Method for interference cancellation in a cellular CDMA network
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for interference cancellation in a cellular CDMA network 失效
    蜂窝CDMA网络中的干扰消除方法

    公开(公告)号:US5862124A

    公开(公告)日:1999-01-19

    申请号:US714161

    申请日:1996-11-22

    摘要: Interference in a cellular CDMA network due to mobile stations causing multiple use of one carrier frequency in neighboring cells is cancelled. A hard handover is implemented by defining the phase of a spread spectrum code in a signal transmitted from a base station to a mobile followed by measurement of signal strength in the mobile. Thereafter, the result is reported to the CDMA network, inferring whether the mobile interferes with the base station of the neighboring cells. If interference is present, the surrounding base stations are informed about the mobile station channel used, and this information is taken into account in the receivers of signals transmitted by other mobiles within the cell. The measurement results of the mobile are provided as initial values to the parameters required by the initialization of the interference cancellation routines performed in a neighboring base station. In another embodiment, it is decided whether the mobile station has to be monitored at the neighboring base stations by comparing the measurement results with a predetermined threshold value.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FI95 / 00146 Sec。 371日期:1996年11月22日 102(e)日期1996年11月22日PCT 1995年3月20日PCT公布。 出版物WO95 / 26593 日期1995年10月5日由于在相邻小区中导致多个使用一个载波频率的移动站而导致的蜂窝CDMA网络中的干扰被取消。 通过在从基站发送到移动站的信号中定义扩频码的相位,随后在移动台中测量信号强度来实现硬切换。 此后,将结果报告给CDMA网络,推断移动台是否干扰相邻小区的基站。 如果存在干扰,则周围的基站被通知关于所使用的移动站信道,并且该信息在接收机中被考虑到由小区内的其他移动台发送的信号。 将移动台的测量结果作为在相邻基站中执行的干扰消除例程的初始化所需的参数的初始值提供。 在另一实施例中,通过将测量结果与预定阈值进行比较来确定是否必须在相邻基站处监视移动台。

    Method for estimating received power and a receiver
    2.
    发明授权
    Method for estimating received power and a receiver 失效
    估计接收功率的方法和接收机

    公开(公告)号:US5845208A

    公开(公告)日:1998-12-01

    申请号:US549804

    申请日:1996-04-08

    IPC分类号: H04B7/26 H04W36/30 H04Q7/22

    CPC分类号: H04W24/10 H04W36/30

    摘要: A receiver, and a method for estimating received power in a cellular radio system having in each cell at least one base station communicating with mobile stations within its coverage area. The mobile stations measure strength of the signal received from a base station, and report the measurement results to that base station. To improve power adjustment, a model describing the dynamic behavior of the signal is created for the received power on each connection. The model is utilized for power adjustment, as well as for making handover decisions.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / FI95 / 00141 Sec。 371日期:1996年4月8日 102(e)日期1996年4月8日PCT 1995年3月16日PCT公布。 WO95 / 25365 PCT出版物 1995年9月21日,一种接收机,以及一种在蜂窝无线电系统中估计接收功率的方法,在每个小区中至少有一个基站与其覆盖区域内的移动台进行通信。 移动站测量从基站接收的信号的强度,并将测量结果报告给该基站。 为了改善功率调整,为每个连接的接收功率创建描述信号的动态特性的模型。 该模型用于功率调整以及进行切换决策。

    Optical component assembly
    4.
    发明授权
    Optical component assembly 失效
    光学元件组件

    公开(公告)号:US07663210B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-16

    申请号:US10698948

    申请日:2003-11-03

    申请人: Ari Karkkainen

    发明人: Ari Karkkainen

    IPC分类号: H01L23/495

    摘要: Optical components are flip chip mounted onto a substrate for improved alignment. Each device is fabricated using “build-up” layers above a substrate. Each has an optical confinement region in which optical radiation travels in use, and a bonding surface. The overall depth of the layers above the optical confinement region is closely controlled during fabrication, for instance by the use a “spacer” layer, so that when the devices are subsequently flip chip mounted adjacent one another on a shared substrate by means of their bonding surfaces, they can be passively positioned so that their optical confinement regions abut and optical radiation can be coupled from one to the next in use.

    摘要翻译: 将光学部件倒装安装到基板上以改善对准。 每个器件使用衬底上方的“积聚”层制造。 每个都具有光学辐射在使用中传播的光限制区域和接合表面。 在制造期间,例如通过使用“间隔”层,在光学限制区域之上的层的总体深度受到严格控制,使得当随后通过它们的粘合将器件相邻地彼此倒置安装在共享衬底上时 表面,它们可以被动定位,使得它们的光学限制区域邻接,并且光辐射可以在使用中从一个耦合到下一个。

    Novel organo-metal compounds
    5.
    发明申请
    Novel organo-metal compounds 有权
    新型有机金属化合物

    公开(公告)号:US20060263621A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-11-23

    申请号:US11415521

    申请日:2006-05-02

    IPC分类号: B32B15/08 C08G79/00

    摘要: Organo-tin compound having the formula I: [R—(Y)a]b—SnX4-b wherein R stands for a polycyclic hydrocarbyl residue which optionally carries one or several substituents; Y stands for a bivalent linker group; X represents a hydrolysable group; a is an integer 0 or 1; and b is an integer 1 or 2. The preferably stands for an unsubstituted or substituted fused hydrocarbon ring system selected from naphthalene, antracene, phenanthrene, and pentacene. The novel compounds are useful for producing polymers which can be employed as thin film materials in optoelectronic devices.

    摘要翻译: 具有式I的有机锡化合物:<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”?> [R-(Y))a B -SnX 4-b <?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>其中R代表多环烃基残基,任选地带有一个 或几个取代基; Y代表二价连接基团; X表示可水解基团; a是整数0或1; b优选为1或2的整数。优选代表未取代或取代的稠合烃环体系,其选自萘,蒽并菲,并五苯。 新型化合物可用于制备可用作光电器件中的薄膜材料的聚合物。

    Method of synthesizing hybrid metal oxide materials and applications thereof
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of synthesizing hybrid metal oxide materials and applications thereof 有权
    混合金属氧化物材料的合成方法及其应用

    公开(公告)号:US08852690B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-10-07

    申请号:US11629562

    申请日:2005-06-15

    申请人: Ari Karkkainen

    发明人: Ari Karkkainen

    摘要: The present invention relates to metal oxide coating materials that can be used as thin film thin film coatings on various substrate surfaces. The invention also concerns a method of making metal oxide material which are stable in aqueous phase and that can be deposited on a substrate by liquid phase deposition, such as spin-on deposition. The new materials can be patterned lithographically or non-lithographically and are applicable for building up various electronic and opto-electronic device structures, such as anti-reflection layers, high-k interlayer and gate oxide structures for ICs, etch stop layer, CMP stop layer, solar cells, OLEDs packaging, optical thin film filters, optical diffractive grating applications and hybrid thin film diffractive grating structures.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及可用作各种基材表面上的薄膜薄膜涂层的金属氧化物涂层材料。 本发明还涉及制备金属氧化物材料的方法,其在水相中是稳定的并且可以通过液相沉积(例如旋涂沉积)沉积在基底上。 新材料可以光刻或非光刻地图案化,并且可用于构建各种电子和光电器件结构,例如抗反射层,用于IC的高k中间层和栅极氧化物结构,蚀刻停止层,CMP停止 层,太阳能电池,OLED封装,光学薄膜滤光器,光学衍射光栅应用和混合薄膜衍射光栅结构。

    Method of making a photonic crystal device and photonic crystal device

    公开(公告)号:US10690847B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-06-23

    申请号:US11917506

    申请日:2006-06-15

    申请人: Ari Karkkainen

    发明人: Ari Karkkainen

    IPC分类号: H01L51/52 B82Y20/00 G02B6/122

    摘要: The invention is based on the idea of providing a light emitting diode (OLED) device which contains a substrate with a photonic crystal, whereby the formed film structure induces enhancement of the liberation of photons trapped inside the light emitting device structure. The photonic crystal structure is a film structure on a substrate produced using a combination of high and low refractive index materials, at least one of the materials being based on a liquid phase deposited metal-oxide or metalloid oxide material. By means of the invention light trapped due to total internal reflection in a waveguide acting light emitting structure can be extracted efficiently from the device by introducing the photonic crystal device structure between the substrate and conductive anode layer.

    CARBOSILANE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS
    9.
    发明申请
    CARBOSILANE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS 失效
    用于防反射涂料的碳纤维聚合物组合物

    公开(公告)号:US20100252917A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-10-07

    申请号:US12741708

    申请日:2008-11-06

    申请人: Ari Karkkainen

    发明人: Ari Karkkainen

    摘要: A silicon polymer material, which has a silicon polymer backbone with chromophore groups attached directly to at least a part of the silicon atoms, the polymer further exhibiting carbosilane bonds. The film forming composition and resulting coating properties can be tailored to suit the specific exposure wavelength and device fabrication and design requirements. By using two different chromophores the refractive index and the absorption co-efficient can be efficiently tuned. By varying the proportion of carbosilane bonds, and a desired Si-content of the anti-reflective coating composition can be obtained.

    摘要翻译: 一种硅聚合物材料,其具有直接连接至至少一部分硅原子的发色团的硅聚合物主链,该聚合物进一步显示出碳硅烷键。 成膜组合物和所得到的涂层性能可以被定制以适合特定的曝光波长和器件制造和设计要求。 通过使用两种不同的发色团,可以有效地调节折射率和吸收系数。 通过改变碳硅烷键的比例,可以获得所需的抗反射涂层组合物的Si含量。

    PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN ORGANSILOXANE POLYMER
    10.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN ORGANSILOXANE POLYMER 有权
    生产硅烷聚合物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20100016488A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-21

    申请号:US12528669

    申请日:2008-02-26

    申请人: Ari Karkkainen

    发明人: Ari Karkkainen

    摘要: Process for producing an organosiloxane polymer and novel organosiloxane polymer compositions. The process according to the invention comprises hydrolyzing tetraalkoxysilane monomers in a hydrolysis step; and polymerising said hydrolyzed monomers in a polymerization step by subjecting them to conditions conducive to polymerisation to form an organosiloxane polymer. The hydrolysis step is conducted in a reaction medium comprising an organic compound with hydroxy groups. The invention allows for the synthesis of siloxane polymer compositions suitable for thin-film applications using a high content of tetra- and trifunctional silixane polymer precursors.

    摘要翻译: 有机硅氧烷聚合物和新型有机硅氧烷聚合物组合物的制备方法。 根据本发明的方法包括在水解步骤中水解四烷氧基硅烷单体; 并且在聚合步骤中使所述水解单体聚合,使它们具有有利于聚合的条件以形成有机硅氧烷聚合物。 水解步骤在包含具有羟基的有机化合物的反应介质中进行。 本发明允许使用高含量的四官能硅烷聚合物前体合成适用于薄膜应用的硅氧烷聚合物组合物。