摘要:
A particularly inexpensive, homogeneous and porous gas diffusion electrode which comprises at least one electrically conductive, hydrophobic and gas-permeable gas diffusion layer, comprising a mechanically stable support material which is impregnated with at least one electrically conductive material having a bulk conductivity of ≧10 mS/cm is produced. The gas diffusion electrode can be coated with a catalytically active layer. The electrodes of the invention are particularly suitable for use in fuel cells and electrolysis cells.
摘要:
Polymer-stabilized metal colloid solutions, process for preparing them and their use as catalysts for fuel cells. Process for preparing metal colloid solutions by reacting a platinum compound and, if desired, one or more compounds of Rh, Ru, Ir or Pd with a reducing agent. At least one cation-exchange polymer is used for stabilizing the metal colloid solution.
摘要:
Polybetaine-stabilized nanosize platinum particles, a process for preparing them and their use for electrocatalysts in fuel cells Soluble nanosize particles which have a diameter of from 0.5 to 3 nm, preferably from 1 to 2 nm, comprise platinum alone or platinum and other metals of the platinum group and are embedded in a protective colloid which comprises polymeric betaines and can be degraded by hydrolysis. The betaine is preferably a carbobetaine of the formula —N+R1R2—(—CH2—)n—CO2−, a phosphobetaine of the formula —N+R1R2—(—CH2—)n—PO3— or, preferably, a sulfobetaine of the formula —N+R1R2—(—CH2—)n—SO3—, where R1 and R2 may, independently of one another, be identical or different and are alkyl radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is 1, 2 or 3. Also described are a process for preparing the nanosize particles and catalysts produced therefrom and also their use for fuel cells.
摘要:
Process for using microwave irradiation to prepare solutions of polymers functionalized with acid groups The invention relates to a process for preparing aqueous, hydrous and anhydrous solutions of polymers functionalized with acid groups, which comprises using microwave radiation to supply the heat required to prepare the solution. The solutions are suitable as a starting material for producing gas diffusion electrodes, fuel cells and polymer-electrolyte-stabilized platinum nanoparticles.
摘要:
Membranes comprising sulfonated polyether ketone and another polymer, process for their production, and their use, Membranes comprising from 30 to 99.5% by weight of a sulfonated, strictly alternating polyether ketone (A) having repeat units of the formula (I) —Ar—O—Ar′—CO—, where Ar and Ar′, independently of one another, are bivalent aromatic radicals, with an ion exchange capacity of from 1.3 to 4.0 meq of —SO3H/g of polymer and from 0.5 to 70% by weight of a partially fluorinated, nonfluorinated or perfluorinated polymer (B) are described. The membranes may be used in fuel cells.
摘要翻译:包含磺化聚醚酮和另一种聚合物的膜,其制备方法及其用途包含30至99.5重量%的具有式(I)-Ar-的重复单元的磺化严格交替的聚醚酮(A)的膜, O-Ar'-CO-,其中Ar和Ar'彼此独立地是二价芳族基团,离子交换容量为1.3至4.0meq的-SO 3 H / g 聚合物和0.5〜70重量%的部分氟化,非氟化或全氟化聚合物(B)。 膜可以用于燃料电池。
摘要:
Polymer composition, membrane comprising the same, process for production thereof and use thereof The composition described comprises 30 to 99.5% by weight of a sulfonated aromatic polyether ketone which has an ion-exchange capacity of from 1.3 to 4.0 meq (—SO3H)/g of polymer, and from 0.5 to 70% by weight of a polybenzimidazole. This composition can, as can a sulfonated polyether ketone of PEK type, be processed to give membranes, preferably used in fuel cells.
摘要:
A novel non-aggressive sulfonating process for aromatic polymers is described. The process encompasses: a). dissolving the aromatic polymer in a substantially anhydrous acid selected from the group consisting of concentrated sulfuric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, and oleum, b) adding an organic solvent which is inert under the conditions of the reaction, c) adding a carboxylic anhydride, d) adding a sulfonating agent, and e) carrying out the sulfonation at a temperature below 25° C. and for a time sufficient to achieve the desired degree of sulfonation. The resultant homogeneous products of the process may preferably be used to produce membranes, for example for fuel cell applications
摘要:
Proton conductors comprising from 1 to 99% by weight of an acid and from 99 to 1% by weight of a nonaqueous amphoteric material which are thermally stable from −50° C. to 400° C. and have a proton conductivity of ≧10−5 S/cm. The invention further relates to membranes comprising the proton conductors of the invention, processes for preparing the membranes and their use in electrochromic cells, secondary batteries and electrochromic displays.
摘要翻译:包含1至99重量%的酸和99至1重量%的非水性两性材料的质子导体,其在-50℃至400℃下热稳定且质子传导率≥10 -5 S / cm。 本发明还涉及包含本发明的质子导体的膜,制备膜的方法及其在电致变色电池,二次电池和电致变色显示器中的应用。
摘要:
Membranes for use in polymer electrolyte fuel cells or electrolyzers comprise a sulfonated aromatic polyether ether ketone of the formula (I) wherein the ion exchange equivalent (I.E.C.) of the sulfonated polyether ether ketone is in the range from 1.35 to 1.95 mmol (—SO3H)/g (polymer) and the membrane has a long-term stability of at least 1000 hours at an operating voltage of from 0.4 to 1.1 V.
摘要:
An acid-doped, single-layer or multilayer polymer membrane comprising at least one layer A of a polymer blend with contains:a) from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight of one or more polymers comprising recurring azole units of the formula 1A and/or 1B: wherein the radicals Ar, Ar1, and Ar2 are tetravalent, divalent or trivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic groups and the radicals X are each and oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or an amino group bearing a hydrogen atom, a 1-20 carbon group, in admixture with b) from 99.9 to 0.1% by weight of a polysulfone containing recurring unit having no sulfonic acid groups.