Abstract:
The invention broadly encompasses energy storage devices or systems and more specifically relates to methods of enhancing the performance of electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), or supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, and devices formed therefrom. In some embodiments, the invention relates generally to energy storage devices, such as EDLCs that use phosphonium-based electrolytes and methods for treating such devices to enhance their performance and operation. Embodiments of the invention further encompass conventional ammonium based electrolytes and phosphonium-based electrolytes comprised of phosphonium ionic liquids, salts, and compositions employed in such EDLCs.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention relates generally to the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCB's) or printed wiring boards (PWB's), and particularly to methods for treating smooth copper surfaces to increase the adhesion between a copper surface and an organic substrate. More particularly, embodiments of the present invention related to methods of achieving improved bonding strength of PCBs without roughening the topography of the copper surface. The bonding interface between the treated copper and the resin layer of the PCB exhibits excellent resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals involved in post-lamination process steps.
Abstract:
A solvent composition comprising an organic solvent; dispersed nanoparticles; and a non-volatile electrolyte is provided. A method of forming a liquid composite composition is provided.
Abstract:
A solvent composition comprising an organic solvent; dispersed nanoparticles; and a non-volatile electrolyte is provided. A method of forming a liquid composite composition is provided.