摘要:
A water absorbent water insoluble polymeric element, such as a fibre, film, coating, bonding layer or foam, is made by forming a substantially linear polymer by polymerisation of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer blends comprising carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers and then reacting the carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers in the linear polymer to form internal cross links within the polymer.
摘要:
A water absorbent water insoluble polymeric element, such as fibre, film, coating, bonding layer or foam, is made by forming a substantially linear polymer by polymerization of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer blends comprising carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers and then reacting the carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers in the linear polymer to form internal cross links within the polymer.
摘要:
Water absorbent, water insoluble, cross linked polymer fibre or film can be made by dry extrusion of a solution of a substantially linear polymer formed from a water soluble blend of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a plasticizing monomer, evaporating the solvent and forming polymeric fibre or film plasticized by an external plasticizer, stretching the fibre or film while the external plasticizer remains in the fibre or film, and then cross linking the polymer.
摘要:
A dispersion of water soluble or water swellable polymer in water immiscible liquid is made by reverse phase polymerization utilizing a dispersing system comprising a polymerization stabilizer and the resulting dispersion, optionally after dehydration, may be distributed into water utilizing a distributing system. The dispersing system or the distributing system, or both, includes at least one non-ionic compound selected from C.sub.6-12 alkanols, C.sub.4-12 alkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates, C.sub.6-12 polyalkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates and benzyl alcohol. Novel dispersions are made by reverse phase polymerization and, in particular, include a non-ionic compound selected from C.sub.4-12 alkylene glycol monoethers, their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates and C.sub.6-12 polyalkylene glycol monoethers and their C.sub.1-4 alkanoates. When the polymer is water soluble a solution of it in water can be made by distributing the dispersion into water.
摘要:
A reverse phase suspension polymerization process conducted using an ionic polymerizable material and a polymerization stabilizer of opposite ionic or potentially ionic charge is modified by including also a water soluble, substantially oil insoluble, ionic non-polymerizable compound having the same charge type as the polymerizable material and having at least one alkyl group containing at least 6 carbon atoms.
摘要:
A homogenous blend is formed of different water soluble polymer types, for instance of particular addition and condensation polymers, by forming one of the polymers from its monomeric starting material by polymerisation in a solution of the other polyer. The resultant solution has a concentration of above 10% but is homogenous. It can be used as a bulk solution or can be dried to powder or can be present as a reverse phase dispersion.
摘要:
A thickening agent that is particularly suitable for alkaline print pastes is a water insoluble, water swellable or water swollen polymer made by reverse phase polymerization of a blend of water soluble, copolymerizable monomers in which the monomers comprise at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid having free acid groups, at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid having salt groups selected from ammonium, amine and alkali metal and at least one ethylenically unsaturated cross-linking agent, the molar proportions of the said free acid groups to the said salt groups during the polymerization being from 80:20 to 10:90.
摘要:
Leather is rendered flexible and water repellent by treatment with a low molecular weight, generally monomeric, amphoteric surfactant having at least one surfactant hydrophobe, at least two cationic groups and at least two anionic groups which are carboxylic groups.
摘要:
A water soluble, substantially linear, polymer is made by copolymerization of a water soluble blend of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising carboxylic acid monomers such as acrylic acid and a hydroxylic monomer of the formula CHR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2 --Y--M.sub.a --H where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or carboxy, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, carboxy or methyl, Y is O, CH.sub.2 O or COO, M is alkyleneoxy and a is at least 5. This polymer can be cross linked, generally after being shaped by extrusion or other shaping of an aqueous solution of the polymer, to form cross linkages between the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. The shaped elements can have water absorbency and can be in the form of, for instance, fibers or films.
摘要:
An oil soluble polymeric surfactant that is particularly useful for stabilizing reverse phase polymer dispersions, especially when they are subjected to azeotroping, is a reaction product of an oil soluble polyester carboxylic acid (such as poly-hydroxy stearic acid) and a water soluble polyamine (such as polyethylene imine) of molecular weight above 500 and that contains at least 5 basic nitrogen atoms.