摘要:
Provided is a magnetic tunneling junction device including a first structure including a magnetic layer; a second structure including at least two extrinsic perpendicular magnetization structures, each including a magnetic layer and; a perpendicular magnetization inducing layer on the magnetic layer; and a tunnel barrier between the first and second structures.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an advanced metering infrastructure system that includes electronic meters, each of which being configured to measure and store an amount of energy consumed by each customer and provided with a slave communication modem, a data concentrator for collecting meter data from the electronic meters via a master communication modem that performs wired/wireless communication with the slave communication modems of the electronic meters, and a meter reading server for receiving and managing the meter data collected by the data concentrator. The master communication modem and each of the slave communication modems implement mutual communication interfaces using a protocol stack. The protocol stack includes a network layer, an application layer, and a modem performance analysis layer disposed between the network layer and the application layer and configured to analyze quality of a communication link between the master communication modem and each slave communication modem.
摘要:
Provided is a magnetic tunneling junction device including a first structure including a magnetic layer; a second structure including at least two extrinsic perpendicular magnetization structures, each including a magnetic layer and; a perpendicular magnetization inducing layer on the magnetic layer; and a tunnel barrier between the first and second structures.
摘要:
A method for fabricating a nonvolatile memory device is provided. The method includes forming a transistor including an impurity region formed in a substrate, forming a first interlayer insulation layer covering the transistor, the first interlayer insulation layer including a protrusion overlapping the impurity region, and forming an information storage unit on the protrusion, the information storage unit exposing side surfaces of the protrusion using point cusp magnetron-physical vapor deposition (PCM-PVD) and electrically connected to the impurity region.
摘要:
A magnetic tunnel junction element is provided. The magnetic tunnel junction element has first magnetic layer and second magnetic layer formed adjacent, e.g., on lower and upper portions of an insulating layer, respectively and each having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, a magnetic field adjustment layer formed on the second magnetic layer and having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and a bather layer formed between the magnetic field adjustment layer and the second magnetic layer. The second magnetic layer and the magnetic field adjustment layer are magnetically decoupled from each other.
摘要:
A washing machine includes a wash tub in which wash water is stored, and a water supply hose to supply the wash water into the wash tub. Movement of the wash water through the water supply hose is carried out by a hydraulic pressure of an external water supply source in an entire region of the water supply hose.
摘要:
Image processing apparatus and methods perform effective labeling of objects in an image while advantageously requiring only a small memory. The apparatus and methods practicably and effectively implement various applications, in particular, a detection technique for determination of a detection target. The apparatus comprises a detection unit for detecting values of pixels adjacent to a target pixel within a transformation matrix area of a binary image. The apparatus also includes a labeling unit for assigning a label value to the target pixel. The assigned label value is either a new value or the value existing in the pixels adjacent the target pixel, depending on the value of the adjacent pixels' label.
摘要:
Provided are a system and method for providing an Application Program Interface (API) program of a mobile terminal. A system for providing an API program of a mobile terminal to a program terminal includes: a program terminal for building a memory according to information about a memory size allocated by a mobile terminal and receiving an API program having a size corresponding to the memory size; and a mobile terminal for allocating a memory in response to a request of the program terminal, copying the API program to the memory according to the information about the allocated memory size, and transmitting the copied API program to the program terminal.
摘要:
A vertical-cavity surface emitting laser includes a substrate and a first mirror that is grown on the substrate, a second mirror grown on the first mirror for resonating the first mirror and light, an active layer between the first mirror and the second mirror for generating and amplifying the light, an upper electrode grown on the active layer and a lower electrode formed on the first mirror for supplying current to the active layer, a planarizing polymer formed on the first mirror for burying the active layer and the second layer, and a first external terminal extending from the upper electrode in a vertical upward direction to be exposed to the top surface of the planarizing polymer and a second external terminal extending from the lower electrode to expose its one surface to the top surface of the planarizing polymer.
摘要:
An integrated optical device having at least two optical devices integrated therein and a method of fabricating the integrated optical device are provided. To fabricate an integrated optical device having optically connected and electrically isolated first and second optical devices on a substrate of a first conductive type, an active layer and a clad layer of a second conductive type are first formed in a mesa structure on the substrate, an SI clad layer is then formed on the substrate surrounding the clad layer of the second conductive type and the active layer, and finally first and second conductive layers are formed into trenches by diffusing a dopant of the second conductive type into the SI clad layer in areas corresponding to the first and second optical devices.