摘要:
Interference in a cellular CDMA network due to mobile stations causing multiple use of one carrier frequency in neighboring cells is cancelled. A hard handover is implemented by defining the phase of a spread spectrum code in a signal transmitted from a base station to a mobile followed by measurement of signal strength in the mobile. Thereafter, the result is reported to the CDMA network, inferring whether the mobile interferes with the base station of the neighboring cells. If interference is present, the surrounding base stations are informed about the mobile station channel used, and this information is taken into account in the receivers of signals transmitted by other mobiles within the cell. The measurement results of the mobile are provided as initial values to the parameters required by the initialization of the interference cancellation routines performed in a neighboring base station. In another embodiment, it is decided whether the mobile station has to be monitored at the neighboring base stations by comparing the measurement results with a predetermined threshold value.
摘要:
A receiver, and a method for estimating received power in a cellular radio system having in each cell at least one base station communicating with mobile stations within its coverage area. The mobile stations measure strength of the signal received from a base station, and report the measurement results to that base station. To improve power adjustment, a model describing the dynamic behavior of the signal is created for the received power on each connection. The model is utilized for power adjustment, as well as for making handover decisions.
摘要:
Optical components are flip chip mounted onto a substrate for improved alignment. Each device is fabricated using “build-up” layers above a substrate. Each has an optical confinement region in which optical radiation travels in use, and a bonding surface. The overall depth of the layers above the optical confinement region is closely controlled during fabrication, for instance by the use a “spacer” layer, so that when the devices are subsequently flip chip mounted adjacent one another on a shared substrate by means of their bonding surfaces, they can be passively positioned so that their optical confinement regions abut and optical radiation can be coupled from one to the next in use.
摘要:
Organo-tin compound having the formula I: [R—(Y)a]b—SnX4-b wherein R stands for a polycyclic hydrocarbyl residue which optionally carries one or several substituents; Y stands for a bivalent linker group; X represents a hydrolysable group; a is an integer 0 or 1; and b is an integer 1 or 2. The preferably stands for an unsubstituted or substituted fused hydrocarbon ring system selected from naphthalene, antracene, phenanthrene, and pentacene. The novel compounds are useful for producing polymers which can be employed as thin film materials in optoelectronic devices.
摘要:
The present invention relates to metal oxide coating materials that can be used as thin film thin film coatings on various substrate surfaces. The invention also concerns a method of making metal oxide material which are stable in aqueous phase and that can be deposited on a substrate by liquid phase deposition, such as spin-on deposition. The new materials can be patterned lithographically or non-lithographically and are applicable for building up various electronic and opto-electronic device structures, such as anti-reflection layers, high-k interlayer and gate oxide structures for ICs, etch stop layer, CMP stop layer, solar cells, OLEDs packaging, optical thin film filters, optical diffractive grating applications and hybrid thin film diffractive grating structures.
摘要:
The invention is based on the idea of providing a light emitting diode (OLED) device which contains a substrate with a photonic crystal, whereby the formed film structure induces enhancement of the liberation of photons trapped inside the light emitting device structure. The photonic crystal structure is a film structure on a substrate produced using a combination of high and low refractive index materials, at least one of the materials being based on a liquid phase deposited metal-oxide or metalloid oxide material. By means of the invention light trapped due to total internal reflection in a waveguide acting light emitting structure can be extracted efficiently from the device by introducing the photonic crystal device structure between the substrate and conductive anode layer.
摘要:
A polymer comprising a siloxane polymer having at least one Si—OH group and at least one Si—OR group, where R is condensation stabilizing group optionally having a reactive functional group, wherein the siloxane polymer, when placed into a solvent, has a weight average molecular weight increase of less than or equal to 50% after aging for one week at 40° C. as measured by GPC is provided.
摘要:
A silicon polymer material, which has a silicon polymer backbone with chromophore groups attached directly to at least a part of the silicon atoms, the polymer further exhibiting carbosilane bonds. The film forming composition and resulting coating properties can be tailored to suit the specific exposure wavelength and device fabrication and design requirements. By using two different chromophores the refractive index and the absorption co-efficient can be efficiently tuned. By varying the proportion of carbosilane bonds, and a desired Si-content of the anti-reflective coating composition can be obtained.
摘要:
Process for producing an organosiloxane polymer and novel organosiloxane polymer compositions. The process according to the invention comprises hydrolyzing tetraalkoxysilane monomers in a hydrolysis step; and polymerising said hydrolyzed monomers in a polymerization step by subjecting them to conditions conducive to polymerisation to form an organosiloxane polymer. The hydrolysis step is conducted in a reaction medium comprising an organic compound with hydroxy groups. The invention allows for the synthesis of siloxane polymer compositions suitable for thin-film applications using a high content of tetra- and trifunctional silixane polymer precursors.