(n1)−LUMO(n2)≧0.1 eV (1).
摘要:
Provided is a lightweight flexible lighting device with excellent durability and stable performance over repeated use that combines an organic electroluminescent element, an organic photoelectric conversion element, and a secondary cell. The lighting device has a control means for controlling the electrical connections of the organic electroluminescent element, the organic photoelectric conversion element, and the secondary cell. The control means controls the electrical connections such that a reverse bias voltage is applied to the organic electroluminescent element when the organic electroluminescent element receives light, generates power, and charges the secondary cell, and such that a reverse bias voltage is applied to the organic photoelectric conversion element when the organic electroluminescent element is supplied with power from the secondary cell and emits light.
摘要:
Disclosed is an organic photoelectric conversion element having high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high durability. Also disclosed are a solar cell and an optical sensor array, each using the organic photoelectric conversion element. The organic photoelectric conversion element comprises a bulk heterojunction layer wherein an n-type semiconductor material and a p-type semiconductor material are mixed. The organic photoelectric conversion element is characterized in that the n-type semiconductor material is a polymer compound and the p-type semiconductor material is a low-molecular-weight compound.
摘要:
Provided is an organic photoelectric conversion element containing: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic photoelectric conversion layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode comprises: a conductive fiber layer; and a transparent conductive layer containing a conductive polymer comprising a π conjugated conductive polymer and a polyanion, and an aqueous binder, and at least a part of the transparent conductive layer containing the conductive polymer and the aqueous binder is cross-linked therein.
摘要:
Disclosed is an organic photoelectric conversion element which has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent temperature stability with respect to power generation. The organic photoelectric conversion element comprises at least one photoelectric conversion layer and at least one carrier transport layer between a first electrode and a second electrode, and is characterized in that the carrier transport layer contains the salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or the complex thereof of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
摘要:
A photomask blank which is capable of preventing static buildup caused by electron beam pattern drawing for forming a resist pattern. The photomask blank provides a good pattern accuracy through optimization of the dry etching rate along the depth direction of the shielding film, and is capable of reducing the dry etching time by increasing the dry etching rate of the shielding film. The photomask blank includes a translucent substrate having thereon a shielding film composed mainly of chromium and the shielding film contains hydrogen. The shielding film is formed in such a manner that the film formation rate of the layer at the surface side is lower than the film formation rate of the layer at the translucent substrate side of the shielding film. The dry etching rate of the shielding film is lower at the translucent substrate side than at the surface side.
摘要:
A mask blank and transfer mask that overcomes problems caused by an electromagnetic field (EMF) effect when the DRAM half pitch (hp) specified in semiconductor device design specifications is 32 nm or less. The mask blank is used in manufacturing a transfer mask to which ArF exposure light is applied, and includes a light shielding film 10 having a multilayer structure. The multilayer structure includes a light shielding layer 11 and a surface anti-reflection layer 12 formed on a transparent substrate 1. An auxiliary light shielding film 20 is formed on the light shielding film 10. The light shielding film 10 has a thickness of 40 nm or less and an optical density of 2.0 or more to 2.7 or less for exposure light. The optical density for exposure light in the multilayer structure of the light shielding film 10 and the auxiliary light shielding film 20 is 2.8 or more.
摘要:
There are provided a photomask blank which is capable of preventing static buildup caused by electron beam pattern drawing for forming a resist pattern, a photomask blank which provides a good pattern accuracy through optimization of the dry etching rate along the depth direction of the shielding film, and a photomask blank which is capable of reducing the dry etching time by increasing the dry etching rate of the shielding film.The photomask blank of the present invention includes a translucent substrate having thereon a shielding film composed mainly of chromium and the shielding film contains hydrogen. The shielding film is formed in such a manner that the film formation rate of the layer at the surface side is lower than the film formation rate of the layer at the translucent substrate side of the shielding film. The dry etching rate of the shielding film is lower at the translucent substrate side than at the surface side.
摘要:
Disclosed is a phase shift mask blank (11) that can prevent the occurrence of a loading effect. The phase shift mask blank (11) includes a phase shift film (5) containing silicon, a light-shielding film (2) made of a material resistant to etching of the phase shift film (5), and an etching mask film (3) made of an inorganic material resistant to etching of the light-shielding film (2), which are formed in this order on a substrate (1) transparent to exposure light. Assuming that the thickness of the phase shift film (5) is t1, the etching rate of the phase shift film (5) by dry etching with an etchant using the etching mask film (3) and the light-shielding film (2) as a mask is v1, the thickness of the etching mask film (3) is t2, and the etching rate of the etching mask film (3) by dry etching with the above etchant is v2, (t1/v1)≦(t2/v2) is satisfied.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a mask blank glass substrate or mask blank that includes a mark forming step, and a mask blank glass substrate or mask blank that includes a mark. The mark is a pit formed by irradiating laser light onto a mirror-like surface in an area, having no influence on transfer, on a surface of the mask blank glass substrate. The pit is used as a marker for individually identifying or managing the mask blank glass substrate. The marker may be correlated with information including at least one of substrate information about the mask blank glass substrate, thin film information about the mask pattern thin film, and resist film information about the resist film. A mask blank glass substrate with marker correlated to at least one of the resist film information and thin film information may be used to manufacture a new mask blank.